空心泡Rubus rosifolius
中文名（Chinese Name）：空心泡
学名（Scientific Name）：Rubus rosifolius Sm. ex Baker
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：三月泡、蔷薇莓
异名（Synonym）：Rubus rosaefolius Smith Rubus taiwanianus Matsum. Rubus thunbergii var. glabellus Focke Rubus parvirosifolius Hayata Rubus hirsutus var. glabellus (Focke) Wuzhi Rubus hopingensis Y. C. Liu et F. Y. Lu Rubus glandulosopunctatus Hayata Rubus minusculus H. Lév. et Vaniot Rubus tagallus Cham. et Schltdl. Rubus rosifolius var. polyphyllarius Cardot Rubus commersonii Nakai Rubus comintanus Blanco Rubus commersonii var. simpliciflorus Koidz.
科属（Family & Genus）：蔷薇科（Rosaceae）悬钩子属
形态特征（Description）：直立或攀援灌木，高2-3米；小枝圆柱形，具柔毛或近无毛，常有浅黄色腺点，疏生较直立皮刺。小叶5-7枚，卵状披针形或披针形，长3-5(7）厘米，宽1.5-2厘米，顶端渐尖，基部圆形，两面疏生柔毛，老时几无毛，有浅黄色发亮的腺点，下面沿中脉有稀疏小皮刺，边缘有尖锐缺刻状重锯齿；叶柄长2-3厘米，顶生小叶柄长0.8-1.5厘米，和叶轴均有柔毛和小皮刺，有时近无毛，被浅黄色腺点；托叶卵状披针形或披针形，具柔毛；花常1-2朵，顶生或腋生；花梗长2-3.5 厘米，有较稀或较密柔毛，疏生小皮刺，有时被腺点；花直径2-3厘米；花萼外被柔毛和腺点；萼片披针形或卵状披针形，顶端长尾尖，花后常反折；花瓣长圆形、长倒卵形或近圆形，长1-1.5厘米，宽0.8-1厘米，白色，基部具爪，长于萼片，外面有短柔毛，逐渐脱落；花丝较宽；雌蕊很多，花柱和子房无毛；花托具短柄。果实卵球形或长圆状卵圆形，长1-1.5厘米，红色，有光泽，无毛；核有深窝孔。花期3-5月，果期6-7月。
分布（Distribution）：产江西、湖南、安徽、浙江、福建、台湾、广东、广西、四川、贵州，生海拔达2000米山地杂木林内阴处、草坡或高山腐植质土壤上。东南亚、大洋洲、非洲、马达加斯加也有。
用途（Use）：根、嫩枝及叶入药，味苦、甘、涩，性凉，有清热止咳、止血、祛风湿之效。
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 9 Page 227
Rubus rosifolius Smith, Pl. Icon. Ined. 3: 60. 1791.
空心泡 kong xin pao| Rosaceae | Rubus
Shrubs erect or climbing, 2–3 m tall. Branchlets grayish brown or dark reddish brown, terete, soft hairy or subglabrous, with straight to curved prickles and yellowish glands. Leaves imparipinnate, usually 5–7-foliolate; petiole 2–3 cm, petiolule of terminal leaflet 0.8–1.5 cm, lateral leaflets subsessile, petiolule and rachis with soft hairs and sparse, minute prickles, sometimes subglabrous, with yellowish glands; stipules linear or lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate, 0.8–1.2 cm × 1.5–3.5 mm, sparsely soft hairy; blade of leaflets ovate or ovate-elliptic to lanceolate, 4–7(–10) × 1.5–5 cm, both surfaces pilose, subglabrescent, with yellow glands, abaxially with sparse, minute prickles along midvein, base rounded, margin sharply incised doubly serrate or coarsely doubly serrate, apex acuminate. Inflorescences terminal or in leaf axils, 1- or 2-flowered; bracts linear or lanceolate, 5–9 mm, puberulous. Pedicel (1–)2–3.5 cm, with ± soft hairs and sparse, minute prickles, sometimes glandular. Flowers 2–3(–5) cm in diam. Calyx abaxially soft hairy and glandular; sepals erect before anthesis, reflexed after anthesis, triangular-lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, 0.8–1.2(–1.4) cm × 4–6 mm, apex long caudate. Petals white, oblong, narrowly obovate, or suborbicular, 0.8–1.5 × 0.8–1.2 cm, abaxially shortly hairy, base clawed, apex obtuse. Stamens many, shorter than petals; filaments broad. Pistils to 2 mm, shorter than stamens; ovary glabrous, sometimes glandular; styles glabrous; torus shortly stalked. Aggregate fruit red, ovoid-globose or narrowly obovoid to oblong, 1–1.5 × 0.8–1.2 cm, glabrous, with few glands; pyrenes deeply foveolate. Fl. Mar–May, fr. Jun–Jul. 2n = 14*.
Mixed forests, grassy slopes, roadsides, landslides. Low to medium elevations. Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Japan, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Philippines, Sikkim, Thailand, Vietnam; Africa, Australia].
