燕麦Avena sativa
中文名（Chinese Name）：燕麦
学名（Scientific Name）：Avena sativa Linn.
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：铃当麦，香麦
异名（Synonym）：Avena byzantina K. Koch Avena hybrida Peterm. ex Reichenb. p.p. Avena fatua var. sativa (L.) Hausskn. Avena sativa var. orientalis (Schreb.) Alef. Avena sativa var. praegravis E.Krause Avena polonica Schwägr. ex Schmalh. Avena sativa var. setulosa (Thell.) Parodi Avena sativa var. macrathera (Thell.) Parodi Avena glabrata Hausm. Avena mutata Samp. Avena fatua subsp. sativa (L.) Thell. Avena byzantina var. thellungiana (Malzev) Tab.Morais Avena orientalis f. flavescens Peterm. Avena sativa var. macrantha Hack. Avena sativa var. pilosa (Koeler) Tab.Morais Avena sterilis var. thellungiana Malzev Avena sativa var. flavescens (Peterm.) Sóo Avena sativa var. fuscoatra (Peterm.) Sóo Avena fatua var. microtricha Malzev Avena fatua subsp. macrantha (Hack.) Malzev Avena fatua var. glaberrima (Thell.) Malzev Avena fatua var. macrotricha Malzev Avena praecoqua Litv. Avena fatua var. pilifera Malzev Avena fatua subsp. praegravis (E.L.Krause) Malzev Avena fatua subsp. nodipilosa Malzev Avena praecocioides Litv. Avena sativa subsp. contracta (Neilr.) Celak. Avena mutica Krock. Avena agraria var. mutica Brot. Avena sativa var. contracta Neilr. Avena fatua f. setulosa Thell. Avena fatua f. brachytricha Thell. Avena sterilis f. pseudosativa Thell. Avena trabutiana Thell. Avena fatua f. macrathera Thell. Avena fatua f. glaberrima Thell. Avena praegravis (E.L.Krause) Roshev. Avena algeriensis Trab. Avena trisperma Roem. & Schult. Avena sativa var. pilifera (Malzev) Tzvelev Avena sativa subsp. nodipilosa (Malzev) Vasc. Avena tatarica Ard. Avena sativa var. brachytricha (Thell.) Tzvelev Avena sativa var. secunda Alph.Wood Avena sativa var. microtricha (Malzev) Tzvelev Avena dispermis Mill. Avena sexflora Larranaga Avena fatua var. brachytricha (Thell.) Malzev Avena byzantina subsp. pseudosativa (Thell.) E. Morren Avena sativa f. contracta Neilr. Avena orientalis var. flavascens Peterm.
科属（Family & Genus）：禾本科Gramineae燕麦属Avena
形态特征（Description）：小穗含1-2小花；小穗轴近于无毛或疏生短毛，不易断落；第一外稃背部无毛，基盘仅具少数短毛或近于无毛，无芒，或仅背部有1较直的芒，第二外稃无毛，通常无芒。
分布（Distribution）：我国东北、华北、西北、西南及广东、广西和华中等省区多为栽培。谷粒供磨面食用，或作饲料，营养价值很高。
用途（Use）：
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 22 Page 323, 324
Avena sativa Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 79. 1753.
燕麦 yan mai | Poaceae | Avena
Annual. Culms solitary or tufted, erect, 40–180 cm tall, unbranched. Leaf sheaths usually glabrous; leaf blades 15–30 cm, 4–10 mm wide, glabrous, margins sometimes scaberulous; ligule 3–6 mm. Panicle loose and open or contracted, 20–40 cm, nodding; branches spreading or contracted. Spikelets 2–3 cm, florets 2(or 3); rachilla ± glabrous, straight, not disarticulating or fracturing irregularly at maturity, florets lacking a basal bearded callus, internodes short, less than 0.5 mm; glumes lanceolate, subequal, as long as spikelet, 7–9-veined; lemmas 1.2–2.5 cm, leathery in lower half, herbaceous and distinctly veined above, glabrous or nearly so, apex minutely and irregularly 2–4-denticulate; awn 2.5–3.5 cm, weakly geniculate or rudimentary or absent. Grain adherent to lemma and palea at maturity. 2n = 42.
Widely cultivated in China [of cultivated origin].
This species is cultivated as a cereal crop (oats) in north-temperate regions of the world, and also as a green fodder crop. Genetic evidence points to Avena sterilis as the wild ancestor of A. sativa, and A. fatua as a weedy derivative. Hybrids between A. sativa and A. fatua with hairy florets or well-developed awns may occur where the two species grow together.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）：Avena sativa Linn.
