回回苏Perilla frutescens var. crispa

中文名(Chinese Name):回回苏
学名(Scientific Name):Perilla frutescens var. crispa (Thunb.) H.Deane
英文名(English Common Name):
别名(Chinese Common Name):鸡冠紫苏
异名Synonym):Dentidia nankinensis Lour.  Dentidia purpurascens Pers.  Dentidia purpurea Poir.  Ocimum crispum Thunb.  Mentha reticulosa Hance  Plectranthus nankinensis (Lour.) Spreng.  Perilla ocymoides var. crispa Benth.  Perilla arguta Benth.  Perilla frutescens var. arguta (Benth.) Hand.-Mazz.  Perilla frutescens var. nankinensis (Lour.) Britton  Perilla acuta (Thunb.) Nakai  Perilla crispa (Thunb.) Tanaka
科属(Family & Genus):唇形科(Labiatae)紫苏属
形态特征(Description):一年生、直立草本。茎高0.3-2米,绿色或紫色,钝四棱形,具四槽,密被长柔毛。叶阔卵形或圆形,长7-13厘米,宽4.5-10厘米,先端短尖或突尖,基部圆形或阔楔形,边缘在基部以上有粗锯齿,膜质或草质,两面绿色或紫色,或仅下面紫色,上面被疏柔毛,下面被贴生柔毛,侧脉7-8对,位于下部者稍靠近,斜上升,与中脉在上面微突起下面明显突起,色稍淡;叶柄长3-5厘米,背腹扁平,密被长柔毛。轮伞花序2花,组成长1.5-15厘米、密被长柔毛、偏向一侧的顶生及腋生总状花序;苞片宽卵圆形或近圆形,长宽约4毫米,先端具短尖,外被红褐色腺点,无毛,边缘膜质;花梗长1.5毫米,密被柔毛。花萼钟形,10脉,长约3毫米,直伸,下部被长柔毛,夹有黄色腺点,内面喉部有疏柔毛环,结果时增大,长至1.1厘米,平伸或下垂,基部一边肿胀,萼檐二唇形,上唇宽大,3齿,中齿较小,下唇比上唇稍长,2齿,齿披针形。花冠白色至紫红色,长3-4毫米,外面略被微柔毛,内面在下唇片基部略被微柔毛,冠筒短,长2-2.5毫米,喉部斜钟形,冠檐近二唇形,上唇微缺,下唇3裂,中裂片较大,侧裂片与上唇相近似。雄蕊4,几不伸出,前对稍长,离生,插生喉部,花丝扁平,花药2室,室平行,其后略叉开或极叉开。花柱先端相等2浅裂。花盘前方呈指状膨大。小坚果近球形,灰褐色,直径约1.5毫米,具网纹。花期8-11月,果期8-12月。
分布(Distribution):我国各地栽培,供药用及香料用。
用途(Use):供药用和香料用。
引自植物志英文版: FOC Vol. 17
Perilla frutescens var. crispa (Bentham) Deane ex Bailey, Manual Cult. Plants, ed. 1. 646. 1924.
回回苏 hui hui su| Lamiaceae  | Perilla
Perilla ocymoides Linnaeus var. crispa Bentham, Prodr. 12: 164. 1848; Dentidia nankinensis Loureiro; D. purpurascens Persoon; D. purpurea Poiret; Mentha reticulosa Hance; Ocimum crispum Thunberg; Perilla arguta Bentham; Perilla frutescens var. arguta (Bentham) Handel-Mazzetti; Perilla frutescens var. crispa (Thunberg) Handel-Mazzetti (1939); Perilla frutescens var. nankinensis (Loureiro) Britton; Perilla frutescens var. crispa Deane; Perilla nankinensis (Loureiro) Decaisne; Plectranthus nankinensis (Loureiro) Sprengel.
Leaves narrowly serrate, purple.
Widely cultivated in China [Japan]
Leaves and flower clusters used as a condiment or salted and eaten. Leaves give a purplish red tint to salted fruits of Prunus mume. Cotyledons of seedlings also used as a condiment.
The nomenclature of this taxon is complex and depends on the interpretation of Bailey (1924). The oldest epithet at the specific rank is Ocimum crispum Thunberg (1784). The oldest epithet at the varietal rank is Perilla ocymoides var. crispa Bentham (1848) which is based on different material. This epithet should have been taken up by Britton (1894) who cited Bentham's taxon under his Perilla frutescens var. nankinensis based on Dentidia nankinensis Loureiro (1790), thus making that name illegitimate. Bailey ascribes the name taken up to Deane who gives a description and cites "var. nankinensis Bailey." It seems best to accept this as a reference to var. nankinensis Britton and thus indirectly to Bentham. If this is not done, then Deane's name must be accepted as new and ascribed directly to him.
回回苏Perilla frutescens var. crispa

回回苏Perilla frutescens var. crispa
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