蝙蝠葛Menispermum dauricum

中文名(Chinese Name):蝙蝠葛
学名(Scientific Name):Menispermum dauricum DC.  
英文名(English Common Name):
别名(Chinese Common Name):
异名(Synonym):Menispermum dauricum var. pauciflorum Franch.  Menispermum chinense Kundu & S. Guha  Menispermum dauricum var. pilosum C.K. Schneid.  Menispermum miersii Kundu & S. Guha  Trilophus ampelisagria Fisch.
科属(Family & Genus):防己科(Menispermaceae)蝙蝠葛属
形态特征(Description):草质、落叶藤本,根状茎褐色,垂直生,茎自位于近顶部的侧芽生出,一年生茎纤细,有条纹,无毛。叶纸质或近膜质,轮廓通常为心状扁圆形,长和宽均约3-12厘米,边缘有3-9角或3-9裂,很少近全缘,基部心形至近截平,两面无毛,下面有白粉;掌状脉9-12条,其中向基部伸展的3-5条很纤细,均在背面凸起;叶柄长3-10厘米或稍长,有条纹。圆锥花序单生或有时双生,有细长的总梗,有花数朵至20余朵,花密集成稍疏散,花梗纤细,长5-10毫米;雄花:萼片4-8,膜质,绿黄色,倒披针形至倒卵状椭圆形,长1.4-3.5毫米,自外至内渐大;花瓣6-8或多至9-12片,肉质,凹成兜状,有短爪,长1.5-2.5毫米;雄蕊通常12,有时稍多或较少,长1.5-3毫米;雌花:退化雄蕊6-12,长约1毫米,雌蕊群具长约0.5-1毫米的柄。核果紫黑色;果核宽约10毫米,高约8毫米,基部弯缺深约3毫米。花期6-7月,果期8-9月。
分布(Distribution):产华北、东北及华东等地,常生于路边灌丛或疏林中。日本、朝鲜和俄罗斯也有。
引自中国植物志英文版:FOC Vol. 7 Page 15
Menispermum dauricum Candolle, Syst. Nat. 1: 540. 1817.
蝙蝠葛 bian fu ge | Menispermaceae | Menispermum
Menispermum chinense Kundu & S. Guha; M. dauricum var. pauciflorum Franchet; M. dauricum var. pilosum C. K. Schneider; M. miersii Kundu & S. Guha.
Herbaceous deciduous vines. Neck of rootstock brown, vertical, new stems from subapical buds, slender, striate, usually glabrous. Petiole 3-10[-13.5] cm or slightly longer, striate; leaf blade usually cordate-oblate in outline, usually shallowly 3-9-lobed, 3-12 × 3-12 cm, papery or submembranous, glaucous abaxially, usually glabrous on both surfaces, sometimes abaxially pubescent, base cordate to subtruncate, margin entire, palmately 9-12-veined, 3-5 veins extending to base and slender, all prominent abaxially. Inflorescences paniculate, solitary or paired, 20-flowered with flowers in mostly sessile, sometimes umbel-like fascicles; peduncle slender, 2-17 cm; bracts ± oblong, almost as long as secondary peduncles; pedicels slender, 5-10 mm. Male flowers: sepals 4-8, membranous, greenish yellow, oblanceolate to obovate-elliptic, 1.4-3.5 mm; petals 6-8 or up to 9-12, fleshy, concave, shortly clawed, 1.5-2.5 mm; stamens 12-18, (0.6-)1.5-3 mm, usually longer than sepals. Female flowers: perianth as in male; staminodes 6-12, ca. 1 mm; carpels inserted on a distinct 0.5-1 mm stalk. Drupes purplish black; endocarp broadly crescent-moon-shaped, ca. 10 mm wide and 8 mm high, base sinuate, ca. 3 mm. Fl. Jun-Jul, fr. Aug-Sep.
Shrublands at roadsides, open forests; below 800 m. Anhui, Gansu, Guizhou, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Hubei (Baokang), Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Zhejiang [Japan, Korea, Russia (S Siberia)].
Two recently described species based on single collections from N China (Menispermum chinense) and from Russia (M. miersii) differ only in minor differences of indumentum and other small quantitative characters and do not seem worthy of recognition.
Kundu and Guha (Adansonia n.s. 20: 225. 1998) suggested that Menispermum mexicanum Rose is only varietally distinct from M. dauricum.
Some collections suggest a rhizomatous rootstock.
The specific epithet is often misspelled as "dahuricum."
蝙蝠葛Menispermum dauricum

蝙蝠葛Menispermum dauricum(责任编辑:徐晔春)

顶一下[1]

踩一下[1]