溪荪Iris sanguinea

中文名(Chinese Name):溪荪
学名(Scientific Name):Iris sanguinea Hornem.
英文名(English Common Name):blood iris
别名(Chinese Common Name):东方鸢尾
异名(Synonym):Iris sibirica var. sanguinea (Donn ex Hornem.) Ker Gawl.  Iris nertschinskia Lodd.  Limniris sanguinea (Donn ex Hornem.) Rodion.  Iris sanguinea var. typica Makino  Iris orientalis [Iris orientalis Thunb.]   Iris sieboldii
科属(Family & Genus):鸢尾科(Iridaceae)鸢尾属
形态特征(Description):多年生草本。根状茎粗壮,斜伸,外包有棕褐色老叶残留的纤维;须根绳索状,灰白色,有皱缩的横纹。叶条形,长20-60厘米,宽0.5-1.3厘米,顶端渐尖,基部鞘状,中脉不明显。花茎光滑,实心,高40-60厘米,具1-2枚茎生叶;苞片3枚,膜质,绿色,披针形,长5-7厘米,宽约1厘米,顶端渐尖,内包含有2朵花;花天蓝色,直径6-7厘米;花 被管短而粗,长0.8-1厘米,直径约4 毫米,外花被裂片倒卵形,长4.5-5厘米,宽约1.8厘米,基部有黑褐色的网纹及黄色的斑纹,爪部楔形,中央下陷呈沟状,无附属物,内花被裂片直立,狭倒卵形,长约4.5 厘米,宽约1.5厘米;雄蕊长约3厘米,花药黄色,花丝白色,丝状;花柱分枝扁平,长约3.5厘米,宽约5毫米,顶端裂片钝三角形,有细齿,子房三棱状圆柱形,长1.5-2厘米,直径3-4毫米。果实长卵状圆柱形,长3.5-5厘米,直径1.2-1.5厘米,长约为宽的3-4倍,有6条明显的肋,成熟时自顶端向下开裂至1/3处。花期5-6月,果期7-9月。
分布(Distribution):产东北、内蒙古。生于沼泽地、湿草地或向阳坡地。日本、朝鲜及俄罗斯也有。
用途(Use):
引自中国植物志英文版FOC Vol. 24 Page 301
Iris sanguinea Donn ex Hornemann, Hort. Bot. Hafn. 1: 58. 1813.
溪荪 xi sun| Iridaceae  | Iris
Rhizomes creeping, thick. Leaves linear, 20--60 cm × 5--13 mm, midvein obscure. Flowering stems sometimes with a short branch, 40--60 cm, solid, 1- or 2-leaved; spathes 3, green, often reddish at base, lanceolate, 5--7 × ca. 1 cm, 2-flowered, apex acuminate. Flowers bluish violet or white, 6--7 cm in diam. Perianth tube 8--10 mm; outer segments obovate, claw with conspicuous, brown reticulate pattern on yellow background; inner segments erect, narrowly obovate, 4--5 × ca. 1.5 cm. Filaments white, ca. 3 cm; anthers yellow. Ovary 1.5--2 cm × 3--4 mm. Style branches ca. 3.5 cm × 5 mm. Capsule ellipsoid-cylindric, 3.5--5 × 1.2--1.5 cm, 3-angled; fruiting pedicels equal, long. Fl. May--Jun, fr. Jul--Sep.
Damp meadows, sunny pond banks, mountain stream banks, hillsides; ca. 500 m. Heilongjiang, S Jiangsu, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol [Japan, Korea, Mongolia, Russia].
溪荪Iris sanguinea

溪荪Iris sanguinea

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