圆锥花远志Polygala paniculata

中文名(Chinese Name):圆锥花远志
学名(Scientific Name):Polygala paniculata Linn.
英文名(English Common Name):orosne
别名(Chinese Common Name):
异名(Synonym):Polygala paniculata var. leocoptera S.F. Blake
科属(Family & Genus):远志科(Polygalaceae)远志属
形态特征(Description):一年生直立草本,高10-50厘米;主根黄色,茎圆柱形,细,上部多分枝,呈圆锥状,被微柔毛。叶互生,或下部4-5枚假轮生,叶片披针形至线状披针形,长5-20毫米,宽1-4毫米,先端急尖,基部渐狭,全缘,具1脉,侧脉不见;近无柄。总状花序顶生或与叶对生,长2-15厘米,花梗长0.5-1毫米,基部具小苞片,小苞片披针形,急尖,早落;萼片5,外面3枚小,多少椭圆形,先端钝,内面2枚花瓣状,带紫色,椭圆状长圆形,长约2毫米,具3脉;花瓣3,白色或紫罗兰色,渐狭至先端,龙骨瓣具多裂(4-6)的鸡冠状附属物;雄蕊8,花丝鞘内无毛,花丝分离很短;子房倒卵形至几乎正圆形,花柱直立,长为子房的1.5-2倍,顶端呈斜杯状,其顶端具1束毛,柱头无柄,生于杯之基部。蒴果长圆形,长约2毫米,顶端具缺刻,几乎无翅,无毛。种子长圆形,黑色,密被白色短柔毛,种阜小,偏于1侧,具2膜质附属物。
分布(Distribution):原产巴西至墨西哥,我国台湾省引种栽培。未见标本,据《台湾植物志》记载。
用途(Use):
引自中国植物志英文版:FOC Vol. 11 Page 142, 154
Polygala paniculata Linnaeus, Syst. Nat., ed. 10. 2: 1154. 1759.
圆锥花远志 yuan zhui hua yuan zhi | Polygalaceae  | Polygala
Herbs annual, erect, 10-50 cm tall. Stems terete, mostly much branched, glandular pubescent. Leaves alternate, subsessile, lowest 4 or 5 often in pseudowhorls; leaf blade lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, 5-20 × 1-4 mm, 1-veined, lateral veins absent, base attenuate, margin entire, apex acute. Racemes terminal or opposite to leaves, 2-15 cm. Pedicel 0.5-1 mm; basal bracteoles caducous, lanceolate, apex acute. Sepals 5; outer sepals 3, ± elliptic, apex obtuse; inner sepals 2, purple, petaloid, elliptic-oblong, ca. 2 mm, 3-veined. Petals 3, white or violet; lateral petals narrowly ovate-lanceolate, attenuate to apex; keel apex with multifid appendages. Stamens 8, forming an open staminal sheath glabrous inside and split at top into 8 very short free filaments. Ovary obovoid to nearly globose; style straight, 1.5-2 × as long as ovary, apex expanded into an oblique broad cup, upper portion of which ends in tuft of hair; stigma at base of cup. Capsule oblong, ca. 2 mm, not winged, apex notched, glabrous. Seeds black, oblong, densely white pubescent; strophiole small, with 2 membranous appendages.
Low elevations. Guangdong, Taiwan (introduced and naturalized) [widely distributed in the tropics].
圆锥花远志Polygala paniculata

圆锥花远志Polygala paniculata

圆锥花远志Polygala paniculata(责任编辑:徐晔春)

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