白花堇菜Viola lactiflora
中文名（Chinese Name）：白花堇菜
学名（Scientific Name）：Viola lactiflora Nakai
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：宽叶白花堇菜
异名（Synonym）：Viola limprichtiana W. Becker
科属（Family & Genus）：堇菜科（Violaceae）堇菜属
形态特征（Description）：多年生草本，无地上茎，高10-18厘米。根状茎稍粗，垂直或斜生，上部具短而密的节，散生数条淡褐色长根。叶多数，均基生；叶片长三角形或长圆形，下部者长2-3厘米，宽1.5-2.5厘米，上部者长4-5厘米，宽1.5-2.5厘米，先端钝，基部明显浅心形或截形，有时稍呈戟形，边缘具钝圆齿，两面无毛，下面叶脉明显隆起；叶柄长1-6厘米，无翅，下部者较短，上部者较长；托叶明显，淡绿色或略呈褐色，近膜质，中部以上与叶柄合生，合生部分宽约4毫米，离生部分线状披针形，边缘疏生细齿或全缘。花白色，中等大，长1.5-1.9厘米；花梗不超出或稍超出于叶，在中部或中部以上有2枚线形小苞片；萼片披针形或宽披针形，长5-7毫米，先端渐尖，基部附属物短而明显，末端截形，具钝齿或全缘，边缘狭膜质，具3脉；花瓣倒卵形，侧方花瓣里面有明显的须毛，下方花瓣较宽，先端无微缺，末端具明显的筒状距；距长4-5毫米，粗约3毫米，末端圆；花药长约2毫米，与药隔顶端附属物近等长，下方2枚雄蕊背部的距呈短角状，长约2.5毫米，末端渐细；子房无毛，花柱棍棒状，基部细，稍向前膝曲，向上渐增粗，柱头两侧及后方稍增厚成狭的缘边，前方具短喙，喙端有较细的柱头孔。蒴果椭圆形，长6-9毫米，无毛，先端常有宿存的花柱。种子卵球形，长约1.5毫米，呈淡褐色。
分布（Distribution）：产辽宁、江苏、浙江、江西、四川、云南，多生于针叶林或针阔混交林林缘及山坡草地、草坡。朝鲜南部及日本也有分布。
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 13 Page 77, 101
Viola lactiflora Nakai, Bot. Mag. (Tokyo). 28: 329. 1914.
白花堇菜 bai hua jin cai| Violaceae | Viola
Viola limprichtiana W. Becker.
Herbs perennial, acaulescent, 10-18 cm tall. Rhizome erect or obliquely ascending, slightly robust, shortly and densely noded, with several, scattered, long, yellowish roots. Leaves numerous, basal; stipules conspicuous, greenish or brownish, submembranous, adnate to petiole above middle, free part linear-lanceolate, ca. 4 mm wide, margin remotely denticulate or entire; petiole 1-6 cm, wingless, those of lower leaves shorter, those of upper leaves longer; leaf blade narrowly triangular or oblong, those of lower leaves 2-3 × 1.5-2.5 cm, those of upper leaves 4-5 × 1.5-2.5 cm, both surfaces glabrous, veins conspicuously raised abaxially, base shallowly cordate or truncate, sometimes slightly hastate, margin obtusely crenate, apex obtuse. Flowers white, medium-sized, 1.5-1.9 cm; pedicels not or slightly exceeding leaves, 2-bracteolate at or above middle; bracteoles linear. Sepals ovate-lanceolate or lanceolate, 5-7 mm, apex acuminate, basal auricles short and conspicuous, margin narrowly membranous, 3-veined, margin obtusely dentate or entire, apex truncate. Petals obovate, lateral ones distinctly bearded, anterior one broader, apex not emarginate; spur cylindric, 4-5 mm, ca. 3 mm in diam., apex rounded. Anthers ca. 2 mm, subequaling appendage of connectives; spur of 2 anterior stamens shortly angular, ca. 2.5 mm, apex gradually smaller. Ovary glabrous; styles clavate, base slender, slightly geniculate forward, gradually thickened upward; stigmas slightly thickened on lateral sides and abaxially and narrowly margined, shortly beaked in front, with a smaller stigma hole at tip of beak. Capsule ellipsoid, 6-9 mm, glabrous, apex often with persistent styles. Seeds brownish, ovoid-globose, ca. 1.5 mm, glabrous. Fl. Mar-Apr. 2n = 48.
Grassy slopes or wasteland; below 500 m. Jiangsu, Jiangxi, S Liaoning, Zhejiang [Japan (?naturalized), Korea].
