香薷Elsholtzia ciliata
中文名（Chinese Name）：香薷
学名（Scientific Name）：Elsholtzia ciliata (Thunb.) Hyl.
英文名（English Common Name）：crested latesummer mint
别名（Chinese Common Name）：山苏子、拉拉香
异名（Synonym）：Elsholtzia ciliata var. remota C. Y. Wu et S. C. Huang Elsholtzia ciliata var. depauperata C. Y. Wu et S. C. Huang Elsholtzia ciliata var. ramosa (Nakai) C. Y. Wu et S. C. Huang Elsholtzia ciliata var. brevipes C. Y. Wu et S. C. Huang Elsholtzia minima Nakai Elsholtzia pseudocristata H. Lév. et Vaniot Elsholtzia cristata Willd. Elsholtzia patrini (Lepech.) Garcke Elsholtzia patrini var. ramosa Nakai Elsholtzia formosana Hayata Hyssopus ocymifolius Lam. Mentha cristata Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don Mentha patrini Lepech. Perilla polystachya D. Don Sideritis ciliata Thunb. Mentha baicalensis Georgi Eschscholzia ciliata (Thunb.) Hyl. Elsholtzia ciliata f. leucantha T.Lee Elsholtzia ciliata var. duplicatocrenata C.Y.Wu & S.C.Huang Elsholtzia cristata f. leucantha Nakai Elsholtzia cristata f. minima (Nakai) Nakai Elsholtzia cristata f. ruderalis Kom. Elsholtzia cristata var. ramosa Nakai Elsholtzia interrupta Ohwi Elsholtzia patrinii (Lepech.) Garcke Hyssopus bracteatus C.C.Gmel. ex Steud. Mentha baikalensis Georgi Mentha patrinii Lepech.
科属（Family & Genus）：唇形科（Labiatae）香薷属
形态特征（Description）：直立草本，高0.3-0.5米，具密集的须根。茎通常自中部以上分枝，钝四稜形，具槽，无毛或被疏柔毛，常呈麦秆黄色，老时变紫褐色。叶卵形或椭圆状披针形，长3-9厘米，宽1-4厘米，先端渐尖，基部楔状下延成狭翅，边缘具锯齿，上面绿色，疏被小硬毛，下面淡绿色，主沿脉上疏被小硬毛，余部散布松脂状腺点，侧脉约6-7对，与中肋两面稍明显；叶柄长0.5-3.5厘米，背平腹凸，边缘具狭翅，疏被小硬毛。穗状花序长2-7厘米，宽达1.3厘米，偏向一侧，由多花的轮伞花序组成；苞片宽卵圆形或扁圆形，长宽约4毫米，先端具芒状突尖，尖头长达2毫米，多半退色，外面近无毛，疏布松脂状腺点，内面无毛，边缘具缘毛；花梗纤细，长1.2毫米，近无毛，序轴密被白色短柔毛。花萼钟形，长约1.5毫米，外面被疏柔毛，疏生腺点，内面无毛，萼齿5，三角形，前2齿较长，先端具针状尖头，边缘具缘毛。花冠淡紫色，约为花萼长之3倍，外面被柔毛，上部夹生有稀疏腺点，喉部被疏柔毛，冠筒自基部向上渐宽，至喉部宽约1.2毫米，冠檐二唇形，上唇直立，先端微缺，下唇开展，3裂，中裂片半圆形，侧裂片弧形，较中裂片短。雄蕊4，前对较长，外伸，花丝无毛，花药紫黑色。花柱内藏，先端2浅裂。小坚果长圆形，长约1毫米，棕黄色，光滑。花期7-10月，果期10月至翌年1月。
分布（Distribution）：除新疆、青海外几产全国各地；生于海拔3400米以下路旁、山坡、荒地、林内、河岸。俄罗斯、蒙古、朝鲜、日本、印度、中南半岛也有分布。
用途（Use）：全草入药，治急性肠胃炎、腹痛吐泻、夏秋阳暑、头痛发热、恶寒无汗、霍乱、水肿、鼻衄、口臭等症。嫩叶尚可喂猪。
引自植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 17 Page 254
Elsholtzia ciliata (Thunberg) Hylander, Bot. Not. 1941: 129. 1941.
