犁头叶堇菜 Viola magnifica
中文名（Chinese Name）：梨头叶堇菜
学名（Scientific Name）：Viola magnifica C. J. Wang et X. D. Wang
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：粗齿堇菜
异名（Synonym）：
科属（Family & Genus）：堇菜科（Violaceae）堇菜属
形态特征（Description）：多年生草本，高约28厘米，无地上茎。根状茎粗壮，长1-2.5厘米，粗可达0.5厘米，向下发出多条圆柱状支根及纤维状细根。叶均基生，通常5-7枚，叶片果期较大，三角形、三角状卵形或长卵形，长7-15厘米，宽4-8厘米，在基部处最宽，先端渐尖，基部宽心形或深心形，两侧垂片大而开展，边缘具粗锯齿，齿端钝而稍内曲，上面深绿色，两面无毛或下面沿脉疏生短毛；叶柄长可达20厘米，上部有极窄的翅，无毛；托叶大形，1/2-2/3与叶柄合生，分离部分线形或狭披针形，边缘近全缘或疏生细齿。花未见。蒴果椭圆形，长1.2-2厘米，直径约5毫米，无毛；果梗长4-15厘米，在近中部和中部以下有两枚小苞片；小苞片线形或线状披针形，长7-10毫米；宿存萼片狭卵形，长4-7毫米，基部附属物长3-5毫米，末端齿裂。果期7-9月。
分布（Distribution）：产安徽、浙江、江西、湖北、湖南、四川。生于海拔700-1900米的山坡林下或林缘、谷地的阴湿处。模式标本采自四川城口。
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC | Family List | FOC Vol. 13 | Violaceae | Viola
Viola magnifica C. J. Wang ex X. D. Wang, Acta Bot. Yunnan. 13: 263. 1991.
犁头叶堇菜 li tou ye jin cai
Herbs perennial, acaulescent, ca. 28 cm tall. Rhizome robust, 1-2.5 cm, to 5 mm in diam., producing numerous terete roots and fibrous rootlets. Leaves basal, usually 5-7; stipules large, 1/2-2/3 adnate to petioles, free part linear or narrowly lanceolate, ca. 1.2 cm, margin subentire or remotely denticulate; petiole to 20 cm, very narrowly winged in upper part, glabrous; leaf blade adaxially deep green, triangular, triangular-ovate or narrowly ovate, 7-15 × 4-8 cm, broadest at base, larger at fruiting, both surfaces glabrous, base broadly or deeply cordate, lateral lobes spreading and large, margin distinctly coarsely serrate, teeth obtuse and slightly incurved at apices, apex acuminate. Flowers large, light pink or bluish purple. Sepals narrowly ovate, 4-7 × 2-3.2 mm; basal auricles 3-5 mm, apex deeply dentate. Lateral petals slightly bearded, anterior petal oblong, ca. 1.9 cm (spur included); spur 4-5 mm, 3-3.5 mm in diam. Capsule ellipsoid, 1.2-2 cm, ca. 5 mm in diam., glabrous; fruit stalk 4-15 cm, glabrous, 2-bracteolate near or below middle; bracteoles linear or linear-lanceolate, 7-10 mm. Fl. Mar-Apr, fr. Jul-Oct.
● Forests on mountain slopes, shaded and moist places at forest margins or in valleys; 800-2000 m. Anhui, Chongqing, NW Guizhou, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Zhejiang.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）：Viola magnifica C. J. Wang et X. D. Wang
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：粗齿堇菜
异名（Synonym）：
科属（Family & Genus）：堇菜科（Violaceae）堇菜属
形态特征（Description）：多年生草本，高约28厘米，无地上茎。根状茎粗壮，长1-2.5厘米，粗可达0.5厘米，向下发出多条圆柱状支根及纤维状细根。叶均基生，通常5-7枚，叶片果期较大，三角形、三角状卵形或长卵形，长7-15厘米，宽4-8厘米，在基部处最宽，先端渐尖，基部宽心形或深心形，两侧垂片大而开展，边缘具粗锯齿，齿端钝而稍内曲，上面深绿色，两面无毛或下面沿脉疏生短毛；叶柄长可达20厘米，上部有极窄的翅，无毛；托叶大形，1/2-2/3与叶柄合生，分离部分线形或狭披针形，边缘近全缘或疏生细齿。花未见。蒴果椭圆形，长1.2-2厘米，直径约5毫米，无毛；果梗长4-15厘米，在近中部和中部以下有两枚小苞片；小苞片线形或线状披针形，长7-10毫米；宿存萼片狭卵形，长4-7毫米，基部附属物长3-5毫米，末端齿裂。果期7-9月。
分布（Distribution）：产安徽、浙江、江西、湖北、湖南、四川。生于海拔700-1900米的山坡林下或林缘、谷地的阴湿处。模式标本采自四川城口。
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC | Family List | FOC Vol. 13 | Violaceae | Viola
Viola magnifica C. J. Wang ex X. D. Wang, Acta Bot. Yunnan. 13: 263. 1991.
犁头叶堇菜 li tou ye jin cai
Herbs perennial, acaulescent, ca. 28 cm tall. Rhizome robust, 1-2.5 cm, to 5 mm in diam., producing numerous terete roots and fibrous rootlets. Leaves basal, usually 5-7; stipules large, 1/2-2/3 adnate to petioles, free part linear or narrowly lanceolate, ca. 1.2 cm, margin subentire or remotely denticulate; petiole to 20 cm, very narrowly winged in upper part, glabrous; leaf blade adaxially deep green, triangular, triangular-ovate or narrowly ovate, 7-15 × 4-8 cm, broadest at base, larger at fruiting, both surfaces glabrous, base broadly or deeply cordate, lateral lobes spreading and large, margin distinctly coarsely serrate, teeth obtuse and slightly incurved at apices, apex acuminate. Flowers large, light pink or bluish purple. Sepals narrowly ovate, 4-7 × 2-3.2 mm; basal auricles 3-5 mm, apex deeply dentate. Lateral petals slightly bearded, anterior petal oblong, ca. 1.9 cm (spur included); spur 4-5 mm, 3-3.5 mm in diam. Capsule ellipsoid, 1.2-2 cm, ca. 5 mm in diam., glabrous; fruit stalk 4-15 cm, glabrous, 2-bracteolate near or below middle; bracteoles linear or linear-lanceolate, 7-10 mm. Fl. Mar-Apr, fr. Jul-Oct.
● Forests on mountain slopes, shaded and moist places at forest margins or in valleys; 800-2000 m. Anhui, Chongqing, NW Guizhou, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Zhejiang.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
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