白花碎米荠Cardamine leucantha

中文名(Chinese Name):白花碎米荠
学名(Scientific Name):Cardamine leucantha (Tausch) O. E. Schulz
英文名(English Common Name):
别名(Chinese Common Name):山芥菜
异名(Synonym):Cardamine leucantha var. crenata D. C. Zhang  Dentaria dasyloba Turcz.  Dentaria leucantha Tausch  Cardamine cathayensis Migo  Dentaria macrophylla var. dasyloba (Turcz.) Makino  Cardamine leucantha var. glaberrima F.Maek. ex H.Hara  Cardamine leucantha var. koreana Nakai  Cardamine koreana (Nakai) Nakai  Cardamine toensis Nakai  Cardamine tomentella (Vorosch.) Shlotg.  Cardamine macrophylla f. albiflora Makino  Cardamine macrophylla var. dasyloba (Turcz.) Makino  Dentaria cathayensis (Migo) Kitag.
科属(Family & Genus):十字花科(Cruciferae)碎米荠属
形态特征(Description):多年生草本,高30-75厘米。根状茎短而匍匐,着生多数粗线状、长短不一的匍匐茎,其上生有须根。茎单一,不分枝,有时上部有少数分枝,表面有沟棱、密被短绵毛或柔毛。基生叶有长叶柄,小叶2-3对,顶生小叶卵形至长卵状披针形,长3.5-5厘米,宽1-2厘米,顶端渐尖,边缘有不整齐的钝齿或锯齿,基部楔形或阔楔形,小叶柄长5-13毫米,侧生小叶的大小、形态和顶生相似,但基部不等、有或无小叶柄;茎中部叶有较长的叶柄,通常有小叶2对;茎上部叶有小叶1-2对,小叶阔披针形,较小;全部小叶干后带膜质而半透明,两面均有柔毛,尤以下面较多。总状花序顶生,分枝或不分枝,花后伸长;花梗细弱,长约6毫米;萼片长椭圆形、长2.5-3.5毫米,边缘膜质,外面有毛;花瓣白色,长圆状楔形,长5-8毫米;花丝稍扩大;雌蕊细长;子房有长柔毛,柱头扁球形。长角果线形,长1-2厘米,宽约1毫米,花柱长约5毫米;果瓣散生柔毛,毛易脱落;果梗直立开展,长1-2厘米。种子长圆形,长约2毫米,栗褐色,边缘具窄翅或无。花期4-7月,果期6-8月。
分布(Distribution):产东北、河北、山西、河南、安徽、江苏、浙江、湖北、江西、陕西及甘肃等地,生于海拔200-2000米的路边、山坡湿地、杂木林下及山谷沟边阴湿处。日本、朝鲜及俄罗斯也有。
用途(Use):全草晒干,民间用以代茶叶;根状茎可治气管炎.
引自中国植物志英文版FOC Vol. 8 Page 90
Cardamine leucantha (Tausch) O. E. Schulz, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 32: 403. 1903.
白花碎米荠 bai hua sui mi ji | Brassicaceae  | Cardamine
Dentaria leucantha Tausch, Flora 19: 404. 1836; Cardamine cathayensis Migo; C. dasyloba (Turczaninow) Miquel; C. leucantha var. crenata D. C. Zhang; C. macrophylla Willdenow var. parviflora Trautvetter; D. dasyloba Turczaninow; D. macrophylla (Willdenow) Bunge ex Maximowicz var. dasyloba (Turczaninow) Makino.
Herbs perennial, 25-75 cm tall, sparsely to densely villous. Rhizomes creeping, slender, not scaly or stoloniferous. Stems simple, flexuous. Cauline leaves 4-7, including petiole (8-)10-20(-25) cm; petiole (1-)2-8(-10) cm, not auriculate at base; terminal leaflet lanceolate, elliptic, to ovate-elliptic, (3-)4-9(-13) × (0.6-)1-3.5(-4) cm, adaxially shortly strigose or puberulent, abaxially pilose or long strigose, with a petiolule 5-13(-20) mm, base cuneate, margin antrorsely ciliate and irregularly serrate, doubly serrate, or subdentate, apex acuminate or rarely acute; lateral leaflets 2 or 3 pairs, rarely uppermost leaf trifoliolate, similar to terminal one, smaller, sessile, base cuneate or sometimes oblique. Racemes 12-24-flowered. Fruiting pedicels divaricate or ascending, (0.5-)1-1.8(-2.3) cm, pilose or puberulent, slender. Sepals oblong, (2-)2.5-3.5 × 0.9-1.5 mm, margin membranous, pilose abaxially. Petals white, spatulate to oblong-oblanceolate, 6-8 × 2-3.5(-4) mm, cuneate and not clawed at base, apex rounded. Median filament pairs 5-6 mm, lateral pair 4-5 mm; anther oblong, 0.8-1.3 mm. Ovules 6-12 per ovary. Fruit linear, (1-)1.5-3 cm × 1-1.5 mm; gynophore 0.3-0.8(-1) mm; valves smooth, sparsely hairy or glabrous; style slender, (2-)3-5 mm. Seeds brown, oblong, 1.5-2.2 × 0.8-1.2 mm, narrowly winged or wingless. Fl. Apr-Jul, fr. May-Aug. 2n = 16.
Roadsides, shady areas, forests, wet places along streams, roadsides; 100-2000 m. Anhui, Gansu, Guizhou, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Sichuan, Zhejiang [Japan, Korea, Mongolia, Russia].
The above first record from Sichuan is based on Henry 5572 (GH, K, P, US).
Dried plants are used as a tea substitute, the rhizomes are medicinal, and seedlings are edible.
白花碎米荠Cardamine leucantha

白花碎米荠Cardamine leucantha

白花碎米荠Cardamine leucantha

白花碎米荠Cardamine leucantha(责任编辑:徐晔春)

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