齿果草Salomonia cantoniensis
中文名（Chinese Name）：齿果草
学名（Scientific Name）：Salomonia cantoniensis Lour.
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：
异名（Synonym）：Salomonia edentula DC. Salomonia subrotunda Hassk.
科属（Family & Genus）：远志科（Polygalaceae）齿果草属
形态特征（Description）：一年生直立草木，高5-25厘米；根纤细，芳香。茎细弱，多分枝，无毛，具狭翅。单叶互生，叶片膜质，卵状心形或心形，长5-16毫米，宽5-12毫米，先端钝，具短尖头，基部心形，全缘或微波状，绿色，无毛，基出3脉；叶柄长1.5-2毫米。穗状花序顶生，多花，长1-6厘米，花后延长。花极小，长约2-3毫米，无梗，小苞片极小早落；萼片5，极小，线状钻形，基部连合，宿存；花瓣3，淡红色，侧瓣长约2.5毫米，龙骨瓣舟状，长约3毫米，无鸡冠状附属物；雄蕊4，花丝长约2毫米，花丝几乎全部合生成鞘，并与花瓣基部贴生，鞘被蛛丝状柔毛，花药合生成块状；子房肾形，侧扁，径约1毫米，边缘具三角状长齿，2室，每室具1胚珠；花柱长约2.5毫米，光滑，柱头微裂。蒴果肾形，长约1毫米，宽约2毫米，两侧具2列三角状尖齿。果爿具蜂窝状网纹。种子2粒，卵形，径约1毫米，亮黑色，无毛，无种阜。花期7-8月，果期8-10月。
分布（Distribution）：产华东、华中、华南和西南地区；生于海拔600-1450米山坡林下、灌丛中或草地。印度、缅甸、泰国、越南、非律宾至热带澳大利亚也有。
用途（Use）：本种全草入药。有解毒消炎、散瘀镇痛的功能。
大叶金牛FOC Vol. 11 Page 158
Salomonia cantoniensis Loureiro, Fl. Cochinch. 1: 14. 1790.
齿果草 chi guo cao| Polygalaceae | Salomonia
Salomonia cantoniensis var. edentula (Candolle) Gagnepain; S. edentula Candolle; S. subrotunda Hasskarl.
Herbs annual, erect, 5-25 cm tall. Roots slender, fragrant. Stem thin, multibranched, 3-winged, glabrous. Petiole 1.5-2 mm; leaf blade ovate-cordate or cordate, 5-16 × 5-12 mm, membranous, glabrous, 3-veined, base cordate or truncate, margin entire or slightly undulate, apex obtuse, mucronate. Spike terminal, 1-6 cm, elongated after anthesis. Flowers very small, 2-3 mm, sessile; bracts caducous, very small. Sepals 5, persistent, connate at base, linear-subulate, 0.4-0.5 mm. Petals pink-purple; lateral petals ca. 2.5 mm; keel ca. 3 mm. Filaments ca. 2 mm, united into an open sheath, inside of sheath arachnoid; anthers connate. Ovary reniform, ca. 1 mm in diam., margin narrowly triangular-denticulate; style ca. 2.5 mm; stigma slightly lobed. Capsule reniform, ca. 1 mm, ca. 2 mm in diam., both lateral margins pointedly triangular-denticulate; surface of capsule with protruding reticulations. Seeds 2, black, shiny, ovoid, ca. 1 mm in diam. Fl. Jun-Aug, fr. Aug-Oct.
Forests, forest margins, shrub forests, grasslands on hills and mountain slopes; 600-1500 m. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, S and SE Yunnan, Zhejiang [Bhutan, Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Philippines, Thailand].
Material with the margin of the capsule ± smooth (almost no denticulations) has been separated as Salomonia cantoniensis var. edentula, but as the degree of denticulation in this species is variable and as S. cantoniensis var. edentula is in all other aspects identical to S. cantoniensis, the variety is not here recognized.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）：Salomonia cantoniensis Lour.
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：
异名（Synonym）：Salomonia edentula DC. Salomonia subrotunda Hassk.
科属（Family & Genus）：远志科（Polygalaceae）齿果草属
形态特征（Description）：一年生直立草木，高5-25厘米；根纤细，芳香。茎细弱，多分枝，无毛，具狭翅。单叶互生，叶片膜质，卵状心形或心形，长5-16毫米，宽5-12毫米，先端钝，具短尖头，基部心形，全缘或微波状，绿色，无毛，基出3脉；叶柄长1.5-2毫米。穗状花序顶生，多花，长1-6厘米，花后延长。花极小，长约2-3毫米，无梗，小苞片极小早落；萼片5，极小，线状钻形，基部连合，宿存；花瓣3，淡红色，侧瓣长约2.5毫米，龙骨瓣舟状，长约3毫米，无鸡冠状附属物；雄蕊4，花丝长约2毫米，花丝几乎全部合生成鞘，并与花瓣基部贴生，鞘被蛛丝状柔毛，花药合生成块状；子房肾形，侧扁，径约1毫米，边缘具三角状长齿，2室，每室具1胚珠；花柱长约2.5毫米，光滑，柱头微裂。蒴果肾形，长约1毫米，宽约2毫米，两侧具2列三角状尖齿。果爿具蜂窝状网纹。种子2粒，卵形，径约1毫米，亮黑色，无毛，无种阜。花期7-8月，果期8-10月。
分布（Distribution）：产华东、华中、华南和西南地区；生于海拔600-1450米山坡林下、灌丛中或草地。印度、缅甸、泰国、越南、非律宾至热带澳大利亚也有。
用途（Use）：本种全草入药。有解毒消炎、散瘀镇痛的功能。
大叶金牛FOC Vol. 11 Page 158
Salomonia cantoniensis Loureiro, Fl. Cochinch. 1: 14. 1790.
齿果草 chi guo cao| Polygalaceae | Salomonia
Salomonia cantoniensis var. edentula (Candolle) Gagnepain; S. edentula Candolle; S. subrotunda Hasskarl.
Herbs annual, erect, 5-25 cm tall. Roots slender, fragrant. Stem thin, multibranched, 3-winged, glabrous. Petiole 1.5-2 mm; leaf blade ovate-cordate or cordate, 5-16 × 5-12 mm, membranous, glabrous, 3-veined, base cordate or truncate, margin entire or slightly undulate, apex obtuse, mucronate. Spike terminal, 1-6 cm, elongated after anthesis. Flowers very small, 2-3 mm, sessile; bracts caducous, very small. Sepals 5, persistent, connate at base, linear-subulate, 0.4-0.5 mm. Petals pink-purple; lateral petals ca. 2.5 mm; keel ca. 3 mm. Filaments ca. 2 mm, united into an open sheath, inside of sheath arachnoid; anthers connate. Ovary reniform, ca. 1 mm in diam., margin narrowly triangular-denticulate; style ca. 2.5 mm; stigma slightly lobed. Capsule reniform, ca. 1 mm, ca. 2 mm in diam., both lateral margins pointedly triangular-denticulate; surface of capsule with protruding reticulations. Seeds 2, black, shiny, ovoid, ca. 1 mm in diam. Fl. Jun-Aug, fr. Aug-Oct.
Forests, forest margins, shrub forests, grasslands on hills and mountain slopes; 600-1500 m. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, S and SE Yunnan, Zhejiang [Bhutan, Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Philippines, Thailand].
Material with the margin of the capsule ± smooth (almost no denticulations) has been separated as Salomonia cantoniensis var. edentula, but as the degree of denticulation in this species is variable and as S. cantoniensis var. edentula is in all other aspects identical to S. cantoniensis, the variety is not here recognized.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
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