香薷 xiang ru | Lamiaceae | Elsholtzia
Sideritis ciliata Thunberg, Syst. Veg., ed. 14, 532. 1784; Elsholtzia ciliata var. brevipes C. Y. Wu & S. C. Huang; E. ciliata var. depauperata C. Y. Wu & S. C. Huang; E. ciliata var. ramosa (Nakai) C. Y. Wu & H. W. Li; E. ciliata var. remota C. Y. Wu & S. C. Huang; E. cristata Willdenow; E. formosana Hayata; E. minina Nakai; E. patrini (Lepechin) Garcke; E. patrini var. ramosa Nakai; E. pseudocristata H. Léveillé & Vaniot; Hyssopus ocymifolius Lamarck; Mentha baicalensis Georgi; M. cristata Buchanan-Hamilton ex D. Don; M. ovata Cavanilles; M. patrini Lepechin; Perilla polystachya D. Don.
Herbs erect, 30-50 cm tall. Stems glabrous or pilose, stramineous, purple-brown with age. Petiole 0.5-3.5 cm, narrowly winged; leaf blade ovate to elliptic-lanceolate, 3-9 × 1-4 cm, sparsely minutely hispid, adaxially sparsely resinous glandular, base cuneate decurrent, margin serrate, apex acuminate. Spikes 2-7 × to 1.3 cm, secund; verticillasters many flowered; bracts broadly ovate to oblate, ca. 4 × 4 mm, subglabrous to puberulent, sparsely resinous glandular abaxially, glabrous adaxially, ciliate or ciliolate, apical mucro to 2 mm. Pedicel ca. 1.2 mm, subglabrous, densely white pubescent. Calyx ca. 1.5 mm, pilose, sparsely glandular outside, glabrous inside; teeth triangular, anterior longer, needlelike, ciliate. Corolla purplish, ca. 4.5 mm, villous outside, sparsely glandular on posterior side; throat pilose, ca. 1.2 mm wide; upper lip emarginate; middle lobe of lower lip semicircular, lateral lobes arcuate, shorter than middle lobe. Anthers purple-black. Style included. Nutlets yellow-brown, oblong, ca. 1 mm. Fl. Jul-Oct, fr. Oct-Jan.
Hills, waste areas, sunny terraces, riverbanks, forests; 0-3400 m. In all provinces except Qinghai and Xinjiang [Cambodia, India, Japan, Laos, Malaysia, Mongolia, Myanmar, Russia, Thailand, Vietnam; introduced in Europe and North America]
Used medicinally.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）：Elsholtzia ciliata (Thunb.) Hyl.
英文名（English Common Name）：crested latesummer mint
别名（Chinese Common Name）：山苏子、拉拉香
异名（Synonym）：Elsholtzia ciliata var. remota C. Y. Wu et S. C. Huang Elsholtzia ciliata var. depauperata C. Y. Wu et S. C. Huang Elsholtzia ciliata var. ramosa (Nakai) C. Y. Wu et S. C. Huang Elsholtzia ciliata var. brevipes C. Y. Wu et S. C. Huang Elsholtzia minima Nakai Elsholtzia pseudocristata H. Lév. et Vaniot Elsholtzia cristata Willd. Elsholtzia patrini (Lepech.) Garcke Elsholtzia patrini var. ramosa Nakai Elsholtzia formosana Hayata Hyssopus ocymifolius Lam. Mentha cristata Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don Mentha patrini Lepech. Perilla polystachya D. Don Sideritis ciliata Thunb. Mentha baicalensis Georgi Eschscholzia ciliata (Thunb.) Hyl. Elsholtzia ciliata f. leucantha T.Lee Elsholtzia ciliata var. duplicatocrenata C.Y.Wu & S.C.Huang Elsholtzia cristata f. leucantha Nakai Elsholtzia cristata f. minima (Nakai) Nakai Elsholtzia cristata f. ruderalis Kom. Elsholtzia cristata var. ramosa Nakai Elsholtzia interrupta Ohwi Elsholtzia patrinii (Lepech.) Garcke Hyssopus bracteatus C.C.Gmel. ex Steud. Mentha baikalensis Georgi Mentha patrinii Lepech.
