中文名(Chinese Name):豌豆 学名(Scientific Name): Pisum sativum Linn. 英文名(English Common Name):garden pea 别名(Chinese Common Name):荷兰豆 异名(Synonym):Lathyrus oleraceus Lam. 科属(Family & Genus):豆科(Leguminosae)豌豆属 形态特征(Description):一年生攀援草本,高0.5-2米。全株绿色,光滑无毛,被粉霜。叶具小叶4-6片,托叶比小叶大,叶状,心形,下缘具细牙齿。小叶卵圆形,长2-5厘米,宽1-2.5厘米;花于叶腋单生或数朵排列为总状花序;花萼钟状,深5裂,裂片披针形;花冠颜色多样,随品种而异,但多为白色和紫色,雄蕊 (9+1) 两体。子房无毛,花柱扁,内面有髯毛。荚果肿胀,长椭圆形,长2.5-10厘米,宽0.7-14厘米,顶端斜急尖,背部近于伸直,内侧有坚硬纸质的内皮;种子2-10颗,圆形,青绿色,有皱纹或无,干后变为黄色。花期6-7月,果期7-9月。 分布(Distribution): 用途(Use):种子及嫩荚、嫩苗均可食用;种子含淀粉、油脂,可作药用,有强壮、利尿、*止泻之效;茎叶能清凉解暑,并作绿肥、饲料或燃料。 引自植物志英文版:FOC Vol. 10 Page 577 Pisum sativum Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 727. 1753. 豌豆 wan dou | Fabaceae | Pisum Pisum arvense Linnaeus; P. sativum subsp. arvense (Linnaeus) Ascherson & Graebner; P. sativum var. arvense (Linnaeus) Poiret. Herbs annual, 0.5-2 m tall, glabrous. Stem climbing. Leaves: stipules to 10 × 6 cm, margin toothed; leaflets ovate, 2-7 × 1-4 cm. Raceme 1-3-flowered. Corolla variable in color, usually white and/or purple, 15-35 mm. Ovary glabrous; style flat. Legume 2.5-12 × 1-2.5 cm. Seeds 2-10. Fl. Feb-Sep, fr. Feb-Sep. 2n = 14. Cultivated, sometimes persisting as a relic or escape from cultivation; sea level to 3800 m. Throughout China [cultivated in temperate regions worldwide; of cultivated origin]. The seeds (peas) are edible, as are the young legumes of some cultivars (snow pea, mange-tout). (责任编辑:徐晔春) |