水稻Oryza sativa
中文名（Chinese Name）：水稻
学名（Scientific Name）：Oryza sativa L.
英文名（English Common Name）：rice
别名（Chinese Common Name）：糯、粳
异名（Synonym）：Oryza formosana Masam. et S. Suzuki Oryza sativa var. fatua Prain Oryza denudata Steud. Oryza mutica Steud. Oryza marginata Steud. Oryza pumila Steud. Oryza sorghoidea Steud. Oryza pubescens Steud. Oryza rubribarbis (Desv.) Steud. Oryza elongata Steud. Oryza nepalensis G.Don ex Steud. Oryza sativa var. savannae Körn. Oryza repens Buch.-Ham. ex Steud. Oryza segetalis Russell ex Steud. Oryza sativa var. rubribarbis Desv. Oryza sativa var. plena Prain Oryza palustris Salisb. Oryza perennis Moench Oryza glutinosa Lour. Oryza praecox Lour. Oryza communissima Lour. Oryza plena (Prain) N.P.Chowdhury Oryza sativa var. denudata Desv. Oryza sativa var. glutinosa (Lour.) K?rn. Oryza sorghoides Desv. ex Steud. Oryza emarginata Desv. ex Steud. Oryza sativa f. elongata Kanevs.
科属（Family & Genus）：禾本科（Gramineae）稻属
形态特征（Description）：一年生水生草本。秆直立，高0.5-1.5米，随品种而异。叶鞘松弛，无毛；叶舌披针形，长10-25厘米，两侧基部下延长成叶鞘边缘，具2枚镰形抱茎的叶耳；叶片线状披针形，长40厘米左右，宽约1厘米，无毛，粗糙。圆锥花序大型疏展，长约30厘米，分枝多，棱粗糙，成熟期向下弯垂；小穗含1成熟花，两侧甚压扁，长圆状卵形至椭圆形，长约10毫米，宽2-4毫米；颖极小，仅在小穗柄先端留下半月形的痕迹，退化外稃2枚，锥刺状，长2-4毫米；两侧孕性花外稃质厚，具5脉，中脉成脊，表面有方格状小乳状突起，厚纸质，遍布细毛端毛较密，有芒或无芒；内稃与外稃同质，具3脉，先端尖而无喙；雄蕊6枚，花药长2-3毫米。颖果长约5毫米，宽约2毫米，厚约1-1.5毫米；胚比小，约为颖果长的1/4。
分布（Distribution）：我国南北均有栽培，品种繁多。
用途（Use）：
引自中国植物志英文版FOC Vol. 22 Page 182, 183, 184
Oryza sativa Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 333. 1753.
稻 dao| Poaceae | Oryza
Oryza formosana Masamune & Suzuki; O. sativa var. formosana (Masamune & Suzuki) Yeh & Henderson.
Annual, aquatic, tufted. Culms erect, rooting at lower submerged nodes, 0.5–1.5 m tall. Leaf sheaths slightly inflated below, upper sheaths tight, glabrous, auricles falcate, ciliate; leaf blades 25–60 × 0.5–2 cm, glabrous, smooth or scabrid on both sides, margins scabrid, apex acuminate; ligule 10–40 mm. Panicle loosely contracted, up to 30 cm, nodding at maturity; branches 1–3 at lowest node, longest 2–12 cm, axils bearded or glabrous. Spikelets oblong to oblong-lanceolate, 7–10 mm, length 2–3.5 times width, persistent; sterile lemmas lanceolate, 1.5–4 mm, apex acuminate; fertile lemma papillose, spinulose, apex acuminate; awn very variable, slender or stout, up to 60 mm or more, scaberulous, sometimes absent. Anthers 1–3 mm. Caryopsis ovate or elliptic to cylindrical, 5–7 mm, whitish yellow to brown or blackish. 2n = 24.
Cultivated, mainly in flooded fields. Throughout most of China [domesticated in SE Asia].
This is the staple cereal rice, widely cultivated in tropical and warm-temperate parts of the world, and with many different cultivated races. It has the AA genome, and where Oryza rufipogon occurs as a weed in rice fields, intermediates may occur.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）：Oryza sativa L.