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：铃当麦，香麦
异名（Synonym）：Avena byzantina K. Koch Avena hybrida Peterm. ex Reichenb. p.p. Avena fatua var. sativa (L.) Hausskn. Avena sativa var. orientalis (Schreb.) Alef. Avena sativa var. praegravis E.Krause Avena polonica Schwägr. ex Schmalh. Avena sativa var. setulosa (Thell.) Parodi Avena sativa var. macrathera (Thell.) Parodi Avena glabrata Hausm. Avena mutata Samp. Avena fatua subsp. sativa (L.) Thell. Avena byzantina var. thellungiana (Malzev) Tab.Morais Avena orientalis f. flavescens Peterm. Avena sativa var. macrantha Hack. Avena sativa var. pilosa (Koeler) Tab.Morais Avena sterilis var. thellungiana Malzev Avena sativa var. flavescens (Peterm.) Sóo Avena sativa var. fuscoatra (Peterm.) Sóo Avena fatua var. microtricha Malzev Avena fatua subsp. macrantha (Hack.) Malzev Avena fatua var. glaberrima (Thell.) Malzev Avena fatua var. macrotricha Malzev Avena praecoqua Litv. Avena fatua var. pilifera Malzev Avena fatua subsp. praegravis (E.L.Krause) Malzev Avena fatua subsp. nodipilosa Malzev Avena praecocioides Litv. Avena sativa subsp. contracta (Neilr.) Celak. Avena mutica Krock. Avena agraria var. mutica Brot. Avena sativa var. contracta Neilr. Avena fatua f. setulosa Thell. Avena fatua f. brachytricha Thell. Avena sterilis f. pseudosativa Thell. Avena trabutiana Thell. Avena fatua f. macrathera Thell. Avena fatua f. glaberrima Thell. Avena praegravis (E.L.Krause) Roshev. Avena algeriensis Trab. Avena trisperma Roem. & Schult. Avena sativa var. pilifera (Malzev) Tzvelev Avena sativa subsp. nodipilosa (Malzev) Vasc. Avena tatarica Ard. Avena sativa var. brachytricha (Thell.) Tzvelev Avena sativa var. secunda Alph.Wood Avena sativa var. microtricha (Malzev) Tzvelev Avena dispermis Mill. Avena sexflora Larranaga Avena fatua var. brachytricha (Thell.) Malzev Avena byzantina subsp. pseudosativa (Thell.) E. Morren Avena sativa f. contracta Neilr. Avena orientalis var. flavascens Peterm.
科属（Family & Genus）：禾本科Gramineae燕麦属Avena
形态特征（Description）：小穗含1-2小花；小穗轴近于无毛或疏生短毛，不易断落；第一外稃背部无毛，基盘仅具少数短毛或近于无毛，无芒，或仅背部有1较直的芒，第二外稃无毛，通常无芒。
分布（Distribution）：我国东北、华北、西北、西南及广东、广西和华中等省区多为栽培。谷粒供磨面食用，或作饲料，营养价值很高。
用途（Use）：
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 22 Page 323, 324
Avena sativa Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 79. 1753.
燕麦 yan mai | Poaceae | Avena
Annual. Culms solitary or tufted, erect, 40–180 cm tall, unbranched. Leaf sheaths usually glabrous; leaf blades 15–30 cm, 4–10 mm wide, glabrous, margins sometimes scaberulous; ligule 3–6 mm. Panicle loose and open or contracted, 20–40 cm, nodding; branches spreading or contracted. Spikelets 2–3 cm, florets 2(or 3); rachilla ± glabrous, straight, not disarticulating or fracturing irregularly at maturity, florets lacking a basal bearded callus, internodes short, less than 0.5 mm; glumes lanceolate, subequal, as long as spikelet, 7–9-veined; lemmas 1.2–2.5 cm, leathery in lower half, herbaceous and distinctly veined above, glabrous or nearly so, apex minutely and irregularly 2–4-denticulate; awn 2.5–3.5 cm, weakly geniculate or rudimentary or absent. Grain adherent to lemma and palea at maturity. 2n = 42.
Widely cultivated in China [of cultivated origin].
This species is cultivated as a cereal crop (oats) in north-temperate regions of the world, and also as a green fodder crop. Genetic evidence points to Avena sterilis as the wild ancestor of A. sativa, and A. fatua as a weedy derivative. Hybrids between A. sativa and A. fatua with hairy florets or well-developed awns may occur where the two species grow together.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
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