露兜树Pandanus tectorius
中文名（Chinese Name）：露兜树
学名（Scientific Name）：Pandanus tectorius Parkinson ex Zucc.
英文名（English Common Name）：Tahitian screwpine
别名（Chinese Common Name）：露兜簕、林投
异名（Synonym）：Pandanus tectorius var. sinensis Warb. Pandanus odoratissimus var. sinensis (Warb.) Kaneh. Pandanus taepa (F.Br.) H.St.John Pandanus minysocephalus H.St.John Pandanus jonesii (F.Br.) H.St.John Pandanus savaiensis (Martelli) H.St.John Pandanus saipanensis Kaneh. Pandanus sabotan Blanco Pandanus sanderi Sander Pandanus samak Hassk. Pandanus seruaensis H.St.John Pandanus smithii H.St.John Pandanus sinuvadosus H.St.John Pandanus pulposus (Warb.) Martelli Pandanus pyriformis (Martelli) H.St.John Pandanus ponapensis Martelli Pandanus prismaticus Martelli Pandanus pseudomenne Hosok. Pandanus rhizophorensis H.St.John Pandanus rhombocarpus Kaneh. Pandanus rotensis Hosok. Pandanus rotundatus Kaneh. Pandanus rockii Martelli Pandanus raivavaensis Martelli Pandanus repens Miq. Pandanus rectangulatus Kaneh. Pandanus volkensii Kaneh. Pandanus viridinsularis H.St.John Pandanus utiyamae Kaneh. Pandanus variegatus Miq. Pandanus veitchii Mast. Pandanus yorkensis H.St.John Pandanus temehaniensis J.W.Moore Pandanus tahitensis Martelli Pandanus tamaruensis J.W.Moore Pandanus terrireginae H.St.John Pandanus stradbrookeensis H.St.John Pandanus subcubicus H.St.John Pandanus subhumerosus H.St.John Pandanus suvaensis (Martelli) H.St.John Pandanus subradiatus H.St.John Pandanus tessellatus Martelli Pandanus tubuaiensis Martelli Pandanus tolotomensis Glassman Pandanus tomilensis Kaneh. Pandanus trukensis Kaneh. Pandanus fahina H.St.John Pandanus houmaensis H.St.John Pandanus oblaticonvexus H.St.John Pandanus tongaensis H.St.John Pandanus palmyraensis H.St.John Pandanus aequor H.St.John Pandanus glomerosus H.St.John Pandanus cacuminatus H.St.John Pandanus drakei H.St.John Pandanus faramaa H.St.John Pandanus absonus H.St.John Pandanus divaricatus H.St.John Pandanus boraboraensis H.St.John Pandanus tritosphaericus H.St.John Pandanus tapeinos H.St.John Pandanus complanatus H.St.John Pandanus aitutakiensis H.St.John Pandanus raiateaensis H.St.John Pandanus otemanuensis H.St.John Pandanus pachys H.St.John Pandanus meetiaensis H.St.John Pandanus arapepe H.St.John Pandanus tahaaensis H.St.John Pandanus metius H.St.John Pandanus tupaiensis H.St.John Pandanus mooreaensis H.St.John Pandanus orarius H.St.John Pandanus uea H.St.John Pandanus crassus H.St.John Pandanus akiakiensis H.St.John Pandanus edwinii H.St.John Pandanus takaroaensis H.St.John Pandanus bathys H.St.John Pandanus christophersenii H.St.John Pandanus vahitahiensis H.St.John Pandanus viri H.St.John Pandanus timoeensis H.St.John Pandanus trapaneus H.St.John Pandanus asauensis H.St.John Pandanus tikeiensis H.St.John Pandanus prolixus H.St.John Pandanus raroiaensis H.St.John Pandanus elevatus H.St.John Pandanus makateaensis H.St.John Pandanus cymatilis H.St.John Pandanus dotyi H.St.John Pandanus filiciatilis H.St.John Pandanus tima H.St.John Pandanus horneinsularum H.St.John Pandanus subaequalis H.St.John Pandanus anisos H.St.John Pandanus futunaensis H.St.John Pandanus fatuhivaensis H.St.John Pandanus hivaoaensis H.St.John Pandanus angulosus H.St.John Pandanus haapaiensis H.St.John Pandanus cooperi (Martelli) H.St.John Pandanus marquesasensis H.St.John Pandanus grantii H.St.John Pandanus inarmatus H.St.John Pandanus intralaevis H.St.John Pandanus ater H.St.John Pandanus yunckeri H.St.John Pandanus notialis H.St.John Pandanus rikiteaensis H.St.John Pandanus amplexus H.St.John Pandanus bassus