花莛薹草Carex scaposa
中文名（Chinese Name）：花莛薹草
学名（Scientific Name）：Carex scaposa C. B. Clarke
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：花莛苔草
异名（Synonym）：Carex scaposa var. marantacea Raymond
科属（Family & Genus）：莎草科（Cyperaceae）薹草属
形态特征（Description）：根状茎匍匐，粗壮，木质。秆侧生，高20-80厘米，粗1-3毫米，三棱形，幼时或多或少被短柔毛，基部具淡褐色无叶的鞘。叶基生和秆生；基生叶数枚丛生，长于或短于杆，狭椭圆形、椭圆形、椭圆状披针形、椭圆状倒披针形至椭圆状带形，长10一35厘米，宽2-5厘米，基部渐狭，顶端渐尖，两面光滑或下面粗糙，有3条隆起的脉及多数细脉，有时具隔节；叶柄由不甚明显至长达30厘米，稍扁而对折，无毛，有时具叶基下延所形成的狭翅；秆生叶退化呈佛焰苞状，生于秆的下部或中部以下，褐色 纸质，无毛。苞片与秆生叶同型，但顶端具线形苞叶，通常短于支花序。圆锥花序复出，具3至数枚支花序；支花序圆锥状，轮廓为三角状卵形，长2-3.5厘米，宽1.5-3厘米，单生或双生；支花序柄坚挺，三棱形，长4-8厘米，密被短柔毛；支花序轴锐三棱形，密被短柔毛和褐色斑点；小苞片鳞片状，披针形，长4-5毫米，褐白色有深褐色斑点，无毛或基部疏生短柔毛。小穗10余个至20余个，全部从囊状、内无花的支先出叶中生出，开展，两性，雄雌顺序，长圆状圆柱形，长5-14毫米；雄花部分的轮廓为线状披针形，短于雌花部分，少有二者近等长，具少数雄花；雌花部分具2-7朵花。雄花鳞片卵状披针形，长3-3.5毫米，膜质，淡褐色；雌花鳞片卵形，长2-2.5毫米，顶端渐尖，膜质，中间黄绿色，有褐色斑点，具3条脉，两侧褐色，幼时边缘疏生纤毛。果囊椭圆形，三棱形，长3-4毫米，纸质，淡黄绿色，密生褐色斑点腹面具2侧脉，无毛，基部几无柄，顶端渐渐收缩成中等长的喙，喙稍短于果囊的1/2喙口微凹。小坚果椭圆形，三棱形，长1.5-2.2毫米，成熟时褐色；花柱基部不增粗或微增粗，柱头3个。花果期5-11月。
分布（Distribution）：产浙江、江西、福建、湖南、广东、广西、四川南部、贵州、云南东部和东南部；生于海拔400-1500米常绿阔叶林林下，水旁、山坡阴处或石灰岩山坡峭壁上。越南也有。
用途（Use）：
引自中国植物志英文版FOC Vol. 23 Page 294
Carex scaposa C. B. Clarke, Bot. Mag. 113: t. 6940. 1887.
花葶薹草 hua ting tai cao| Cyperaceae | Carex
Rhizome woody. Culms lateral, 20-80 × 0.1-0.3 cm, trigonous, base with leafless pale brown sheaths. Leaves basal and cauline; basal leaves tufted, longer or shorter than culms, elliptic to elliptic-linear, 10-35 × 2-5 cm, glabrous on both surfaces or scabrid or densely hairy abaxially, sometimes with transverse veins, base attenuate, apex acuminate; petiole up to 30 cm, glabrous, sometimes leaf base extending downward forming narrow wings; cauline leaves brown, spathelike, papery, glabrous. Involucral bracts spathelike, with blades, usually shorter than inflorescence branches. Panicle compound, 3- to several branched; inflorescence branches paniculate, single or binate, triangular-ovate, 2-3.5 × 1.5-3 cm; peduncles of inflorescence branches rigid, trigonous, 4-8 cm, densely pubescent; inflorescence axes sharply trigonous, densely pubescent; bractlets brownish white with deep brown spots, glumelike, lanceolate, 4-5 mm. Spikes 10-20, bisexual, androgynous, arising from flowerless utriculiform cladoprophylls, patent, oblong-cylindric, 5-14 mm; male part of spike linear-lanceolate, usually shorter than female part, fewer flowered; female part 2-7-flowered; male glumes pale brown, ovate-lanceolate, 3-3.5 mm, membranous; female glumes brown laterally, yellowish green with brown spots and 3 veins at middle, ovate, 2-2.5 mm, membranous, margins ciliate when young, apex acuminate. Utricles pale yellowish green with dense brown spots, elliptic, trigonous, 3-4 mm, papery, with 2 lateral veins abaxially, glabrous, subsessile, apex contracted gradually into beak of medium length, beak slightly shorter than 1/2 length of utricle, orifice emarginate. Nutlets brown at maturity, elliptic, trigonous, 1.5-2.2 mm; style base not or slightly thickened; stigmas 3.
Forests, watersides, shady slopes, cliffs, valleys; 200-1500 m. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hunan, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Vietnam].
