红缨合耳菊Synotis erythropappa
中文名（Chinese Name）：红缨合耳菊
学名（Scientific Name）：Synotis erythropappa (Bur. et Franch.) C. Jeffrey et Y. L. Chen
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：红毛千里光，红缨尾药菊
异名（Synonym）：Cacalia diantha (Franch.) Hand.-Mazz. Senecio erythropappus Bureau et Franch. Senecio viridiflavus Hand.-Mazz. Senecio glumaceus Dunn Senecio talongensis Franch. Senecio paucinervis Dunn Senecio dianthus Franch. Vernonia mairei H. Lév.
科属（Family & Genus）：菊科Compositae合耳菊属Synotis
形态特征（Description）：多年生具根状茎草本，根状茎木质，直立或斜升，具被绒毛的纤维状根。茎单生或数个，直立或稀横卧，高达100厘米，通常上部有花序枝，下部在花期无叶，被黄褐色柔毛，蛛丝状柔毛或近无毛。叶具长柄，卵形，卵状披针形或长圆状披针形，长10-20厘米，宽2.5-7厘米，顶端渐尖或尾状渐尖，基部心形，近截形，圆形或楔形，边缘具规则密至粗的不等长浅至深锯齿或齿，纸质或薄纸质，上面被疏柔毛至无毛，下面特别沿脉被柔毛至近无毛，羽状脉，侧脉3-5对，弧状斜升，叶脉在下面明显；叶柄长2-6厘米，被疏柔毛或近无毛；上部及分枝上叶较小，狭披针形，具短柄。头状花序具同形小花，无舌状花，极多数在茎枝端和上部叶腋排列成多数宽塔状复圆锥状聚伞花序，具短花序梗或近无梗；花序梗极短，通常具1线形苞片。总苞狭圆柱形，长4-5毫米，宽1-1.5毫米，具外层苞片；苞片3-4，极小；总苞片2-3（-4），线状长圆形，顶端钝，被短柔毛，草质，边缘宽干膜质，外面特别在基部被白色绒毛或柔毛，或无毛。管状花2-3（-4），两性；花冠淡黄色，长7.5-8毫米，管部长2-3毫米，格部漏斗状，伸出总苞；裂片长圆状披针形，长1.5-2毫米，尖。花药长3.5毫米；花药尾部长约为颈部之半；附片卵状披针形，颈部粗，向基部膨大。花柱分枝长1.5-2 毫米，边缘具较长的细乳头状毛，中央的毛不明显。瘦果圆柱形，长3-3.5毫米，被疏柔毛；冠毛污白色至淡红褐色，长3-3.5毫米。花期7-10月。
分布（Distribution）：产西藏东南部、湖北西部、四川、云南。生于林缘或灌丛边、草坡，海拔1500-3900米。
用途（Use）：
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 20-21 Page 491, 501
Synotis erythropappa (Bureau & Franchet) C. Jeffrey & Y. L. Chen, Kew Bull. 39: 324. 1984.
红缨合耳菊 hong ying he er ju | Asteraceae | Synotis
Senecio erythropappus Bureau & Franchet, J. Bot. (Morot) 5: 73. 1891; Cacalia diantha (Franchet) Handel-Mazzetti; S. dianthus Franchet; S. glumaceus Dunn; S. paucinervis Dunn; S. talongensis Franchet; S. viridiflavus Handel-Mazzetti; Vernonia mairei H. Léveillé.
Herbs, rhizomatous. Rhizome woody. Stems solitary or several, erect or rarely decumbent, to 100 cm tall, usually branching in synflorescence, leafless in lower part at anthesis, fulvous pubescent, arachnoid-pubescent, or subglabrous, glabrescent. Leaves long petiolate; petiole 2-6 cm, sparsely pubescent, subglabrescent; blade ovate, ovate-lanceolate, or oblong-lanceolate, 10-20 × 2.5-7 cm, papery or thinly so, abaxially pubescent especially on veins to subglabrous, adaxially sparsely pubescent to glabrous, pinnately veined, lateral veins 6-10, arcuate-ascending, prominent abaxially, base cordate, subtruncate, rounded, or cuneate, margin regularly and closely to coarsely and unequally shallowly to deeply serrate or dentate, apex acuminate or caudate-acuminate. Upper and branch leaves smaller, shortly petiolate, narrowly lanceolate. Capitula homogamous, discoid, very numerous, arranged in terminal and upper axillary, usually abundant, broadly pyramidal compound thyrses, shortly pedunculate or subsessile; peduncles very short, usually with 1 linear bract. Involucres narrowly cylindric, 4-5 × 1-1.5 mm, calyculate; bracts of calyculus 3 or 4, minute; phyllaries 2 or 3(or 4), linear-oblong, herbaceous, sometimes white tomentose or pubescent, especially at base, or glabrous, margin broadly scarious, apically obtuse and puberulent. Ray florets absent. Disk florets (1 or)2 or 3(or 4); corolla pale yellow, 7.5-8 mm, with 2-3 mm tube and long-exserted funnelform limb; lobes oblong-lanceolate, 1.5-2 mm, apically acute. Anthers ca. 3.5 mm; anther tails ca. 0.5 × as long as antheropodia; appendages ovate-lanceolate; antheropodia robust, basally dilated. Style branches 1.5-2 mm, fringed with rather long fine papillae, terminal tuft not distinctive. Achenes 3-3.5 mm, sparsely pubescent. Pappus dirty white to pale reddish brown, ca. 6 mm. Fl. Jul-Oct.