H.St.John Pandanus collatus H.St.John Pandanus inflexus H.St.John Pandanus laculatus H.St.John Pandanus licinus H.St.John Pandanus paogo H.St.John Pandanus motuensis H.St.John Pandanus planus H.St.John Pandanus pusillus H.St.John Pandanus radiatus H.St.John Pandanus rimataraensis H.St.John Pandanus rurutuensis H.St.John Pandanus saltuarius H.St.John Pandanus virginalis H.St.John Pandanus mariaensis H.St.John Pandanus taravaiensis H.St.John Pandanus apionops H.St.John Pandanus gambierensis H.St.John Pandanus infundibuliformis H.St.John Pandanus limitaris H.St.John Pandanus mangarevaensis H.St.John Pandanus bicurvatus H.St.John Pandanus sinuosus H.St.John Pandanus alloios H.St.John Pandanus adscendens H.St.John Pandanus vandra H.St.John Pandanus brownii H.St.John Pandanus bothreus H.St.John Pandanus brachypodus Kaneh. Pandanus bowenensis H.St.John Pandanus chamissonis Gaudich. Pandanus charancanus Kaneh. Pandanus chelyon H.St.John Pandanus blakei H.St.John Pandanus angulatus H.St.John Pandanus aoraiensis H.St.John Pandanus bergmanii F.Br. Pandanus baptistii Misonne Pandanus laticanaliculatus Kaneh. Pandanus lauensis H.St.John Pandanus malatensis Blanco Pandanus matukuensis H.St.John Pandanus longifolius H.L.Wendl. Pandanus macfarlanei Martelli Pandanus macrocephalus Kaneh. Pandanus intraconicus H.St.John Pandanus jaluitensis Kaneh. Pandanus impar H.St.John Pandanus kafu Martelli Pandanus koidzumii Hosok. Pandanus korrensis Kaneh. Pandanus kraussii H.St.John Pandanus kusaiensis Kaneh. Pandanus lakatwa Kaneh. Pandanus lambasaensis H.St.John Pandanus kamptos H.St.John Pandanus papenooensis H.St.John Pandanus palkilensis Hosok. Pandanus parksii H.St.John Pandanus papeariensis Martelli Pandanus parhamii H.St.John Pandanus pansus H.St.John Pandanus okamotoi Kaneh. Pandanus onoilauensis H.St.John Pandanus ovalauensis H.St.John Pandanus politus Martelli Pandanus patulior H.St.John Pandanus pedunculatus R.Br. Pandanus menne Kaneh. Pandanus menziesii Gaudich. Pandanus oblatiapicalis H.St.John Pandanus obliquus Kaneh. Pandanus odontoides Hosok. Pandanus mbalawa H.St.John Pandanus nandiensis H.St.John Pandanus decorus K.Koch Pandanus fragrans Gaudich. Pandanus insularis Kaneh. Pandanus guamensis Martelli Pandanus duriocarpus Martelli Pandanus duriocarpoides Kaneh. Pandanus enchabiensis Kaneh. Pandanus distinctus Martelli Pandanus divergens Kaneh. Pandanus douglasii Gaudich. Pandanus drolletianus Martelli Pandanus fischerianus Martelli Pandanus fatyanion (Kaneh.) Hosok. Pandanus dilatatus Kaneh. Pandanus feruliferus H.St.John Pandanus eyesyes Kaneh. Pandanus dicheres H.St.John Pandanus erythrophloeus Kaneh. Pandanus extralittoralis H.St.John Pandanus coronatus Martelli Pandanus hosokawae Kaneh. Pandanus heronensis H.St.John Pandanus cylindricus Kaneh. Pandanus citraceus H.St.John Pandanus crassiaculeatus H.St.John Pandanus hosinoi Kaneh. Pandanus hubbardii H.St.John Pandanus vangeertii auct. Pandanus carolinensis Martelli Pandanus discolor auct. Corypha laevis (Lour.) A.Chev. Pandanus tectorius var. exiguus (J.W.Moore) B.C.Stone Pandanus pedunculatus var. malagunensis B.C.Stone Pandanus tectorius f. convexus B.C.Stone Pandanus tectorius var. drolletianus (Martelli) B.C.Stone Pandanus tectorius var. incrassatus B.C.Stone Pandanus pedunculatus var. rendovensis B.C.Stone Pandanus tectorius var. tubuaiensis (Martelli) B.C.Stone Pandanus pedunculatus var. insularis B.C.Stone Pandanus tectorius var. stradbrookensis (H.St.John) B.C.Stone Pandanus tectorius var. oahuensis (Martelli) B.C.Stone Pandanus tectorius var. heronensis (H.St.John) B.C.Stone Pandanus tectorius var. laevigatus (Martelli) B.C.Stone Pandanus tectorius var. yorkensis (H.St.John) B.C.Stone Pandanus tectorius var. cocosensis B.C.Stone Pandanus tectorius var. australianus Martelli Pandanus tectorius var. pedunculatus (R.Br.) Domin Pandanus odoratissimus var. suvaensis Martelli Pandanus odoratissimus var. setchellii Martelli Pandanus odoratissimus var. pyriformis Martelli Pandanus odoratissimus var. parksii Martelli Pandanus odoratissimus f. major Martelli Pandanus cylindricus var. sinnau Kaneh. Pandanus odoratissimus var. laevigatus Martelli Pandanus tectorius var. laevis Warb. Pandanus odoratissimus var. spurius Willd. Pandanus tectorius var. sandvicensis Warb. Pandanus tectorius var. samak (Hassk.) Warb. Pandanus tectorius var. pulposus Warb. Pandanus tahitensis var. niueana B.C.Stone Pandanus tahitensis var. exiguus J.W.Moore Pandanus tectorius var. parksii (Martelli) J.W.Moore Pandanus tectorius var. taepa F.Br. Pandanus tectorius var. uapensis F.Br. Pandanus tectorius var. jonesii F.Br. Pandanus tectorius var. ferreus Y.Kimura Pandanus tectorius f. laevis (Warb.) Masam. Pandanus tectorius var. brongniartii Martelli Pandanus pulposus var. cooperi Martelli Pandanus coronatus f. minor Martelli Pandanus odoratissimus var. savaiensis (Martelli) Martelli Pandanus odoratissimus var. laevis (Warb.) Pandanus tectorius var. savaiensis Martelli Pandanus tectorius var. microcephalus Martelli Pandanus fischerianus var. bryanii B.C.Stone Pandanus spurius var. weteringii Martelli Pandanus tectorius var. chamissonis (Gaudich.) Martelli Pandanus tectorius var. douglasii (Gaudich.) Martelli Pandanus tectorius f. philippinensis Martelli Pandanus tectorius var. fragrans Martelli Pandanus tectorius var. javanicus Martelli Pandanus tectorius var. menziesii (Gaudich.) Martelli Pandanus tectorius var. novocaledonicus Martelli Pandanus tectorius var. novoguineensis Martelli Pandanus odoratissimus var. oahuensis Martelli Pandanus tectorius var. spiralis Martelli Pandanus tectorius var. suringaensis Martelli Pandanus tectorius var. sumbavensis Martelli Pandanus tectorius var. timorensis Martelli Pandanus tectorius var. zollingeri Martelli Pandanus laticanaliculatus var. edulis Kaneh. Pandanus tectorius var. angaurensis Kaneh. Pandanus tectorius var. fatyanion Kaneh. Pandanus tectorius var. ongor Kaneh. Pandanus tectorius var. acutus Kaneh. Pandanus fischerianus var. rockii (Martelli) B.C.Stone Pandanus fischerianus var. cooperi (Martelli) B.C.Stone Pandanus fischerianus f. bergmanii (F.Br.) B.C.Stone Pandanus fischerianus f. bryanii B.C.Stone Pandanus fischerianus f. compressus B.C.Stone Pandanus tectorius var. sanderi (Sander) B.C.Stone Pandanus tectorius var. setchellii (Martelli) B.C. Stone
科属（Family & Genus）：露兜树科（Pandanaceae）露兜树属
形态特征（Description）：常绿分枝灌木或小乔木，常左右扭曲，具多分枝或不分枝的气根。叶簇生于枝顶，三行紧密螺旋状排列，条形，长达80厘米，宽4厘米，先端渐狭成一长尾尖，叶缘和背面中脉均有粗壮的锐刺。雄花序由若干穗状花序组成，每一穗状花序长约5厘米；佛焰苞长披针形，长10-26厘米，宽1.5-4厘米，近白色，先端渐尖，边缘和背面隆起的中脉上具细锯齿；雄花芳香，雄蕊常为10余枚，多可达25枚，着生于长达9毫米的花丝束上，呈总状排列，分离花丝长约1毫米，花药条形，长3毫米，宽0.6毫米，基着药，药基心形，药隔顶端延长的小尖头长1-1.5毫米；雌花序头状，单生于枝顶，圆球形；佛焰苞多枚，乳白色，长15-30厘米，宽1.4-2.5厘米，边缘具疏密相间的细锯齿，心皮5-12枚合为一束，中下部联合，上部分离，子房上位，5-12室，每室有1颗胚珠。聚花果大，向下悬垂，由40-80个核果束组成，圆球形或长圆形，长达17厘米，直径约15厘米，幼果绿色，成熟时桔红色；核果束倒圆锥形，高约5厘米，直径约3厘米，宿存柱头稍凸起呈乳头状、耳状或马蹄状。花期1-5月。
分布（Distribution）：产福建、台湾、广东、海南、广西、贵州和云南等省区，生于海边沙地或引种作绿篱。亚洲热带、澳大利亚也有。
用途（Use）：叶纤维可编制蓆、帽等工艺品；嫩芽可食；根与果实入药，有治感冒发热、肾炎、水肿、腰腿痛、疝气痛等功效；鲜花可提取芳香油。
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 23 Page 128, 129, 130
Pandanus tectorius Parkinson, J. Voy. South Seas. 46. 1773.