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）：Carex scaposa C. B. Clarke
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：花莛苔草
异名（Synonym）：Carex scaposa var. marantacea Raymond
科属（Family & Genus）：莎草科（Cyperaceae）薹草属
形态特征（Description）：根状茎匍匐，粗壮，木质。秆侧生，高20-80厘米，粗1-3毫米，三棱形，幼时或多或少被短柔毛，基部具淡褐色无叶的鞘。叶基生和秆生；基生叶数枚丛生，长于或短于杆，狭椭圆形、椭圆形、椭圆状披针形、椭圆状倒披针形至椭圆状带形，长10一35厘米，宽2-5厘米，基部渐狭，顶端渐尖，两面光滑或下面粗糙，有3条隆起的脉及多数细脉，有时具隔节；叶柄由不甚明显至长达30厘米，稍扁而对折，无毛，有时具叶基下延所形成的狭翅；秆生叶退化呈佛焰苞状，生于秆的下部或中部以下，褐色 纸质，无毛。苞片与秆生叶同型，但顶端具线形苞叶，通常短于支花序。圆锥花序复出，具3至数枚支花序；支花序圆锥状，轮廓为三角状卵形，长2-3.5厘米，宽1.5-3厘米，单生或双生；支花序柄坚挺，三棱形，长4-8厘米，密被短柔毛；支花序轴锐三棱形，密被短柔毛和褐色斑点；小苞片鳞片状，披针形，长4-5毫米，褐白色有深褐色斑点，无毛或基部疏生短柔毛。小穗10余个至20余个，全部从囊状、内无花的支先出叶中生出，开展，两性，雄雌顺序，长圆状圆柱形，长5-14毫米；雄花部分的轮廓为线状披针形，短于雌花部分，少有二者近等长，具少数雄花；雌花部分具2-7朵花。雄花鳞片卵状披针形，长3-3.5毫米，膜质，淡褐色；雌花鳞片卵形，长2-2.5毫米，顶端渐尖，膜质，中间黄绿色，有褐色斑点，具3条脉，两侧褐色，幼时边缘疏生纤毛。果囊椭圆形，三棱形，长3-4毫米，纸质，淡黄绿色，密生褐色斑点腹面具2侧脉，无毛，基部几无柄，顶端渐渐收缩成中等长的喙，喙稍短于果囊的1/2喙口微凹。小坚果椭圆形，三棱形，长1.5-2.2毫米，成熟时褐色；花柱基部不增粗或微增粗，柱头3个。花果期5-11月。
分布（Distribution）：产浙江、江西、福建、湖南、广东、广西、四川南部、贵州、云南东部和东南部；生于海拔400-1500米常绿阔叶林林下，水旁、山坡阴处或石灰岩山坡峭壁上。越南也有。
用途（Use）：
引自中国植物志英文版FOC Vol. 23 Page 294
Carex scaposa C. B. Clarke, Bot. Mag. 113: t. 6940. 1887.
花葶薹草 hua ting tai cao| Cyperaceae | Carex
Rhizome woody. Culms lateral, 20-80 × 0.1-0.3 cm, trigonous, base with leafless pale brown sheaths. Leaves basal and cauline; basal leaves tufted, longer or shorter than culms, elliptic to elliptic-linear, 10-35 × 2-5 cm, glabrous on both surfaces or scabrid or densely hairy abaxially, sometimes with transverse veins, base attenuate, apex acuminate; petiole up to 30 cm, glabrous, sometimes leaf base extending downward forming narrow wings; cauline leaves brown, spathelike, papery, glabrous. Involucral bracts spathelike, with blades, usually shorter than inflorescence branches. Panicle compound, 3- to several branched; inflorescence branches paniculate, single or binate, triangular-ovate, 2-3.5 × 1.5-3 cm; peduncles of inflorescence branches rigid, trigonous, 4-8 cm, densely pubescent; inflorescence axes sharply trigonous, densely pubescent; bractlets brownish white with deep brown spots, glumelike, lanceolate, 4-5 mm. Spikes 10-20, bisexual, androgynous, arising from flowerless utriculiform cladoprophylls, patent, oblong-cylindric, 5-14 mm; male part of spike linear-lanceolate, usually shorter than female part, fewer flowered; female part 2-7-flowered; male glumes pale brown, ovate-lanceolate, 3-3.5 mm, membranous; female glumes brown laterally, yellowish green with brown spots and 3 veins at middle, ovate, 2-2.5 mm, membranous, margins ciliate when young, apex acuminate. Utricles pale yellowish green with dense brown spots, elliptic, trigonous, 3-4 mm, papery, with 2 lateral veins abaxially, glabrous, subsessile, apex contracted gradually into beak of medium length, beak slightly shorter than 1/2 length of utricle, orifice emarginate. Nutlets brown at maturity, elliptic, trigonous, 1.5-2.2 mm; style base not or slightly thickened; stigmas 3.
Forests, watersides, shady slopes, cliffs, valleys; 200-1500 m. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hunan, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Vietnam].
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