紫萼蝴蝶草Torenia violacea
中文名（Chinese Name）：紫萼蝴蝶草
学名（Scientific Name）：Torenia violacea (Azaola) Pennell
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：
异名（Synonym）：Mimulus violaceus Azaola ex Blanco Torenia exappendiculata Regel Torenia peduncularis Benth. ex Hook. f. Torenia violacea var. chinensis T. Yamaz.
科属（Family & Genus）：玄参科（Scrophulariaceae）蝴蝶草属
形态特征（Description）：直立或多少外倾，高8-35厘米，自近基部起分枝。叶具长5-20毫米之柄；叶片卵形或长卵形，先端渐尖，基部楔形或多少截形，长2-4厘米，宽1-2厘米，向上逐渐变小，边缘具略带短尖的锯齿，两面疏被柔毛。花具长约1.5厘米之梗，果期梗长可达3厘米，在分枝顶部排成伞形花序或单生叶腋，稀可同时有总状排列的存在；萼矩圆状纺锤形，具5翅，长1.3-1.7厘米，宽0.6-0.8厘米，果期长达2厘米，宽1厘米，翅宽达2.5毫米而略带紫红色，基部圆形，翅几不延，顶部裂成5小齿；花冠长1.5-2.2厘米，其超出萼齿部分仅2-7毫米，淡黄色或白色；上唇多少直立，近于圆形，直径约6毫米；下唇三裂片彼此近于相等，长约3毫米，宽约4毫米，各有1枚蓝紫色斑块，中裂片中央有1黄色斑块，花丝不具附属物。花果期8-11月。
分布（Distribution）：分布于我国华东、华南、西南、华中及台湾，生于海拔200-2000米间之山坡草地、林下、田边及路旁潮湿处。
用途（Use）：
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 18 Page 39
Torenia violacea (Azaola ex Blanco) Pennell, J. Arnold Arbor. 24: 255. 1943.
紫萼蝴蝶草 zi e hu die cao| Scrophulariaceae | Torenia
Mimulus violaceus Azaola ex Blanco, Fl. Filip., ed. 2, 357. 1845; Torenia exappendiculata Regel; T. peduncularis Bentham ex J. D. Hooker; T. violacea var. chinensis T. Yamazaki.
Herbs, 8-35 cm tall. Stems erect or somewhat decumbent, branched near base. Leaves decreasing in size upward; petiole 0.5-2 cm; leaf blade ovate to narrowly ovate, 2-4 X 1-2 cm, villous, base cuneate to somewhat truncate, margin shallowly serrate, apex acuminate. Flowers in terminal fascicles or solitary in leaf axils, rarely in racemes. Pedicel ca. 1.5 cm, to 3 cm in fruit. Calyx purple-red, oblong-fusiform, 1.3-1.7 cm X 6-8 mm, to 2 X 1 cm in fruit, base rounded and slightly decurrent, 5-winged and wings to 2.5 mm wide; lobes 5. Corolla pale yellow or white, 1.5-2.2 cm, exceeding calyx by 1-2 mm; lower lip lobes with a blue patch, center of middle lobe with an additional yellow patch, ca. 3 X 4 mm, subequal; upper lip suberect, suborbicular, ca. 6 mm in diam. Stamens unappendaged. Capsule 1.1-1.4 cm. Seeds yellow, ca. 0.4 mm. Fl. and fr. Aug-Nov.
Grassland on mountain slopes, forests, along trails; 200-2000 m. Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Bhutan, Cambodia, India, Indonesia (Java), Laos, Malaysia, Philippines, Sikkim, Thailand, Vietnam].
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）：Torenia violacea (Azaola) Pennell
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：
异名（Synonym）：Mimulus violaceus Azaola ex Blanco Torenia exappendiculata Regel Torenia peduncularis Benth. ex Hook. f. Torenia violacea var. chinensis T. Yamaz.
科属（Family & Genus）：玄参科（Scrophulariaceae）蝴蝶草属
形态特征（Description）：直立或多少外倾，高8-35厘米，自近基部起分枝。叶具长5-20毫米之柄；叶片卵形或长卵形，先端渐尖，基部楔形或多少截形，长2-4厘米，宽1-2厘米，向上逐渐变小，边缘具略带短尖的锯齿，两面疏被柔毛。花具长约1.5厘米之梗，果期梗长可达3厘米，在分枝顶部排成伞形花序或单生叶腋，稀可同时有总状排列的存在；萼矩圆状纺锤形，具5翅，长1.3-1.7厘米，宽0.6-0.8厘米，果期长达2厘米，宽1厘米，翅宽达2.5毫米而略带紫红色，基部圆形，翅几不延，顶部裂成5小齿；花冠长1.5-2.2厘米，其超出萼齿部分仅2-7毫米，淡黄色或白色；上唇多少直立，近于圆形，直径约6毫米；下唇三裂片彼此近于相等，长约3毫米，宽约4毫米，各有1枚蓝紫色斑块，中裂片中央有1黄色斑块，花丝不具附属物。花果期8-11月。
分布（Distribution）：分布于我国华东、华南、西南、华中及台湾，生于海拔200-2000米间之山坡草地、林下、田边及路旁潮湿处。
用途（Use）：
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 18 Page 39
Torenia violacea (Azaola ex Blanco) Pennell, J. Arnold Arbor. 24: 255. 1943.
紫萼蝴蝶草 zi e hu die cao| Scrophulariaceae | Torenia
Mimulus violaceus Azaola ex Blanco, Fl. Filip., ed. 2, 357. 1845; Torenia exappendiculata Regel; T. peduncularis Bentham ex J. D. Hooker; T. violacea var. chinensis T. Yamazaki.
Herbs, 8-35 cm tall. Stems erect or somewhat decumbent, branched near base. Leaves decreasing in size upward; petiole 0.5-2 cm; leaf blade ovate to narrowly ovate, 2-4 X 1-2 cm, villous, base cuneate to somewhat truncate, margin shallowly serrate, apex acuminate. Flowers in terminal fascicles or solitary in leaf axils, rarely in racemes. Pedicel ca. 1.5 cm, to 3 cm in fruit. Calyx purple-red, oblong-fusiform, 1.3-1.7 cm X 6-8 mm, to 2 X 1 cm in fruit, base rounded and slightly decurrent, 5-winged and wings to 2.5 mm wide; lobes 5. Corolla pale yellow or white, 1.5-2.2 cm, exceeding calyx by 1-2 mm; lower lip lobes with a blue patch, center of middle lobe with an additional yellow patch, ca. 3 X 4 mm, subequal; upper lip suberect, suborbicular, ca. 6 mm in diam. Stamens unappendaged. Capsule 1.1-1.4 cm. Seeds yellow, ca. 0.4 mm. Fl. and fr. Aug-Nov.
Grassland on mountain slopes, forests, along trails; 200-2000 m. Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Bhutan, Cambodia, India, Indonesia (Java), Laos, Malaysia, Philippines, Sikkim, Thailand, Vietnam].
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
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