中文名（Chinese Name）：紫背菜
学名（Scientific Name）：Gynura bicolor (Roxb. ex Willd.) DC.
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：红凤菜、红背菜
异名（Synonym）：Cacalia bilolor Roxb. ex Willd.  Senecio moluccanus Roxb.
科属（Family & Genus）：菊科（Compositae）菊三七属
形态特征（Description）：多年生草本，高50-100厘米，全株无毛。茎直立，柔软，基部稍木质，上部有伞房状分枝，干时有条棱。叶具柄或近无柄。叶片倒卵形或倒披针形，稀长圆状披针形，长5-10厘米，宽2.5-4厘米，顶端尖或渐尖，基部楔状渐狭成具翅的叶柄，或近无柄而多少扩大，但不形成叶耳。边缘有不规则的波状齿或小尖齿，稀近基部羽状浅裂，侧脉7-9对，弧状上弯，上面绿色，下面干时变紫色，两面无毛；上部和分枝上的叶小，披针形至线状披针形，具短柄或近无柄。头状花序多数直径10毫米，在茎、枝端排列成疏伞房状；花序梗细，长3-4厘米，有1-2（3)丝状苞片。总苞狭钟状，长11-15毫米，宽8-10毫米，基部有7-9个线形小苞片；总苞片1层，约13个，线状披针形或线形，长11-15毫米，宽0.9-1.5(2)毫米，顶端尖或渐尖，边缘干膜质，背面具3条明显的肋，无毛。小花橙黄色至红色，花冠明显伸出总苞，长13-15毫米，管部细，长10-12毫米；裂片卵状三角形；花药基部圆形，或稍尖；花柱分枝钻形，被乳头状毛。瘦果圆柱形，淡褐色，长约4毫米，具10-15肋，无毛；冠毛丰富，白色，绢毛状，易脱落。花果期5-10月。
分布（Distribution）：产云南、贵州、四川、广西、广东及台湾等地，生于海拔600-1500米的林下、岩石上或河边湿地。东南亚及日本也有。
用途（Use）：
引自中国植物志英文版FOC Vol. 20-21 Page 538, 540
Gynura bicolor (Roxburgh ex Willdenow) Candolle, Prodr. 6: 299. 1838.
红凤菜 hong feng cai| Asteraceae  | Gynura
Cacalia bicolor Roxburgh ex Willdenow, Sp. Pl. 3: 1731. 1803.
Herbs, perennial. Stems erect, 50-100 cm tall, glabrous, flaccid, rather woody at base, corymbosely branched in upper part, striate when dry. Leaves petiolate or subsessile; blade abaxially becoming purplish when dry, adaxially green, obovate or oblanceolate, rarely oblong-lanceolate, both surfaces glabrous, lateral veins 7-9-paired, curved, base gradually attenuate into winged petioles or subsessile, ± expanded, but not auriculate, margin irregularly repand-dentate or mucronulate, rarely pinnatifid near base. Upper leaves shortly petiolate or subsessile, lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, small. Capitula numerous, ca. 10 mm in diam., in terminal lax corymbs; peduncles 3-4 cm, slender, with 1 or 2(or 3) filiform bracts. Involucres campanulate, 11-15 × 8-10 mm; bracts of calyculus 7-9, linear; phyllaries 13, linear-lanceolate, 11-15 × 0.9-1.5(-2) mm, glabrous, conspicuously 3-ribbed, margin scarious, apically acute or acuminate. Florets orange to reddish; corolla distinctly exceeding involucres, 13-15 mm; tube 10-12 mm, slender; lobes ovate-triangular. Anthers rounded at base, or slightly acute. Style branch tips subulate, papillose. Achenes brownish, cylindric, ca. 4 mm, glabrous, 10-15-ribbed. Pappus white, silky, easily deciduous. Fl. May-Oct.
Forests on slopes, rocky or wet places by rivers; 600-1500 m. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Sichuan, Taiwan, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Myanmar, Thailand; widely cultivated in gardens].
（责任编辑：徐晔春）