三叶委陵菜Potentilla freyniana
中文名（Chinese Name）：三叶委陵菜
学名（Scientific Name）：Potentilla freyniana Bornm.
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：
异名（Synonym）：Potentilla morii Hayata Potentilla fragarioides var. ternata Maxim. Potentilla longepetiolata H. Lév. Potentilla freyniana var. nitens Pamp. Potentilla sutchuenica Cardot
科属（Family & Genus）：蔷薇科（Rosaceae）委陵菜属
形态特征（Description）：多年生草本，有纤匍枝或不明显。根分枝多，簇生。花茎纤细，直立或上升，高8-25厘米，被平铺或开展疏柔毛。基生叶掌状3出复叶，连叶柄长4-30厘米，宽1-4厘米；小叶片长圆形、卵形或椭圆形，顶端急尖或圆钝，基部楔形或宽楔形，边缘有多数急尖锯齿，两面绿色，疏生平铺柔毛，下面沿脉较密；茎生叶I -2，小叶与基生叶小叶相似，唯叶柄很短，叶边锯齿减少；基生叶托叶膜质，褐色，外面被稀疏长柔毛，茎生叶托叶草质，绿色，呈缺刻状锐裂，有稀疏长柔毛。伞房状聚伞花序顶生，多花，松散，花梗纤细，长1-1.5厘米，外被疏柔毛；花直径0.8-1厘米；萼片三角卵形，顶端渐尖，副萼片披针形，顶端渐尖，与萼片近等长，外面被平铺柔毛；花瓣淡黄色，长圆倒卵形，顶端微凹或圆钝；花柱近顶生，上部粗，基部细。成熟瘦果卵球形，直径0.5-1毫米，表面有显著脉纹。花果期3-6月。
分布（Distribution）：产东北、西南、河北、山西、山东、陕西、甘肃、湖北、湖南、浙江、江西、福建。生海拔300-2100米山坡草地、溪边及疏林下阴湿处。俄罗斯、日本和朝鲜也有。
用途（Use）：根或全草入药，清热解毒，止痛止血，对金黄色葡萄球菌有抑制作用。
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 9 Page 326
Potentilla freyniana Bornmüller, Mitth. Thüring. Bot. Vereins. 20: 12. 1904.
三叶委陵菜 san ye wei ling cai| Rosaceae | Potentilla
Herbs perennial, with slender or inconspicuous stolons. Roots much branched, tufted. Flowering stems slender, erect or ascending, 8–25 cm tall, together with petioles spreading pilose or densely spreading villous. Radical leaves 4–30 × 1–4 cm including petiole; stipules brown, membranous, abaxially sparsely villous; leaf blade 3-foliolate; leaflets green on both surfaces, oblong, elliptic, ovate, broadly ovate, or rhombic-ovate, both surfaces appressed to spreading pilose, abaxially more densely so on veins, base cuneate or broadly so, margin acutely many serrate or obtusely crenate, apex obtuse or acute; cauline leaves 1 or 2; stipules green, herbaceous, sparsely villous, apex acutely incised serrate, entire, or very rarely 2-fid; leaflets resembling those of radical leaves but very shortly petiolulate and margin less serrate. Inflorescence terminal, laxly corymbose-cymose, many flowered. Flowers 0.8–1 cm in diam.; pedicel slender, 1–1.5 cm, pilose. Sepals triangular-ovate, apex acuminate; epicalyx segments lanceolate, nearly equaling sepals, abaxially appressed pilose, apex acuminate. Petals pale yellow, oblong-obovate, apex emarginate or rounded. Style subterminal, thin at base, thickened distally. Mature achenes ovoid, 0.5–1 mm in diam., markedly rugose. Fl. and fr. Mar.–Jun.
Grassy and damp places in forests, meadows on mountain slopes, stream sides; 300--2100 m. Anhui, Fujian, Gansu, Guizhou, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Japan, Korea, Russia].
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）：Potentilla freyniana Bornm.
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：
异名（Synonym）：Potentilla morii Hayata Potentilla fragarioides var. ternata Maxim. Potentilla longepetiolata H. Lév. Potentilla freyniana var. nitens Pamp. Potentilla sutchuenica Cardot
科属（Family & Genus）：蔷薇科（Rosaceae）委陵菜属
形态特征（Description）：多年生草本，有纤匍枝或不明显。根分枝多，簇生。花茎纤细，直立或上升，高8-25厘米，被平铺或开展疏柔毛。基生叶掌状3出复叶，连叶柄长4-30厘米，宽1-4厘米；小叶片长圆形、卵形或椭圆形，顶端急尖或圆钝，基部楔形或宽楔形，边缘有多数急尖锯齿，两面绿色，疏生平铺柔毛，下面沿脉较密；茎生叶I -2，小叶与基生叶小叶相似，唯叶柄很短，叶边锯齿减少；基生叶托叶膜质，褐色，外面被稀疏长柔毛，茎生叶托叶草质，绿色，呈缺刻状锐裂，有稀疏长柔毛。伞房状聚伞花序顶生，多花，松散，花梗纤细，长1-1.5厘米，外被疏柔毛；花直径0.8-1厘米；萼片三角卵形，顶端渐尖，副萼片披针形，顶端渐尖，与萼片近等长，外面被平铺柔毛；花瓣淡黄色，长圆倒卵形，顶端微凹或圆钝；花柱近顶生，上部粗，基部细。成熟瘦果卵球形，直径0.5-1毫米，表面有显著脉纹。花果期3-6月。
分布（Distribution）：产东北、西南、河北、山西、山东、陕西、甘肃、湖北、湖南、浙江、江西、福建。生海拔300-2100米山坡草地、溪边及疏林下阴湿处。俄罗斯、日本和朝鲜也有。
用途（Use）：根或全草入药，清热解毒，止痛止血，对金黄色葡萄球菌有抑制作用。
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 9 Page 326
Potentilla freyniana Bornmüller, Mitth. Thüring. Bot. Vereins. 20: 12. 1904.
三叶委陵菜 san ye wei ling cai| Rosaceae | Potentilla
Herbs perennial, with slender or inconspicuous stolons. Roots much branched, tufted. Flowering stems slender, erect or ascending, 8–25 cm tall, together with petioles spreading pilose or densely spreading villous. Radical leaves 4–30 × 1–4 cm including petiole; stipules brown, membranous, abaxially sparsely villous; leaf blade 3-foliolate; leaflets green on both surfaces, oblong, elliptic, ovate, broadly ovate, or rhombic-ovate, both surfaces appressed to spreading pilose, abaxially more densely so on veins, base cuneate or broadly so, margin acutely many serrate or obtusely crenate, apex obtuse or acute; cauline leaves 1 or 2; stipules green, herbaceous, sparsely villous, apex acutely incised serrate, entire, or very rarely 2-fid; leaflets resembling those of radical leaves but very shortly petiolulate and margin less serrate. Inflorescence terminal, laxly corymbose-cymose, many flowered. Flowers 0.8–1 cm in diam.; pedicel slender, 1–1.5 cm, pilose. Sepals triangular-ovate, apex acuminate; epicalyx segments lanceolate, nearly equaling sepals, abaxially appressed pilose, apex acuminate. Petals pale yellow, oblong-obovate, apex emarginate or rounded. Style subterminal, thin at base, thickened distally. Mature achenes ovoid, 0.5–1 mm in diam., markedly rugose. Fl. and fr. Mar.–Jun.
Grassy and damp places in forests, meadows on mountain slopes, stream sides; 300--2100 m. Anhui, Fujian, Gansu, Guizhou, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Japan, Korea, Russia].
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
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