露兜树 lu dou shu| Pandanaceae | Pandanus
Pandanus fascicularis Lamarck; P. odoratissimus Linnaeus f. var. sinensis (Warburg) Kanehira; P. remotus H. St. John; P. sinensis (Warburg) Martelli; P. tectorius var. sinensis Warburg.
Trees or shrubs, 3-10 m. Stems erect or ascending, many branched, non-suckering; prop roots present or absent; numerous aerial roots often present. Leaves green, often glaucous abaxially, linear-ensiform, to 180 × 10 cm, spinose-serrate on margin and midvein abaxially, apex abruptly long acuminate. Male inflorescence to 60 cm, pedunculate, paniculately compound with ultimate spiciform branches; spathes 13-18, white, narrowly lanceolate, 10-60 × 1.5-4 cm, serrate on margin and midvein; spikes pendulous, 8-20 mm; stamens 10(-25), racemosely fasciculate; filaments connate below, 1-3 mm; anthers linear, ca. 3 × 0.6 mm, connective mucronate. Female inflorescence capitate, solitary, globose to ovoid-ellipsoid, 10-25 cm; spathes numerous, white, 15-30 × 1.4-2.5 cm, margin serrate; ovule 1 per locule. Syncarp pendulous, globose or cylindric, to 17 × 15 cm; phalanges 40-80 per aggregate-head, each phalange comprising 4-12 fused obconic carpels connate below and free above, fragrant, yellow to orange to yellowish brown from base to apex, 4-10 × 1-6.5 cm; carpel apices distinct, flattened or angled, tuberculate; persistent stigma subsessile, slightly protruded. Fl. Jan-May, fr. Oct.
Seashores, sandy beaches. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Taiwan, Yunnan [SE Asia, tropical Australia, Pacific islands (Polynesia)].
Pandanus tectorius sometimes is used as a living fence, and the leaves are used for weaving.
According to FRPS (8: 20. 1992), Pandanus tectorius var. sinensis (a variety not accepted in this treatment on the authority of Stone, Fl. Cambodge, Laos & Vietnam 20: 24. 1983) occurs on seaside beaches in Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, and Taiwan and differs from the typical variety in having leaves narrower, attenuate into a long flagelliform apex, to 15 cm; ovary (4 or)5- or 6(or 7)-locular; and syncarp smaller, globose, ca. 8 × 8 cm, consisting of 50-60 phalanges, each phalange ca. 2.5 × 2 cm. Stone (loc. cit.) considered P. tectorius var. sinensis, with phalanges ca. 3.5 × 4 cm, to be a synonym of P. odoratissimus, with phalanges 3-8 × 2.5-4.5 cm. The correct name of this taxon has long been controversial (see Martelli, "Pandanus odoratissimus" o "Pandanus tectorius"? Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital., n.s. 36: 329-337. 1929). Stone (Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 97: 36-38. 1988) reinstated P. tectorius, reversing his former acceptance of P. odoratissimus (Fl. Cambodge, Laos & Vietnam 20: 23. 1983). The type specimen of P. remotus, a name synonymized by Stone (loc. cit.: 24), is from Hong Kong (Shek O).
Stone (Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 97: 46-47. 1988) noted that there are "variegated-leaf mutants of P. tectorius, known in horticulture variously as P. sanderi and P. veitchii. ..... (which can back-mutate to all green leaf forms)." The mutant (cultivar) P. sanderi Masters is cultivated as an ornamental in Hong Kong (see Check List Hong Kong Pl. 297. 2002). Its leaves have yellow or golden longitudinal marginal stripes. Pandanus veitchii Masters & T. Moore is cultivated at the Taiwan Forestry Research Institute. Its leaves have white or silvery marginal stripes.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）：Pandanus tectorius Parkinson ex Zucc.
