心叶碎米荠Orychophragmus limprichtianus

中文名(Chinese Name):心叶碎米荠
学名(Scientific Name):Orychophragmus limprichtianus (Pax) Al-Shehbaz et G. Yang
英文名(English Common Name):
别名(Chinese Common Name):心叶诸葛菜
异名(Synonym):Cardamine limprichtiana Pax  Alliaria grandifolia Z. X. An  Cardamine hickinii O. E. Schulz
科属(Family & Genus):十字花科(Cruciferae)诸葛菜属
形态特征(Description):多年生草本,高20-40米,茎和叶均被白色柔毛。主根长,多分枝,并生有须状根;根状茎很短。茎直立,稍曲折,自基部分枝,枝圆柱形。叶片膜质,基生叶为羽状复叶,有时单一,叶柄长3-14厘米,顶生小叶大,心形,长3-7厘米,宽2-5.5厘米,顶端短尖或渐尖,基部心形,边缘具钝圆齿,侧生小叶很小,1-3对,疏生,卵形或披针形,有或无小叶柄;茎生叶具较长的叶柄,顶生小叶通常为三角状心形,顶端尾尖,基部心形,边缘锯齿钝或略尖锐,侧生小叶亦小,小叶柄通常显著;茎上部叶常为单叶,三角状披针形,具叶柄。总状花序疏松,出自叶腋,花梗长6-10毫米;萼片长卵形,长约3毫米,边缘膜质,外面有毛或脱落;花瓣白色,长圆形或倒卵状楔形,长约4.5毫米,顶端微凹,基部有极短的爪,雌蕊柱状,长约2.5毫米,花柱极短,柱头圆球状,比花柱宽。长角果细长,直或弓形弯曲,长3-6厘米,宽约1毫米;果瓣微凸,种子间稍缢缩,自基部有1条中脉;果梗直立开展或稍弯曲,纤细,长15-20毫米。种子每室1行,长卵形,长2-2.5毫米,宽约1毫米,暗褐色;子叶对折。花期3-4月,果期4-5月。
分布(Distribution):产安徽、江苏、浙江等地,生于林下、路边及山岩旁。
用途(Use):
引自中国植物志英文版FOC Vol. 8 Page 27
Orychophragmus limprichtianus (Pax) Al-Shehbaz & G. Yang, Novon. 10: 351. 2000.
心叶诸葛菜 xin ye zhu ge cai | Brassicaceae  | Orychophragmus
Cardamine limprichtiana Pax, Jahresber. Schles. Ges. Vaterl. Cult. 89, Abt. 2: 27. 1911; Alliaria grandifolia Z. X. An; C. hickinii O. E. Schulz.
Herbs annual or perennial, (12-)25-45(-80) cm tall. Stems erect, simple at base, often branched above, somewhat flexuous, glabrous or sparsely to densely pilose with trichomes to 1.5 mm. Basal leaves not rosulate, simple or with 1-3 lateral lobes on each side; petiole (3-)5-15(-18) cm, flattened at base; blade or terminal leaf lobe cordate to broadly so, (2-)4-8(-10) × (1.5-)2.5-6(-8) cm, glabrous or sparsely to densely subappressed pilose abaxially, glabrous or sparsely pilose adaxially, sometimes ciliate, base cordate or rarely cordate-truncate, margin coarsely crenate with teeth ending in apiculae, apex acute or acuminate; lateral lobes sessile or petiolulate, 0.1-3 × 0.03-2 cm, sometimes absent. Uppermost cauline leaves petiolate, much smaller to much larger than basal ones and up to 18 × 11 cm, base not auriculate, margin coarsely and irregularly dentate, rarely crenate, apex caudate or acuminate. Fruiting pedicels divaricate or recurved, glabrous or pilose, narrower than fruit, (0.5-)1-3(-3.5) cm. Sepals oblong, ascending, 2-3.5 × 1-1.5 mm, base slightly saccate. Petals white, broadly obovate or narrowly obcordate, (6-)7-9 × 3-6 mm, apex shallowly emarginate; claw obscurely differentiated, shorter than sepals. Filaments 2.5-3.5 mm; anthers oblong, 1-1.5 mm, minutely apiculate. Ovules 20-35 per ovary. Fruit narrowly linear, stout, terete, (2-)3-6 cm × 1.5-2 mm; valves glabrous or sparsely pilose, strongly torulose, inconspicuously veined; style terete, 1-3 mm; stigma 2-lobed, slightly decurrent. Seeds oblong, 2-3 × 0.8-1.2 mm. Fl. Mar-May, fr. Apr-Jun.
* Grassy areas along streams, moist slopes, roadsides, rocky slopes; 300-1200 m. Anhui, Zhejiang.
Cardamine limprichtiana and Alliaria grandifolia were both recognized in FRPS and Fl. Zhejiang (3: 51, 55. 1993) as distinct species in two different tribes (Arabideae and Sisymbrieae, respectively). However, examination of the type collections of both species and ample additional material reveal that they are conspecific and belong to Orychophragmus in the tribe Brassiceae.
Orychophragmus limprichtianus was recorded from Sichuan in Fl. Sichuan. (14: 87. 1999, as Cardamine limprichtiana), but the present authors have seen no material from that province.
心叶碎米荠Orychophragmus limprichtianus

心叶碎米荠Orychophragmus limprichtianus

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