英文名（English Common Name）：rice
别名（Chinese Common Name）：糯、粳
异名（Synonym）：Oryza formosana Masam. et S. Suzuki Oryza sativa var. fatua Prain Oryza denudata Steud. Oryza mutica Steud. Oryza marginata Steud. Oryza pumila Steud. Oryza sorghoidea Steud. Oryza pubescens Steud. Oryza rubribarbis (Desv.) Steud. Oryza elongata Steud. Oryza nepalensis G.Don ex Steud. Oryza sativa var. savannae Körn. Oryza repens Buch.-Ham. ex Steud. Oryza segetalis Russell ex Steud. Oryza sativa var. rubribarbis Desv. Oryza sativa var. plena Prain Oryza palustris Salisb. Oryza perennis Moench Oryza glutinosa Lour. Oryza praecox Lour. Oryza communissima Lour. Oryza plena (Prain) N.P.Chowdhury Oryza sativa var. denudata Desv. Oryza sativa var. glutinosa (Lour.) K?rn. Oryza sorghoides Desv. ex Steud. Oryza emarginata Desv. ex Steud. Oryza sativa f. elongata Kanevs.
科属（Family & Genus）：禾本科（Gramineae）稻属
形态特征（Description）：一年生水生草本。秆直立，高0.5-1.5米，随品种而异。叶鞘松弛，无毛；叶舌披针形，长10-25厘米，两侧基部下延长成叶鞘边缘，具2枚镰形抱茎的叶耳；叶片线状披针形，长40厘米左右，宽约1厘米，无毛，粗糙。圆锥花序大型疏展，长约30厘米，分枝多，棱粗糙，成熟期向下弯垂；小穗含1成熟花，两侧甚压扁，长圆状卵形至椭圆形，长约10毫米，宽2-4毫米；颖极小，仅在小穗柄先端留下半月形的痕迹，退化外稃2枚，锥刺状，长2-4毫米；两侧孕性花外稃质厚，具5脉，中脉成脊，表面有方格状小乳状突起，厚纸质，遍布细毛端毛较密，有芒或无芒；内稃与外稃同质，具3脉，先端尖而无喙；雄蕊6枚，花药长2-3毫米。颖果长约5毫米，宽约2毫米，厚约1-1.5毫米；胚比小，约为颖果长的1/4。
分布（Distribution）：我国南北均有栽培，品种繁多。
用途（Use）：
引自中国植物志英文版FOC Vol. 22 Page 182, 183, 184
Oryza sativa Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 333. 1753.
稻 dao| Poaceae | Oryza
Oryza formosana Masamune & Suzuki; O. sativa var. formosana (Masamune & Suzuki) Yeh & Henderson.
Annual, aquatic, tufted. Culms erect, rooting at lower submerged nodes, 0.5–1.5 m tall. Leaf sheaths slightly inflated below, upper sheaths tight, glabrous, auricles falcate, ciliate; leaf blades 25–60 × 0.5–2 cm, glabrous, smooth or scabrid on both sides, margins scabrid, apex acuminate; ligule 10–40 mm. Panicle loosely contracted, up to 30 cm, nodding at maturity; branches 1–3 at lowest node, longest 2–12 cm, axils bearded or glabrous. Spikelets oblong to oblong-lanceolate, 7–10 mm, length 2–3.5 times width, persistent; sterile lemmas lanceolate, 1.5–4 mm, apex acuminate; fertile lemma papillose, spinulose, apex acuminate; awn very variable, slender or stout, up to 60 mm or more, scaberulous, sometimes absent. Anthers 1–3 mm. Caryopsis ovate or elliptic to cylindrical, 5–7 mm, whitish yellow to brown or blackish. 2n = 24.
Cultivated, mainly in flooded fields. Throughout most of China [domesticated in SE Asia].
This is the staple cereal rice, widely cultivated in tropical and warm-temperate parts of the world, and with many different cultivated races. It has the AA genome, and where Oryza rufipogon occurs as a weed in rice fields, intermediates may occur.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
踩一下[0]
顶一下[2]