英文名（English Common Name）：Tahitian screwpine
别名（Chinese Common Name）：露兜簕、林投
异名（Synonym）：Pandanus tectorius var. sinensis Warb. Pandanus odoratissimus var. sinensis (Warb.) Kaneh. Pandanus taepa (F.Br.) H.St.John Pandanus minysocephalus H.St.John Pandanus jonesii (F.Br.) H.St.John Pandanus savaiensis (Martelli) H.St.John Pandanus saipanensis Kaneh. Pandanus sabotan Blanco Pandanus sanderi Sander Pandanus samak Hassk. Pandanus seruaensis H.St.John Pandanus smithii H.St.John Pandanus sinuvadosus H.St.John Pandanus pulposus (Warb.) Martelli Pandanus pyriformis (Martelli) H.St.John Pandanus ponapensis Martelli Pandanus prismaticus Martelli Pandanus pseudomenne Hosok. Pandanus rhizophorensis H.St.John Pandanus rhombocarpus Kaneh. Pandanus rotensis Hosok. Pandanus rotundatus Kaneh. Pandanus rockii Martelli Pandanus raivavaensis Martelli Pandanus repens Miq. Pandanus rectangulatus Kaneh. Pandanus volkensii Kaneh. Pandanus viridinsularis H.St.John Pandanus utiyamae Kaneh. Pandanus variegatus Miq. Pandanus veitchii Mast. Pandanus yorkensis H.St.John Pandanus temehaniensis J.W.Moore Pandanus tahitensis Martelli Pandanus tamaruensis J.W.Moore Pandanus terrireginae H.St.John Pandanus stradbrookeensis H.St.John Pandanus subcubicus H.St.John Pandanus subhumerosus H.St.John Pandanus suvaensis (Martelli) H.St.John Pandanus subradiatus H.St.John Pandanus tessellatus Martelli Pandanus tubuaiensis Martelli Pandanus tolotomensis Glassman Pandanus tomilensis Kaneh. Pandanus trukensis Kaneh. Pandanus fahina H.St.John Pandanus houmaensis H.St.John Pandanus oblaticonvexus H.St.John Pandanus tongaensis H.St.John Pandanus palmyraensis H.St.John Pandanus aequor H.St.John Pandanus glomerosus H.St.John Pandanus cacuminatus H.St.John Pandanus drakei H.St.John Pandanus faramaa H.St.John Pandanus absonus H.St.John Pandanus divaricatus H.St.John Pandanus boraboraensis H.St.John Pandanus tritosphaericus H.St.John Pandanus tapeinos H.St.John Pandanus complanatus H.St.John Pandanus aitutakiensis H.St.John Pandanus raiateaensis H.St.John Pandanus otemanuensis H.St.John Pandanus pachys H.St.John Pandanus meetiaensis H.St.John Pandanus arapepe H.St.John Pandanus tahaaensis H.St.John Pandanus metius H.St.John Pandanus tupaiensis H.St.John Pandanus mooreaensis H.St.John Pandanus orarius H.St.John Pandanus uea H.St.John Pandanus crassus H.St.John Pandanus akiakiensis H.St.John Pandanus edwinii H.St.John Pandanus takaroaensis H.St.John Pandanus bathys H.St.John Pandanus christophersenii H.St.John Pandanus vahitahiensis H.St.John Pandanus viri H.St.John Pandanus timoeensis H.St.John Pandanus trapaneus H.St.John Pandanus asauensis H.St.John Pandanus tikeiensis H.St.John Pandanus prolixus H.St.John Pandanus raroiaensis H.St.John Pandanus elevatus H.St.John Pandanus makateaensis H.St.John Pandanus cymatilis H.St.John Pandanus dotyi H.St.John Pandanus filiciatilis H.St.John Pandanus tima H.St.John Pandanus horneinsularum H.St.John Pandanus subaequalis H.St.John Pandanus anisos H.St.John Pandanus futunaensis H.St.John Pandanus fatuhivaensis H.St.John Pandanus hivaoaensis H.St.John Pandanus angulosus H.St.John Pandanus haapaiensis H.St.John Pandanus cooperi (Martelli) H.St.John Pandanus marquesasensis H.St.John Pandanus grantii H.St.John Pandanus inarmatus H.St.John Pandanus intralaevis H.St.John Pandanus ater H.St.John Pandanus yunckeri H.St.John Pandanus notialis H.St.John Pandanus rikiteaensis H.St.John Pandanus amplexus H.St.John Pandanus bassus H.St.John Pandanus collatus H.St.John Pandanus inflexus H.St.John