毛棉杜鹃花Rhododendron moulmainense
中文名（Chinese Name）：毛棉杜鹃花
学名（Scientific Name）：Rhododendron moulmainense Hook. f.
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：丝线吊芙蓉、白杜鹃
异名（Synonym）：Rhododendron stenaulum Balf. f. et W. W. Smith Rhododendron siamense Diels Rhododendron oxyphyllum Franch. Rhododendron klossii Ridl. Rhododendron leucobotrys Ridl. Rhododendron pectinatum Hutch.
科属（Family & Genus）：杜鹃花科（Ericaceae） 杜鹃属
形态特征（Description）：灌木或小乔木，高2-4（-8）米；幼枝粗壮，淡紫褐色，无毛，老枝褐色或灰褐色。叶厚革质，集生枝端，近于轮生，长圆状披针形或椭圆状披针形，长5-12厘米，稀达26厘米，宽2.5-8厘米，先端渐尖至短渐尖，基部楔形或宽楔形，边缘反卷，上面深绿色，叶脉凹陷，下面淡黄白色或苍白色，中脉凸出，侧脉于叶缘不连结，两面无毛；叶柄粗壮，长1.5-2.2厘米，无毛。花芽长圆锥状卵形，鳞片阔卵形或长倒卵形，两面无毛或外面近顶部被微柔毛，边缘被柔毛。数伞形花序生枝顶叶腋，每花序有花3-5朵；花梗长1-2厘米，无毛；花萼小，裂片5，波状浅裂，无毛；花冠淡紫色、粉红色或淡红白色，狭漏斗形，长4.5-5.5厘米，5深裂，裂片开展，匙形或长倒卵形，顶端浑圆或微凸起，花冠管长2-2.5厘米，基部直径3-4毫米，向上扩大；雄蕊10，不等长，长4.1-4.7厘米，略比花冠短，花丝扁平，中部以下被银白色糠皮状柔毛；子房长圆筒形，长约1厘米，微具纵沟，深褐色，无毛；花柱稍长过雄蕊，但常比花冠短，无毛。蒴果圆柱状，长3.5-6厘米，直径4-6毫米，先端渐尖，花柱宿存。花期4-5月，果期7-12月。
分布（Distribution）：产江西、福建、湖南、广东、广西、四川、贵州和云南。生于海拔700-1500米的灌丛或疏林中；中南半岛、印度尼西亚也有分布。
用途（Use）：
引自中国植物志英文版FOC Vol. 14 Page 427
Rhododendron moulmainense J. D. Hooker, Bot. Mag. 82: t. 4904. 1856.
毛棉杜鹃 mao mian du juan | Apiaceae | Rhododendron
Rhododendron klossii Ridley; R. leucobotrys Ridley; ?R. nematocalyx I. B. Balfour & W. W. Smith; R. oxyphyllum Franchet; R. pectinatum Hutchinson; R. siamense Diels; R. stenaulum I. B. Balfour & W. W. Smith.
Shrubs or small trees, 3–15 m tall; bark gray-brown, not peeling. Petioles stout, 10–15 mm, glabrous; leaf blade leathery, oblong-lanceolate or elliptic-lanceolate, 5–12 × 2.5–5 cm; base cuneate or broadly cuneate; margin revolute; apex acuminate to acute; both surfaces glabrous; lateral veins not reaching margin. Inflorescence subapical, 2- or 3-flowered. Pedicel 1–2 cm, glabrous; calyx lobes 5, shallowly undulate, small, glabrous; corolla narrowly funnelform, white, with a yellow blotch within, 4.3–5.5 cm, tube 15–20 × 3–4 mm in diam., lobes deeply divided, spreading, oblong-obovate, apex entire and rounded; stamens 10, unequal, 3.5–4 cm, slightly shorter than corolla, filaments flat, with silvery-white scurfy pubescence below middle; ovary long-cylindric, tapering into style, 5–10 mm, dark brown, glabrous; style ca. 5 cm, often shorter than corolla, slightly longer than stamens, glabrous. Capsule cylindric, apex acuminate, 35–60 × 4–6 mm; style persistent. Fl. Mar–Apr, fr. Jul–Dec.
Open forests, thickets; 700–1500 m. S Yunnan [NE India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Thailand].
Rhododendron nematocalyx is said to differ in its larger calyx. However, calyx size is in general extremely variable in this section; it is therefore uncertain whether this entity should be treated as a straight synonym of R. moulmainense or maintained as a variety of it.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）：Rhododendron moulmainense Hook. f.
