多枝柽柳Tamarix ramosissima
中文名（Chinese Name）：多枝柽柳
学名（Scientific Name）：Tamarix ramosissima Ledeb.
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：红柳
异名（Synonym）：Tamarix pentandra Pall. Tamarix altaica Nied. Tamarix eversmannii C. Presl ex Bunge Tamarix odessana Steven ex Bunge
科属（Family & Genus）：柽柳科Tamaricaceae柽柳属Tamarix
形态特征（Description）：灌木或小乔木状，高1-3（-6）米，老杆和老枝的树皮暗灰色，当年生木质化的生长枝淡红或橙黄色，长而直伸，有分枝，第二年生枝则颜色渐变淡。木质化生长枝上的叶披针形，基部短，半抱茎，微下延；绿色营养枝上的叶短卵圆形或三角状心脏形，长2-5毫米，急尖，略向内倾，几抱茎，下延。总状花序生在当年生枝顶，集成顶生圆锥花序，长3-5厘米，或较长，长6-8厘米，或较短，长0.5-1.5厘米，宽3-5毫米，总花梗长0.2-1厘米；苞片披针形，卵状披针形或条状钻形，卵状长圆形，渐尖，长1.5-2 (-2.8 )毫米，与花萼等长或超过花萼（包括花梗）；花梗长0.5-0.7毫米，短于或等于花萼；花5数；花萼长0.5-1毫米，萼片广椭圆状卵形或卵形，渐尖或钝，内面三片比外面二片宽，长0.5-0.7毫米，宽0.3-0.5毫米，边缘窄膜质，有不规则的齿牙，无龙骨；花瓣粉红色或紫色，倒卵形至阔椭圆状倒卵形，顶端微缺（弯），长1-1.7毫米，宽0.7-1毫米，比花萼长1/3，直伸，靠合，形成闭合的酒杯状花冠，果时宿存；花盘5裂，裂片顶端有或大或小的凹缺；雄蕊5，与花冠等长，或超出花冠1.5倍，花丝基部不变宽，着生在花盘裂片间边缘略下方，花药钝或在顶端具钝突起；子房锥形瓶状具三棱，花柱3，棍棒状，为子房长的1/3-1/4。蒴果三棱圆锥形瓶状，长3-5毫米，比花萼长3-4倍。花期5-9月。
分布（Distribution）：产西藏西部、新疆、青海，甘肃、内蒙古和宁夏。生于河漫滩、河谷阶地上，沙质和粘土质盐碱化的平原上，沙丘上，每集沙成为风植沙滩。东欧、苏联、伊朗、阿富汗和蒙古也有分布。
用途（Use）：
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 13 Page 61, 64
Tamarix ramosissima Ledebour, Fl. Altaic. 1: 424. 1829.
多枝柽柳 duo zhi cheng liu | Tamaricaceae | Tamarix
Shrubs or small trees, 1-3(-6) m tall. Old branches dark gray; growing branches of current year ascending, reddish or orange-yellow, long. Leaves of growing branches lanceolate, semiamplexicaul, slightly decurrent; those of vegetative branches broadly ovate-orbicular or triangular-cordate, 2-5 mm, base decurrent, nearly amplexicaul, apex acute. Racemes terminal on branches of current year, clustered into terminal panicles, (0.5-)3-5(-8) cm × 3-5 mm; peduncles 2-10 mm; bracts lanceolate, ovate-lanceolate, linear-subulate, or ovate-oblong, 1.5-2(-2.8) mm, equaling or exceeding calyx, apex acuminate. Pedicels 0.5-0.7 mm, shorter than or ca. as long as calyx. Flowers 5-merous. Calyx 0.5-1 mm; sepals broadly elliptic-ovate or ovate, apex acuminate or obtuse; inner 3 wider than outer 2, 0.5-0.7 × 0.3-0.5 mm, margin narrowly membranous, irregularly dentate, not carinate. Petals pink or purple, obovate to broadly elliptic-obovate, 1-1.7 × 0.7-1 mm, ca. 1/3 longer than calyx, apex emarginate, ascending, contacting each other and forming a cup-shaped corolla, persistent in fruit. Disk 5-lobed; lobes emarginate at apex. Stamens 5, equaling or ca. 1.5 × exceeding corolla; filaments not dilated at base, inserted between disk lobes; anthers obtuse or with obtuse protrusions at apex. Ovary conic, triqueter; styles 3, clavate, 1/4-1/3 as long as ovary. Capsule triqueter, conic, 3-5 mm, 3-4 × as long as calyx. Fl. May-Sep. 2n = 24*.
Riversides, river valleys, sandy or clayey salty plains, sand dunes. Gansu, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Qinghai, Xinjiang, W Xizang [Afghanistan, Mongolia; C and SW Asia, E Europe].