Pandanus laculatus H.St.John Pandanus licinus H.St.John Pandanus paogo H.St.John Pandanus motuensis H.St.John Pandanus planus H.St.John Pandanus pusillus H.St.John Pandanus radiatus H.St.John Pandanus rimataraensis H.St.John Pandanus rurutuensis H.St.John Pandanus saltuarius H.St.John Pandanus virginalis H.St.John Pandanus mariaensis H.St.John Pandanus taravaiensis H.St.John Pandanus apionops H.St.John Pandanus gambierensis H.St.John Pandanus infundibuliformis H.St.John Pandanus limitaris H.St.John Pandanus mangarevaensis H.St.John Pandanus bicurvatus H.St.John Pandanus sinuosus H.St.John Pandanus alloios H.St.John Pandanus adscendens H.St.John Pandanus vandra H.St.John Pandanus brownii H.St.John Pandanus bothreus H.St.John Pandanus brachypodus Kaneh. Pandanus bowenensis H.St.John Pandanus chamissonis Gaudich. Pandanus charancanus Kaneh. Pandanus chelyon H.St.John Pandanus blakei H.St.John Pandanus angulatus H.St.John Pandanus aoraiensis H.St.John Pandanus bergmanii F.Br. Pandanus baptistii Misonne Pandanus laticanaliculatus Kaneh. Pandanus lauensis H.St.John Pandanus malatensis Blanco Pandanus matukuensis H.St.John Pandanus longifolius H.L.Wendl. Pandanus macfarlanei Martelli Pandanus macrocephalus Kaneh. Pandanus intraconicus H.St.John Pandanus jaluitensis Kaneh. Pandanus impar H.St.John Pandanus kafu Martelli Pandanus koidzumii Hosok. Pandanus korrensis Kaneh. Pandanus kraussii H.St.John Pandanus kusaiensis Kaneh. Pandanus lakatwa Kaneh. Pandanus lambasaensis H.St.John Pandanus kamptos H.St.John Pandanus papenooensis H.St.John Pandanus palkilensis Hosok. Pandanus parksii H.St.John Pandanus papeariensis Martelli Pandanus parhamii H.St.John Pandanus pansus H.St.John Pandanus okamotoi Kaneh. Pandanus onoilauensis H.St.John Pandanus ovalauensis H.St.John Pandanus politus Martelli Pandanus patulior H.St.John Pandanus pedunculatus R.Br. Pandanus menne Kaneh. Pandanus menziesii Gaudich. Pandanus oblatiapicalis H.St.John Pandanus obliquus Kaneh. Pandanus odontoides Hosok. Pandanus mbalawa H.St.John Pandanus nandiensis H.St.John Pandanus decorus K.Koch Pandanus fragrans Gaudich. Pandanus insularis Kaneh. Pandanus guamensis Martelli Pandanus duriocarpus Martelli Pandanus duriocarpoides Kaneh. Pandanus enchabiensis Kaneh. Pandanus distinctus Martelli Pandanus divergens Kaneh. Pandanus douglasii Gaudich. Pandanus drolletianus Martelli Pandanus fischerianus Martelli Pandanus fatyanion (Kaneh.) Hosok. Pandanus dilatatus Kaneh. Pandanus feruliferus H.St.John Pandanus eyesyes Kaneh. Pandanus dicheres H.St.John Pandanus erythrophloeus Kaneh. Pandanus extralittoralis H.St.John Pandanus coronatus Martelli Pandanus hosokawae Kaneh. Pandanus heronensis H.St.John Pandanus cylindricus Kaneh. Pandanus citraceus H.St.John Pandanus crassiaculeatus H.St.John Pandanus hosinoi Kaneh. Pandanus hubbardii H.St.John Pandanus vangeertii auct. Pandanus carolinensis Martelli Pandanus discolor auct. Corypha laevis (Lour.) A.Chev. Pandanus tectorius var. exiguus (J.W.Moore) B.C.Stone Pandanus pedunculatus var. malagunensis B.C.Stone Pandanus tectorius f. convexus B.C.Stone Pandanus tectorius var. drolletianus (Martelli) B.C.Stone Pandanus tectorius var. incrassatus B.C.Stone Pandanus pedunculatus var. rendovensis B.C.Stone Pandanus tectorius var. tubuaiensis (Martelli) B.C.Stone Pandanus pedunculatus var. insularis B.C.Stone Pandanus tectorius var. stradbrookensis (H.St.John) B.C.Stone Pandanus tectorius var. oahuensis (Martelli) B.C.Stone Pandanus tectorius var. heronensis (H.St.John) B.C.Stone Pandanus