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：丝线吊芙蓉、白杜鹃
异名（Synonym）：Rhododendron stenaulum Balf. f. et W. W. Smith Rhododendron siamense Diels Rhododendron oxyphyllum Franch. Rhododendron klossii Ridl. Rhododendron leucobotrys Ridl. Rhododendron pectinatum Hutch.
科属（Family & Genus）：杜鹃花科（Ericaceae） 杜鹃属
形态特征（Description）：灌木或小乔木，高2-4（-8）米；幼枝粗壮，淡紫褐色，无毛，老枝褐色或灰褐色。叶厚革质，集生枝端，近于轮生，长圆状披针形或椭圆状披针形，长5-12厘米，稀达26厘米，宽2.5-8厘米，先端渐尖至短渐尖，基部楔形或宽楔形，边缘反卷，上面深绿色，叶脉凹陷，下面淡黄白色或苍白色，中脉凸出，侧脉于叶缘不连结，两面无毛；叶柄粗壮，长1.5-2.2厘米，无毛。花芽长圆锥状卵形，鳞片阔卵形或长倒卵形，两面无毛或外面近顶部被微柔毛，边缘被柔毛。数伞形花序生枝顶叶腋，每花序有花3-5朵；花梗长1-2厘米，无毛；花萼小，裂片5，波状浅裂，无毛；花冠淡紫色、粉红色或淡红白色，狭漏斗形，长4.5-5.5厘米，5深裂，裂片开展，匙形或长倒卵形，顶端浑圆或微凸起，花冠管长2-2.5厘米，基部直径3-4毫米，向上扩大；雄蕊10，不等长，长4.1-4.7厘米，略比花冠短，花丝扁平，中部以下被银白色糠皮状柔毛；子房长圆筒形，长约1厘米，微具纵沟，深褐色，无毛；花柱稍长过雄蕊，但常比花冠短，无毛。蒴果圆柱状，长3.5-6厘米，直径4-6毫米，先端渐尖，花柱宿存。花期4-5月，果期7-12月。
分布（Distribution）：产江西、福建、湖南、广东、广西、四川、贵州和云南。生于海拔700-1500米的灌丛或疏林中；中南半岛、印度尼西亚也有分布。
用途（Use）：
引自中国植物志英文版FOC Vol. 14 Page 427
Rhododendron moulmainense J. D. Hooker, Bot. Mag. 82: t. 4904. 1856.
毛棉杜鹃 mao mian du juan | Apiaceae | Rhododendron
Rhododendron klossii Ridley; R. leucobotrys Ridley; ?R. nematocalyx I. B. Balfour & W. W. Smith; R. oxyphyllum Franchet; R. pectinatum Hutchinson; R. siamense Diels; R. stenaulum I. B. Balfour & W. W. Smith.
Shrubs or small trees, 3–15 m tall; bark gray-brown, not peeling. Petioles stout, 10–15 mm, glabrous; leaf blade leathery, oblong-lanceolate or elliptic-lanceolate, 5–12 × 2.5–5 cm; base cuneate or broadly cuneate; margin revolute; apex acuminate to acute; both surfaces glabrous; lateral veins not reaching margin. Inflorescence subapical, 2- or 3-flowered. Pedicel 1–2 cm, glabrous; calyx lobes 5, shallowly undulate, small, glabrous; corolla narrowly funnelform, white, with a yellow blotch within, 4.3–5.5 cm, tube 15–20 × 3–4 mm in diam., lobes deeply divided, spreading, oblong-obovate, apex entire and rounded; stamens 10, unequal, 3.5–4 cm, slightly shorter than corolla, filaments flat, with silvery-white scurfy pubescence below middle; ovary long-cylindric, tapering into style, 5–10 mm, dark brown, glabrous; style ca. 5 cm, often shorter than corolla, slightly longer than stamens, glabrous. Capsule cylindric, apex acuminate, 35–60 × 4–6 mm; style persistent. Fl. Mar–Apr, fr. Jul–Dec.
Open forests, thickets; 700–1500 m. S Yunnan [NE India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Thailand].
Rhododendron nematocalyx is said to differ in its larger calyx. However, calyx size is in general extremely variable in this section; it is therefore uncertain whether this entity should be treated as a straight synonym of R. moulmainense or maintained as a variety of it.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
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