花椒Zanthoxylum bungeanum
中文名（Chinese Name）：花椒
学名（Scientific Name）：Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim.
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：秦椒
异名（Synonym）：Zanthoxylum fraxinoides Hemsl. Zanthoxylum simulans var. imperforatum (Franch.) Reeder et S. Y. Cheo Zanthoxylum bungei Hance Zanthoxylum bungei var. imperforatum Franch.
科属（Family & Genus）：芸香科（Rutaceae）花椒属
形态特征（Description）：高3-7米的落叶小乔木；茎干上的刺常早落，枝有短刺，小枝上的刺基部宽而扁且劲直的长三角形，当年生枝被短柔毛。叶有小叶5-13片，叶轴常有甚狭窄的叶翼；小叶对生，无柄，卵形，椭圆形，稀披针形，位于叶轴顶部的较大，近基部的有时圆形，长2-7厘米，宽1-3.5厘米，叶缘有细裂齿，齿缝有油点。其余无或散生肉眼可见的油点，叶背基部中脉两侧有丛毛或小叶两面均被柔毛，中脉在叶面微凹陷，叶背干后常有红褐色斑纹。花序顶生或生于侧枝之顶，花序轴及花梗密被短柔毛或无毛；花被片6-8片，黄绿色，形状及大小大致相同；雄花的雄蕊5枚或多至8枚；退化雌蕊顶端叉状浅裂；雌花很少有发育雄蕊，有心皮3或2个，间有4个，花柱斜向背弯。果紫红色，单个分果瓣径4-5毫米，散生微凸起的油点，顶端有甚短的芒尖或无；种子长3.5-4.5毫米。花期4-5月，果期8-9月或10月。
分布（Distribution）：产地北起东北南部，南至五岭北坡，东南至江苏、浙江沿海地带，西南至西藏东南部，见于平原至海拔较高的山地。
用途（Use）：
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 11 Page 54, 64
Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maximowicz, Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg. 16: 212. 1871.
花椒 hua jiao| Rutaceae | Zanthoxylum
Trees 3-7 m tall, deciduous. Stems and branchlets with prickles; stem prickles with a flat base. Young branchlets pubescent. Leaves 5-13-foliolate; rachis marginate; leaflet blades sessile, opposite, ovate, elliptic, or rarely lanceolate, sometimes suborbicular near leaf rachis base, 2-7 × 1-4.5 cm, both surfaces pubescent or abaxial surface flocculent along midvein, midvein adaxially impressed, margin crenate. Inflorescences axillary but terminal on lateral branchlets; rachis and pedicel pubescent or glabrous. Perianth in 2 irregular series or 1 series, with 6-8 yellowish green ± undifferentiated tepals. Male flowers: stamens 5-8; rudimentary gynoecium 2-lobed. Female flowers 2-5-carpelled. Fruit follicles purplish red, 4-5 mm in diam., pustulose glandular, apex shortly beaked or beak lacking. Seeds 3.5-4.5 mm. Fl. Apr-May, fr. Aug-Oct.
Found in many habitats; below 3200 m. Anhui, Fujian, Gansu, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hebei, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Liaoning, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, SE Xinjiang, S and SE Xizang, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Bhutan].
The dried fruit follicles of Zanthoxylum bungeanum are used as a culinary spice and are particularly popular in Sichuan cuisine (Sichuan pepper). In Japan, Z. piperitum (Linnaeus) Candolle is sometimes similarly used.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）：Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim.
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：秦椒
异名（Synonym）：Zanthoxylum fraxinoides Hemsl. Zanthoxylum simulans var. imperforatum (Franch.) Reeder et S. Y. Cheo Zanthoxylum bungei Hance Zanthoxylum bungei var. imperforatum Franch.
科属（Family & Genus）：芸香科（Rutaceae）花椒属
形态特征（Description）：高3-7米的落叶小乔木；茎干上的刺常早落，枝有短刺，小枝上的刺基部宽而扁且劲直的长三角形，当年生枝被短柔毛。叶有小叶5-13片，叶轴常有甚狭窄的叶翼；小叶对生，无柄，卵形，椭圆形，稀披针形，位于叶轴顶部的较大，近基部的有时圆形，长2-7厘米，宽1-3.5厘米，叶缘有细裂齿，齿缝有油点。其余无或散生肉眼可见的油点，叶背基部中脉两侧有丛毛或小叶两面均被柔毛，中脉在叶面微凹陷，叶背干后常有红褐色斑纹。花序顶生或生于侧枝之顶，花序轴及花梗密被短柔毛或无毛；花被片6-8片，黄绿色，形状及大小大致相同；雄花的雄蕊5枚或多至8枚；退化雌蕊顶端叉状浅裂；雌花很少有发育雄蕊，有心皮3或2个，间有4个，花柱斜向背弯。果紫红色，单个分果瓣径4-5毫米，散生微凸起的油点，顶端有甚短的芒尖或无；种子长3.5-4.5毫米。花期4-5月，果期8-9月或10月。
分布（Distribution）：产地北起东北南部，南至五岭北坡，东南至江苏、浙江沿海地带，西南至西藏东南部，见于平原至海拔较高的山地。
用途（Use）：
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 11 Page 54, 64
Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maximowicz, Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg. 16: 212. 1871.
花椒 hua jiao| Rutaceae | Zanthoxylum
Trees 3-7 m tall, deciduous. Stems and branchlets with prickles; stem prickles with a flat base. Young branchlets pubescent. Leaves 5-13-foliolate; rachis marginate; leaflet blades sessile, opposite, ovate, elliptic, or rarely lanceolate, sometimes suborbicular near leaf rachis base, 2-7 × 1-4.5 cm, both surfaces pubescent or abaxial surface flocculent along midvein, midvein adaxially impressed, margin crenate. Inflorescences axillary but terminal on lateral branchlets; rachis and pedicel pubescent or glabrous. Perianth in 2 irregular series or 1 series, with 6-8 yellowish green ± undifferentiated tepals. Male flowers: stamens 5-8; rudimentary gynoecium 2-lobed. Female flowers 2-5-carpelled. Fruit follicles purplish red, 4-5 mm in diam., pustulose glandular, apex shortly beaked or beak lacking. Seeds 3.5-4.5 mm. Fl. Apr-May, fr. Aug-Oct.
Found in many habitats; below 3200 m. Anhui, Fujian, Gansu, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hebei, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Liaoning, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, SE Xinjiang, S and SE Xizang, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Bhutan].
The dried fruit follicles of Zanthoxylum bungeanum are used as a culinary spice and are particularly popular in Sichuan cuisine (Sichuan pepper). In Japan, Z. piperitum (Linnaeus) Candolle is sometimes similarly used.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
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