半枝莲Scutellaria barbata

中文名(Chinese Name):半枝莲
学名(Scientific Name):Scutellaria barbata D. Don
英文名(English Common Name):
别名(Chinese Common Name):水黄芩、狭叶韩信草
异名(Synonym):Scutellaria adenophylla Miq.  Scutellaria komarovii H. Lév. et Vaniot  Scutellaria cavaleriei H. Lév. et Vaniot  Scutellaria minor var. indica Benth.  Scutellaria rivularis Wall. ex Benth.  Scutellaria squamulosa A.Ham.
科属Family & Genus):唇形科(Labiatae)黄芩属
形态特征(Description):根茎短粗,生出簇生的须状根。茎直立,高12-35(55)厘米,四棱形,基部组1-2毫米,无毛或在序轴上部疏被紧贴的小毛,不分枝或具或多或少的分枝。叶具短柄或近无柄,柄长1-3毫米,腹凹背凸,疏被小毛;叶片三角状卵圆形或卵圆状披针形,有时卵圆形,长1.3-3.2厘米,宽0.5-1(1.4)厘米,先端急尖,基部宽楔形或近截形,边缘生有疏而钝的浅牙齿,上面橄榄绿色,下面淡绿有时带紫色,两面沿脉上疏被紧贴的小毛或几无毛,侧脉2-3对,与中脉在上面凹陷下面凸起。花单生于茎或分枝上部叶腋内,具花的茎部长4-11厘米;苞叶下部者似叶,但较小,长达8毫米,上部者更变小,长2-4.5毫米,椭圆形至长椭圆形,全缘,上面散布下面沿脉疏被小毛;花梗长1-2毫米,被微柔毛,中部有一对长约0.5毫米具纤毛的针状小苞片。花萼开花时长约2毫米,外面沿脉被微柔毛,边缘具短缘毛,盾片高约1毫米,果时花萼长4.5毫米,盾片高2毫米。花冠紫蓝色,长9-13毫米,外被短柔毛,内在喉部疏被疏柔毛;冠筒基部囊大,宽1.5毫米,向上渐宽,至喉部宽达3.5毫米;冠檐2唇形,上唇盔状,半圆形,长1.5毫米,先端圆,下唇中裂片梯形,全缘,长2.5毫米,宽4毫米,2侧裂片三角状卵圆形,宽1.5毫米,先端急尖。雄蕊4,前对较长,微露出,具能育半药,退化半药不明显,后对较短,内藏,具全药,药室裂口具髯毛;花丝扁平,前对内侧后对两侧下部被小疏柔毛。花柱细长,先端锐尖,微裂。花盘盘状,前方隆起,后方延伸成短子房柄。子房4裂,裂片等大。小坚果褐色,扁球形,径约1毫米,具小疣状突起。花果期4-7月。
分布(Distribution):产华北、华东、华南、西南及华中部分省区,生于海拔2000米以下水田边、溪边或湿润草地上。印度、尼泊尔、缅甸、老挝、泰国、越南、日本及朝鲜也有。
用途(Use):民间用全草煎水服,治妇女病,以代益母草(江苏省植物药材志),热天生痱子可用全草泡水洗。此外亦用于治各种炎症(肝炎、阑尾炎、咽喉炎、尿道炎等),咯血,尿血,胃痛,疮痈肿毒,跌打损伤,蚊虫咬伤,并试治早期癌症。
引自植物志英文版:FOC Vol. 17 Page 99
Scutellaria barbata D. Don, Prodr. Fl. Nepal. 109. 1825.
半枝莲 ban zhi lian | Lamiaceae  | Scutellaria
Scutellaria adenophylla Miquel; S. cavaleriei H. Léveillé & Vaniot; S. komarovii H. Léveillé & Vaniot; S. minor Linnaeus var. indica Bentham; S. rivularis Wallich ex Bentham.
Stems erect, 12-35(-55) cm tall, glabrous or sparsely appressed pubescent upward. Petiole 1-3 mm, concave-convex, sparsely pubescent; leaf blade triangular-ovate to ovate-lanceolate, 1.3-3.2 × 0.5-1(-1.4) cm, subglabrous to sparsely appressed pubescent along veins, base broadly cuneate to subtruncate, margin remotely and obtusely shallow dentate, apex acute. Racemes poorly defined, terminal; floral leaves similar to stem leaves, to 8 mm basally, much reduced and elliptic to narrowly elliptic upward, adaxially sparsely pubescent, abaxially sparsely pubescent only on veins; bracteoles needlelike, ca. 0.5 mm, inserted at middle of pedicels. Flowers axillary. Pedicel 1-2 mm, puberulent. Calyx ca. 2 mm, puberulent along veins outside, margin ciliolate, to 4.5 mm in fruit; scutellum ca. 1 mm, to 2 mm in fruit. Corolla purple blue, 0.9-1.3 cm, pubescent outside, sparsely pilose on throat inside; tube saccate in front at base, ca. 1.5 mm wide at middle, gradually dilated to 3.5 mm wide at throat; upper lip semicircular, ca. 1.5 mm; middle lobe of lower lip trapeziform, ca. 2.5 × 4 mm, margin entire; lateral lobes triangular-ovate, ca. 1.5 mm wide, apex acute. Nutlets brown, oblate, ca. 1 mm in diam., warty. Fl. and fr. Apr-Jul.
Margins of rice paddies, streamsides, wet grasslands; 0-2000 m. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hebei, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Shaanxi, Shandong, Sichuan, Taiwan, Yunnan, Zhejiang [India, Japan, Korea, Laos, Myanmar, Nepal, Thailand, Vietnam]
Used medicinally for traumatic injuries and to reduce inflammation caused by various diseases.
 半枝莲Scutellaria barbata

半枝莲Scutellaria barbata

半枝莲Scutellaria barbata

半枝莲Scutellaria barbata
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