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）：Rubus rosifolius Sm. ex Baker
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：三月泡、蔷薇莓
异名（Synonym）：Rubus rosaefolius Smith Rubus taiwanianus Matsum. Rubus thunbergii var. glabellus Focke Rubus parvirosifolius Hayata Rubus hirsutus var. glabellus (Focke) Wuzhi Rubus hopingensis Y. C. Liu et F. Y. Lu Rubus glandulosopunctatus Hayata Rubus minusculus H. Lév. et Vaniot Rubus tagallus Cham. et Schltdl. Rubus rosifolius var. polyphyllarius Cardot Rubus commersonii Nakai Rubus comintanus Blanco Rubus commersonii var. simpliciflorus Koidz.
科属（Family & Genus）：蔷薇科（Rosaceae）悬钩子属
形态特征（Description）：直立或攀援灌木，高2-3米；小枝圆柱形，具柔毛或近无毛，常有浅黄色腺点，疏生较直立皮刺。小叶5-7枚，卵状披针形或披针形，长3-5(7）厘米，宽1.5-2厘米，顶端渐尖，基部圆形，两面疏生柔毛，老时几无毛，有浅黄色发亮的腺点，下面沿中脉有稀疏小皮刺，边缘有尖锐缺刻状重锯齿；叶柄长2-3厘米，顶生小叶柄长0.8-1.5厘米，和叶轴均有柔毛和小皮刺，有时近无毛，被浅黄色腺点；托叶卵状披针形或披针形，具柔毛；花常1-2朵，顶生或腋生；花梗长2-3.5 厘米，有较稀或较密柔毛，疏生小皮刺，有时被腺点；花直径2-3厘米；花萼外被柔毛和腺点；萼片披针形或卵状披针形，顶端长尾尖，花后常反折；花瓣长圆形、长倒卵形或近圆形，长1-1.5厘米，宽0.8-1厘米，白色，基部具爪，长于萼片，外面有短柔毛，逐渐脱落；花丝较宽；雌蕊很多，花柱和子房无毛；花托具短柄。果实卵球形或长圆状卵圆形，长1-1.5厘米，红色，有光泽，无毛；核有深窝孔。花期3-5月，果期6-7月。
分布（Distribution）：产江西、湖南、安徽、浙江、福建、台湾、广东、广西、四川、贵州，生海拔达2000米山地杂木林内阴处、草坡或高山腐植质土壤上。东南亚、大洋洲、非洲、马达加斯加也有。
用途（Use）：根、嫩枝及叶入药，味苦、甘、涩，性凉，有清热止咳、止血、祛风湿之效。
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 9 Page 227
Rubus rosifolius Smith, Pl. Icon. Ined. 3: 60. 1791.
空心泡 kong xin pao| Rosaceae | Rubus
Shrubs erect or climbing, 2–3 m tall. Branchlets grayish brown or dark reddish brown, terete, soft hairy or subglabrous, with straight to curved prickles and yellowish glands. Leaves imparipinnate, usually 5–7-foliolate; petiole 2–3 cm, petiolule of terminal leaflet 0.8–1.5 cm, lateral leaflets subsessile, petiolule and rachis with soft hairs and sparse, minute prickles, sometimes subglabrous, with yellowish glands; stipules linear or lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate, 0.8–1.2 cm × 1.5–3.5 mm, sparsely soft hairy; blade of leaflets ovate or ovate-elliptic to lanceolate, 4–7(–10) × 1.5–5 cm, both surfaces pilose, subglabrescent, with yellow glands, abaxially with sparse, minute prickles along midvein, base rounded, margin sharply incised doubly serrate or coarsely doubly serrate, apex acuminate. Inflorescences terminal or in leaf axils, 1- or 2-flowered; bracts linear or lanceolate, 5–9 mm, puberulous. Pedicel (1–)2–3.5 cm, with ± soft hairs and sparse, minute prickles, sometimes glandular. Flowers 2–3(–5) cm in diam. Calyx abaxially soft hairy and glandular; sepals erect before anthesis, reflexed after anthesis, triangular-lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, 0.8–1.2(–1.4) cm × 4–6 mm, apex long caudate. Petals white, oblong, narrowly obovate, or suborbicular, 0.8–1.5 × 0.8–1.2 cm, abaxially shortly hairy, base clawed, apex obtuse. Stamens many, shorter than petals; filaments broad. Pistils to 2 mm, shorter than stamens; ovary glabrous, sometimes glandular; styles glabrous; torus shortly stalked. Aggregate fruit red, ovoid-globose or narrowly obovoid to oblong, 1–1.5 × 0.8–1.2 cm, glabrous, with few glands; pyrenes deeply foveolate. Fl. Mar–May, fr. Jun–Jul. 2n = 14*.
Mixed forests, grassy slopes, roadsides, landslides. Low to medium elevations. Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Japan, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Philippines, Sikkim, Thailand, Vietnam; Africa, Australia].
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
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