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）：Viola lactiflora Nakai
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：宽叶白花堇菜
异名（Synonym）：Viola limprichtiana W. Becker
科属（Family & Genus）：堇菜科（Violaceae）堇菜属
形态特征（Description）：多年生草本，无地上茎，高10-18厘米。根状茎稍粗，垂直或斜生，上部具短而密的节，散生数条淡褐色长根。叶多数，均基生；叶片长三角形或长圆形，下部者长2-3厘米，宽1.5-2.5厘米，上部者长4-5厘米，宽1.5-2.5厘米，先端钝，基部明显浅心形或截形，有时稍呈戟形，边缘具钝圆齿，两面无毛，下面叶脉明显隆起；叶柄长1-6厘米，无翅，下部者较短，上部者较长；托叶明显，淡绿色或略呈褐色，近膜质，中部以上与叶柄合生，合生部分宽约4毫米，离生部分线状披针形，边缘疏生细齿或全缘。花白色，中等大，长1.5-1.9厘米；花梗不超出或稍超出于叶，在中部或中部以上有2枚线形小苞片；萼片披针形或宽披针形，长5-7毫米，先端渐尖，基部附属物短而明显，末端截形，具钝齿或全缘，边缘狭膜质，具3脉；花瓣倒卵形，侧方花瓣里面有明显的须毛，下方花瓣较宽，先端无微缺，末端具明显的筒状距；距长4-5毫米，粗约3毫米，末端圆；花药长约2毫米，与药隔顶端附属物近等长，下方2枚雄蕊背部的距呈短角状，长约2.5毫米，末端渐细；子房无毛，花柱棍棒状，基部细，稍向前膝曲，向上渐增粗，柱头两侧及后方稍增厚成狭的缘边，前方具短喙，喙端有较细的柱头孔。蒴果椭圆形，长6-9毫米，无毛，先端常有宿存的花柱。种子卵球形，长约1.5毫米，呈淡褐色。
分布（Distribution）：产辽宁、江苏、浙江、江西、四川、云南，多生于针叶林或针阔混交林林缘及山坡草地、草坡。朝鲜南部及日本也有分布。
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 13 Page 77, 101
Viola lactiflora Nakai, Bot. Mag. (Tokyo). 28: 329. 1914.
白花堇菜 bai hua jin cai| Violaceae | Viola
Viola limprichtiana W. Becker.
Herbs perennial, acaulescent, 10-18 cm tall. Rhizome erect or obliquely ascending, slightly robust, shortly and densely noded, with several, scattered, long, yellowish roots. Leaves numerous, basal; stipules conspicuous, greenish or brownish, submembranous, adnate to petiole above middle, free part linear-lanceolate, ca. 4 mm wide, margin remotely denticulate or entire; petiole 1-6 cm, wingless, those of lower leaves shorter, those of upper leaves longer; leaf blade narrowly triangular or oblong, those of lower leaves 2-3 × 1.5-2.5 cm, those of upper leaves 4-5 × 1.5-2.5 cm, both surfaces glabrous, veins conspicuously raised abaxially, base shallowly cordate or truncate, sometimes slightly hastate, margin obtusely crenate, apex obtuse. Flowers white, medium-sized, 1.5-1.9 cm; pedicels not or slightly exceeding leaves, 2-bracteolate at or above middle; bracteoles linear. Sepals ovate-lanceolate or lanceolate, 5-7 mm, apex acuminate, basal auricles short and conspicuous, margin narrowly membranous, 3-veined, margin obtusely dentate or entire, apex truncate. Petals obovate, lateral ones distinctly bearded, anterior one broader, apex not emarginate; spur cylindric, 4-5 mm, ca. 3 mm in diam., apex rounded. Anthers ca. 2 mm, subequaling appendage of connectives; spur of 2 anterior stamens shortly angular, ca. 2.5 mm, apex gradually smaller. Ovary glabrous; styles clavate, base slender, slightly geniculate forward, gradually thickened upward; stigmas slightly thickened on lateral sides and abaxially and narrowly margined, shortly beaked in front, with a smaller stigma hole at tip of beak. Capsule ellipsoid, 6-9 mm, glabrous, apex often with persistent styles. Seeds brownish, ovoid-globose, ca. 1.5 mm, glabrous. Fl. Mar-Apr. 2n = 48.
Grassy slopes or wasteland; below 500 m. Jiangsu, Jiangxi, S Liaoning, Zhejiang [Japan (?naturalized), Korea].
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
踩一下[0]
顶一下[1]