学名（Scientific Name）：Synotis erythropappa (Bur. et Franch.) C. Jeffrey et Y. L. Chen
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：红毛千里光，红缨尾药菊
异名（Synonym）：Cacalia diantha (Franch.) Hand.-Mazz. Senecio erythropappus Bureau et Franch. Senecio viridiflavus Hand.-Mazz. Senecio glumaceus Dunn Senecio talongensis Franch. Senecio paucinervis Dunn Senecio dianthus Franch. Vernonia mairei H. Lév.
科属（Family & Genus）：菊科Compositae合耳菊属Synotis
形态特征（Description）：多年生具根状茎草本，根状茎木质，直立或斜升，具被绒毛的纤维状根。茎单生或数个，直立或稀横卧，高达100厘米，通常上部有花序枝，下部在花期无叶，被黄褐色柔毛，蛛丝状柔毛或近无毛。叶具长柄，卵形，卵状披针形或长圆状披针形，长10-20厘米，宽2.5-7厘米，顶端渐尖或尾状渐尖，基部心形，近截形，圆形或楔形，边缘具规则密至粗的不等长浅至深锯齿或齿，纸质或薄纸质，上面被疏柔毛至无毛，下面特别沿脉被柔毛至近无毛，羽状脉，侧脉3-5对，弧状斜升，叶脉在下面明显；叶柄长2-6厘米，被疏柔毛或近无毛；上部及分枝上叶较小，狭披针形，具短柄。头状花序具同形小花，无舌状花，极多数在茎枝端和上部叶腋排列成多数宽塔状复圆锥状聚伞花序，具短花序梗或近无梗；花序梗极短，通常具1线形苞片。总苞狭圆柱形，长4-5毫米，宽1-1.5毫米，具外层苞片；苞片3-4，极小；总苞片2-3（-4），线状长圆形，顶端钝，被短柔毛，草质，边缘宽干膜质，外面特别在基部被白色绒毛或柔毛，或无毛。管状花2-3（-4），两性；花冠淡黄色，长7.5-8毫米，管部长2-3毫米，格部漏斗状，伸出总苞；裂片长圆状披针形，长1.5-2毫米，尖。花药长3.5毫米；花药尾部长约为颈部之半；附片卵状披针形，颈部粗，向基部膨大。花柱分枝长1.5-2 毫米，边缘具较长的细乳头状毛，中央的毛不明显。瘦果圆柱形，长3-3.5毫米，被疏柔毛；冠毛污白色至淡红褐色，长3-3.5毫米。花期7-10月。
分布（Distribution）：产西藏东南部、湖北西部、四川、云南。生于林缘或灌丛边、草坡，海拔1500-3900米。
用途（Use）：
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 20-21 Page 491, 501
Synotis erythropappa (Bureau & Franchet) C. Jeffrey & Y. L. Chen, Kew Bull. 39: 324. 1984.
红缨合耳菊 hong ying he er ju | Asteraceae | Synotis
Senecio erythropappus Bureau & Franchet, J. Bot. (Morot) 5: 73. 1891; Cacalia diantha (Franchet) Handel-Mazzetti; S. dianthus Franchet; S. glumaceus Dunn; S. paucinervis Dunn; S. talongensis Franchet; S. viridiflavus Handel-Mazzetti; Vernonia mairei H. Léveillé.
Herbs, rhizomatous. Rhizome woody. Stems solitary or several, erect or rarely decumbent, to 100 cm tall, usually branching in synflorescence, leafless in lower part at anthesis, fulvous pubescent, arachnoid-pubescent, or subglabrous, glabrescent. Leaves long petiolate; petiole 2-6 cm, sparsely pubescent, subglabrescent; blade ovate, ovate-lanceolate, or oblong-lanceolate, 10-20 × 2.5-7 cm, papery or thinly so, abaxially pubescent especially on veins to subglabrous, adaxially sparsely pubescent to glabrous, pinnately veined, lateral veins 6-10, arcuate-ascending, prominent abaxially, base cordate, subtruncate, rounded, or cuneate, margin regularly and closely to coarsely and unequally shallowly to deeply serrate or dentate, apex acuminate or caudate-acuminate. Upper and branch leaves smaller, shortly petiolate, narrowly lanceolate. Capitula homogamous, discoid, very numerous, arranged in terminal and upper axillary, usually abundant, broadly pyramidal compound thyrses, shortly pedunculate or subsessile; peduncles very short, usually with 1 linear bract. Involucres narrowly cylindric, 4-5 × 1-1.5 mm, calyculate; bracts of calyculus 3 or 4, minute; phyllaries 2 or 3(or 4), linear-oblong, herbaceous, sometimes white tomentose or pubescent, especially at base, or glabrous, margin broadly scarious, apically obtuse and puberulent. Ray florets absent. Disk florets (1 or)2 or 3(or 4); corolla pale yellow, 7.5-8 mm, with 2-3 mm tube and long-exserted funnelform limb; lobes oblong-lanceolate, 1.5-2 mm, apically acute. Anthers ca. 3.5 mm; anther tails ca. 0.5 × as long as antheropodia; appendages ovate-lanceolate; antheropodia robust, basally dilated. Style branches 1.5-2 mm, fringed with rather long fine papillae, terminal tuft not distinctive. Achenes 3-3.5 mm, sparsely pubescent. Pappus dirty white to pale reddish brown, ca. 6 mm. Fl. Jul-Oct.
- Forests, thicket margins, open grassy places; 1500-3900 m. W Hubei, Sichuan, SE Xizang, Yunnan.
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