tectorius var. laevigatus (Martelli) B.C.Stone Pandanus tectorius var. yorkensis (H.St.John) B.C.Stone Pandanus tectorius var. cocosensis B.C.Stone Pandanus tectorius var. australianus Martelli Pandanus tectorius var. pedunculatus (R.Br.) Domin Pandanus odoratissimus var. suvaensis Martelli Pandanus odoratissimus var. setchellii Martelli Pandanus odoratissimus var. pyriformis Martelli Pandanus odoratissimus var. parksii Martelli Pandanus odoratissimus f. major Martelli Pandanus cylindricus var. sinnau Kaneh. Pandanus odoratissimus var. laevigatus Martelli Pandanus tectorius var. laevis Warb. Pandanus odoratissimus var. spurius Willd. Pandanus tectorius var. sandvicensis Warb. Pandanus tectorius var. samak (Hassk.) Warb. Pandanus tectorius var. pulposus Warb. Pandanus tahitensis var. niueana B.C.Stone Pandanus tahitensis var. exiguus J.W.Moore Pandanus tectorius var. parksii (Martelli) J.W.Moore Pandanus tectorius var. taepa F.Br. Pandanus tectorius var. uapensis F.Br. Pandanus tectorius var. jonesii F.Br. Pandanus tectorius var. ferreus Y.Kimura Pandanus tectorius f. laevis (Warb.) Masam. Pandanus tectorius var. brongniartii Martelli Pandanus pulposus var. cooperi Martelli Pandanus coronatus f. minor Martelli Pandanus odoratissimus var. savaiensis (Martelli) Martelli Pandanus odoratissimus var. laevis (Warb.) Pandanus tectorius var. savaiensis Martelli Pandanus tectorius var. microcephalus Martelli Pandanus fischerianus var. bryanii B.C.Stone Pandanus spurius var. weteringii Martelli Pandanus tectorius var. chamissonis (Gaudich.) Martelli Pandanus tectorius var. douglasii (Gaudich.) Martelli Pandanus tectorius f. philippinensis Martelli Pandanus tectorius var. fragrans Martelli Pandanus tectorius var. javanicus Martelli Pandanus tectorius var. menziesii (Gaudich.) Martelli Pandanus tectorius var. novocaledonicus Martelli Pandanus tectorius var. novoguineensis Martelli Pandanus odoratissimus var. oahuensis Martelli Pandanus tectorius var. spiralis Martelli Pandanus tectorius var. suringaensis Martelli Pandanus tectorius var. sumbavensis Martelli Pandanus tectorius var. timorensis Martelli Pandanus tectorius var. zollingeri Martelli Pandanus laticanaliculatus var. edulis Kaneh. Pandanus tectorius var. angaurensis Kaneh. Pandanus tectorius var. fatyanion Kaneh. Pandanus tectorius var. ongor Kaneh. Pandanus tectorius var. acutus Kaneh. Pandanus fischerianus var. rockii (Martelli) B.C.Stone Pandanus fischerianus var. cooperi (Martelli) B.C.Stone Pandanus fischerianus f. bergmanii (F.Br.) B.C.Stone Pandanus fischerianus f. bryanii B.C.Stone Pandanus fischerianus f. compressus B.C.Stone Pandanus tectorius var. sanderi (Sander) B.C.Stone Pandanus tectorius var. setchellii (Martelli) B.C. Stone
科属（Family & Genus）：露兜树科（Pandanaceae）露兜树属
形态特征（Description）：常绿分枝灌木或小乔木，常左右扭曲，具多分枝或不分枝的气根。叶簇生于枝顶，三行紧密螺旋状排列，条形，长达80厘米，宽4厘米，先端渐狭成一长尾尖，叶缘和背面中脉均有粗壮的锐刺。雄花序由若干穗状花序组成，每一穗状花序长约5厘米；佛焰苞长披针形，长10-26厘米，宽1.5-4厘米，近白色，先端渐尖，边缘和背面隆起的中脉上具细锯齿；雄花芳香，雄蕊常为10余枚，多可达25枚，着生于长达9毫米的花丝束上，呈总状排列，分离花丝长约1毫米，花药条形，长3毫米，宽0.6毫米，基着药，药基心形，药隔顶端延长的小尖头长1-1.5毫米；雌花序头状，单生于枝顶，圆球形；佛焰苞多枚，乳白色，长15-30厘米，宽1.4-2.5厘米，边缘具疏密相间的细锯齿，心皮5-12枚合为一束，中下部联合，上部分离，子房上位，5-12室，每室有1颗胚珠。聚花果大，向下悬垂，由40-80个核果束组成，圆球形或长圆形，长达17厘米，直径约15厘米，幼果绿色，成熟时桔红色；核果束倒圆锥形，高约5厘米，直径约3厘米，宿存柱头稍凸起呈乳头状、耳状或马蹄状。花期1-5月。
分布（Distribution）：产福建、台湾、广东、海南、广西、贵州和云南等省区，生于海边沙地或引种作绿篱。亚洲热带、澳大利亚也有。
用途（Use）：叶纤维可编制蓆、帽等工艺品；嫩芽可食；根与果实入药，有治感冒发热、肾炎、水肿、腰腿痛、疝气痛等功效；鲜花可提取芳香油。
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 23 Page 128, 129, 130
Pandanus tectorius Parkinson, J. Voy. South Seas. 46. 1773.
