毛蕊花Verbascum thapsus

中文名(Chinese Name):毛蕊花
学名(Scientific Name):Verbascum thapsus Linn.
英文名(English Common Name):common mullein
别名(Chinese Common Name):
异名(Synonym):Leiosandra cuspidata Raf.  Thapsus linnaei Opiz  Thapsus schraderi Opiz
科属(Family & Genus):玄参科(Scrophulariaceae)毛蕊花属
形态特征(Description):二年生草本,高达1.5米,全株被密而厚的浅灰黄色星状毛。基生叶和下部的茎生叶倒披针状矩圆形,基部渐狭成短柄状,长达15厘米,宽达6厘米,边缘具浅圆齿,上部茎生叶逐渐缩小而渐变为矩圆形至卵状矩圆形,基部下延成狭翅。穗状花序圆柱状,长达30厘米,直径达2厘米,结果时还可伸长和变粗,花密集,数朵簇生在一起(至少下部如此),花梗很短;花萼长约7毫米,裂片披针形;花冠黄色,直径1-2厘米;雄蕊5,后方3枚的花丝有毛,前方二枚的花丝无毛,花药基部多少下延而成个字形。蒴果卵形,约与宿存的花萼等长。花期6-8月,果期7-10月。
分布(Distribution):广布于北半球,我国新疆、西藏、云南、四川有分布,生海拔1400-3200米山坡草地、河岸草地。
用途(Use):
引自中国植物志英文版:FOC Vol. 18 Page 5      
Verbascum thapsus Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 177. 1753.
毛蕊花 mao rui hua| Scrophulariaceae  | Verbascum
Biennials to 1.5 m tall, densely with grayish yellow stellate hairs. Basal and lower stem leaves petiolate; leaf blade oblanceolate-oblong, to 15 X 6 cm, margin crenate. Other stem leaves gradually decreasing in size upward, sessile, oblong to ovate-oblong, base decurrent into wings. Spicate panicle cylindric, to 30 X 2 cm, dense. Flowers usually few fascicled. Pedicel short. Calyx ca. 7 mm; lobes lanceolate. Corolla yellow, 1-2 cm in diam. Stamens 5; filaments of anterior 2 stamens glabrous and of posterior 3 pubescent; anther lobes divergent at base. Capsule ovoid, as long as persistent calyx. Fl. Jun-Aug, fr. Jul-Oct.
Grassy areas on mountain slopes, along rivers; 1400-3200 m. Jiangsu, Sichuan, Xinjiang, Xizang, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Asia and Europe, naturalized throughout the Northern Hemisphere].
 毛蕊花Verbascum thapsus

毛蕊花Verbascum thapsus

毛蕊花Verbascum thapsus
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