科属（Family & Genus）：唇形科（Labiatae）香薷属
形态特征（Description）：直立草本，高0.3-0.5米，具密集的须根。茎通常自中部以上分枝，钝四稜形，具槽，无毛或被疏柔毛，常呈麦秆黄色，老时变紫褐色。叶卵形或椭圆状披针形，长3-9厘米，宽1-4厘米，先端渐尖，基部楔状下延成狭翅，边缘具锯齿，上面绿色，疏被小硬毛，下面淡绿色，主沿脉上疏被小硬毛，余部散布松脂状腺点，侧脉约6-7对，与中肋两面稍明显；叶柄长0.5-3.5厘米，背平腹凸，边缘具狭翅，疏被小硬毛。穗状花序长2-7厘米，宽达1.3厘米，偏向一侧，由多花的轮伞花序组成；苞片宽卵圆形或扁圆形，长宽约4毫米，先端具芒状突尖，尖头长达2毫米，多半退色，外面近无毛，疏布松脂状腺点，内面无毛，边缘具缘毛；花梗纤细，长1.2毫米，近无毛，序轴密被白色短柔毛。花萼钟形，长约1.5毫米，外面被疏柔毛，疏生腺点，内面无毛，萼齿5，三角形，前2齿较长，先端具针状尖头，边缘具缘毛。花冠淡紫色，约为花萼长之3倍，外面被柔毛，上部夹生有稀疏腺点，喉部被疏柔毛，冠筒自基部向上渐宽，至喉部宽约1.2毫米，冠檐二唇形，上唇直立，先端微缺，下唇开展，3裂，中裂片半圆形，侧裂片弧形，较中裂片短。雄蕊4，前对较长，外伸，花丝无毛，花药紫黑色。花柱内藏，先端2浅裂。小坚果长圆形，长约1毫米，棕黄色，光滑。花期7-10月，果期10月至翌年1月。
分布（Distribution）：除新疆、青海外几产全国各地；生于海拔3400米以下路旁、山坡、荒地、林内、河岸。俄罗斯、蒙古、朝鲜、日本、印度、中南半岛也有分布。
用途（Use）：全草入药，治急性肠胃炎、腹痛吐泻、夏秋阳暑、头痛发热、恶寒无汗、霍乱、水肿、鼻衄、口臭等症。嫩叶尚可喂猪。
引自植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 17 Page 254
Elsholtzia ciliata (Thunberg) Hylander, Bot. Not. 1941: 129. 1941.
香薷 xiang ru | Lamiaceae | Elsholtzia
Sideritis ciliata Thunberg, Syst. Veg., ed. 14, 532. 1784; Elsholtzia ciliata var. brevipes C. Y. Wu & S. C. Huang; E. ciliata var. depauperata C. Y. Wu & S. C. Huang; E. ciliata var. ramosa (Nakai) C. Y. Wu & H. W. Li; E. ciliata var. remota C. Y. Wu & S. C. Huang; E. cristata Willdenow; E. formosana Hayata; E. minina Nakai; E. patrini (Lepechin) Garcke; E. patrini var. ramosa Nakai; E. pseudocristata H. Léveillé & Vaniot; Hyssopus ocymifolius Lamarck; Mentha baicalensis Georgi; M. cristata Buchanan-Hamilton ex D. Don; M. ovata Cavanilles; M. patrini Lepechin; Perilla polystachya D. Don.
Herbs erect, 30-50 cm tall. Stems glabrous or pilose, stramineous, purple-brown with age. Petiole 0.5-3.5 cm, narrowly winged; leaf blade ovate to elliptic-lanceolate, 3-9 × 1-4 cm, sparsely minutely hispid, adaxially sparsely resinous glandular, base cuneate decurrent, margin serrate, apex acuminate. Spikes 2-7 × to 1.3 cm, secund; verticillasters many flowered; bracts broadly ovate to oblate, ca. 4 × 4 mm, subglabrous to puberulent, sparsely resinous glandular abaxially, glabrous adaxially, ciliate or ciliolate, apical mucro to 2 mm. Pedicel ca. 1.2 mm, subglabrous, densely white pubescent. Calyx ca. 1.5 mm, pilose, sparsely glandular outside, glabrous inside; teeth triangular, anterior longer, needlelike, ciliate. Corolla purplish, ca. 4.5 mm, villous outside, sparsely glandular on posterior side; throat pilose, ca. 1.2 mm wide; upper lip emarginate; middle lobe of lower lip semicircular, lateral lobes arcuate, shorter than middle lobe. Anthers purple-black. Style included. Nutlets yellow-brown, oblong, ca. 1 mm. Fl. Jul-Oct, fr. Oct-Jan.
Hills, waste areas, sunny terraces, riverbanks, forests; 0-3400 m. In all provinces except Qinghai and Xinjiang [Cambodia, India, Japan, Laos, Malaysia, Mongolia, Myanmar, Russia, Thailand, Vietnam; introduced in Europe and North America]
Used medicinally.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
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