露兜树 lu dou shu| Pandanaceae | Pandanus
Pandanus fascicularis Lamarck; P. odoratissimus Linnaeus f. var. sinensis (Warburg) Kanehira; P. remotus H. St. John; P. sinensis (Warburg) Martelli; P. tectorius var. sinensis Warburg.
Trees or shrubs, 3-10 m. Stems erect or ascending, many branched, non-suckering; prop roots present or absent; numerous aerial roots often present. Leaves green, often glaucous abaxially, linear-ensiform, to 180 × 10 cm, spinose-serrate on margin and midvein abaxially, apex abruptly long acuminate. Male inflorescence to 60 cm, pedunculate, paniculately compound with ultimate spiciform branches; spathes 13-18, white, narrowly lanceolate, 10-60 × 1.5-4 cm, serrate on margin and midvein; spikes pendulous, 8-20 mm; stamens 10(-25), racemosely fasciculate; filaments connate below, 1-3 mm; anthers linear, ca. 3 × 0.6 mm, connective mucronate. Female inflorescence capitate, solitary, globose to ovoid-ellipsoid, 10-25 cm; spathes numerous, white, 15-30 × 1.4-2.5 cm, margin serrate; ovule 1 per locule. Syncarp pendulous, globose or cylindric, to 17 × 15 cm; phalanges 40-80 per aggregate-head, each phalange comprising 4-12 fused obconic carpels connate below and free above, fragrant, yellow to orange to yellowish brown from base to apex, 4-10 × 1-6.5 cm; carpel apices distinct, flattened or angled, tuberculate; persistent stigma subsessile, slightly protruded. Fl. Jan-May, fr. Oct.
Seashores, sandy beaches. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Taiwan, Yunnan [SE Asia, tropical Australia, Pacific islands (Polynesia)].
Pandanus tectorius sometimes is used as a living fence, and the leaves are used for weaving.
According to FRPS (8: 20. 1992), Pandanus tectorius var. sinensis (a variety not accepted in this treatment on the authority of Stone, Fl. Cambodge, Laos & Vietnam 20: 24. 1983) occurs on seaside beaches in Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, and Taiwan and differs from the typical variety in having leaves narrower, attenuate into a long flagelliform apex, to 15 cm; ovary (4 or)5- or 6(or 7)-locular; and syncarp smaller, globose, ca. 8 × 8 cm, consisting of 50-60 phalanges, each phalange ca. 2.5 × 2 cm. Stone (loc. cit.) considered P. tectorius var. sinensis, with phalanges ca. 3.5 × 4 cm, to be a synonym of P. odoratissimus, with phalanges 3-8 × 2.5-4.5 cm. The correct name of this taxon has long been controversial (see Martelli, "Pandanus odoratissimus" o "Pandanus tectorius"? Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital., n.s. 36: 329-337. 1929). Stone (Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 97: 36-38. 1988) reinstated P. tectorius, reversing his former acceptance of P. odoratissimus (Fl. Cambodge, Laos & Vietnam 20: 23. 1983). The type specimen of P. remotus, a name synonymized by Stone (loc. cit.: 24), is from Hong Kong (Shek O).
Stone (Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 97: 46-47. 1988) noted that there are "variegated-leaf mutants of P. tectorius, known in horticulture variously as P. sanderi and P. veitchii. ..... (which can back-mutate to all green leaf forms)." The mutant (cultivar) P. sanderi Masters is cultivated as an ornamental in Hong Kong (see Check List Hong Kong Pl. 297. 2002). Its leaves have yellow or golden longitudinal marginal stripes. Pandanus veitchii Masters & T. Moore is cultivated at the Taiwan Forestry Research Institute. Its leaves have white or silvery marginal stripes.
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