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）：Tamarix ramosissima Ledeb.
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：红柳
异名（Synonym）：Tamarix pentandra Pall. Tamarix altaica Nied. Tamarix eversmannii C. Presl ex Bunge Tamarix odessana Steven ex Bunge
科属（Family & Genus）：柽柳科Tamaricaceae柽柳属Tamarix
形态特征（Description）：灌木或小乔木状，高1-3（-6）米，老杆和老枝的树皮暗灰色，当年生木质化的生长枝淡红或橙黄色，长而直伸，有分枝，第二年生枝则颜色渐变淡。木质化生长枝上的叶披针形，基部短，半抱茎，微下延；绿色营养枝上的叶短卵圆形或三角状心脏形，长2-5毫米，急尖，略向内倾，几抱茎，下延。总状花序生在当年生枝顶，集成顶生圆锥花序，长3-5厘米，或较长，长6-8厘米，或较短，长0.5-1.5厘米，宽3-5毫米，总花梗长0.2-1厘米；苞片披针形，卵状披针形或条状钻形，卵状长圆形，渐尖，长1.5-2 (-2.8 )毫米，与花萼等长或超过花萼（包括花梗）；花梗长0.5-0.7毫米，短于或等于花萼；花5数；花萼长0.5-1毫米，萼片广椭圆状卵形或卵形，渐尖或钝，内面三片比外面二片宽，长0.5-0.7毫米，宽0.3-0.5毫米，边缘窄膜质，有不规则的齿牙，无龙骨；花瓣粉红色或紫色，倒卵形至阔椭圆状倒卵形，顶端微缺（弯），长1-1.7毫米，宽0.7-1毫米，比花萼长1/3，直伸，靠合，形成闭合的酒杯状花冠，果时宿存；花盘5裂，裂片顶端有或大或小的凹缺；雄蕊5，与花冠等长，或超出花冠1.5倍，花丝基部不变宽，着生在花盘裂片间边缘略下方，花药钝或在顶端具钝突起；子房锥形瓶状具三棱，花柱3，棍棒状，为子房长的1/3-1/4。蒴果三棱圆锥形瓶状，长3-5毫米，比花萼长3-4倍。花期5-9月。
分布（Distribution）：产西藏西部、新疆、青海，甘肃、内蒙古和宁夏。生于河漫滩、河谷阶地上，沙质和粘土质盐碱化的平原上，沙丘上，每集沙成为风植沙滩。东欧、苏联、伊朗、阿富汗和蒙古也有分布。
用途（Use）：
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 13 Page 61, 64
Tamarix ramosissima Ledebour, Fl. Altaic. 1: 424. 1829.
多枝柽柳 duo zhi cheng liu | Tamaricaceae | Tamarix
Shrubs or small trees, 1-3(-6) m tall. Old branches dark gray; growing branches of current year ascending, reddish or orange-yellow, long. Leaves of growing branches lanceolate, semiamplexicaul, slightly decurrent; those of vegetative branches broadly ovate-orbicular or triangular-cordate, 2-5 mm, base decurrent, nearly amplexicaul, apex acute. Racemes terminal on branches of current year, clustered into terminal panicles, (0.5-)3-5(-8) cm × 3-5 mm; peduncles 2-10 mm; bracts lanceolate, ovate-lanceolate, linear-subulate, or ovate-oblong, 1.5-2(-2.8) mm, equaling or exceeding calyx, apex acuminate. Pedicels 0.5-0.7 mm, shorter than or ca. as long as calyx. Flowers 5-merous. Calyx 0.5-1 mm; sepals broadly elliptic-ovate or ovate, apex acuminate or obtuse; inner 3 wider than outer 2, 0.5-0.7 × 0.3-0.5 mm, margin narrowly membranous, irregularly dentate, not carinate. Petals pink or purple, obovate to broadly elliptic-obovate, 1-1.7 × 0.7-1 mm, ca. 1/3 longer than calyx, apex emarginate, ascending, contacting each other and forming a cup-shaped corolla, persistent in fruit. Disk 5-lobed; lobes emarginate at apex. Stamens 5, equaling or ca. 1.5 × exceeding corolla; filaments not dilated at base, inserted between disk lobes; anthers obtuse or with obtuse protrusions at apex. Ovary conic, triqueter; styles 3, clavate, 1/4-1/3 as long as ovary. Capsule triqueter, conic, 3-5 mm, 3-4 × as long as calyx. Fl. May-Sep. 2n = 24*.
Riversides, river valleys, sandy or clayey salty plains, sand dunes. Gansu, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Qinghai, Xinjiang, W Xizang [Afghanistan, Mongolia; C and SW Asia, E Europe].
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
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