中文名（Chinese Name）：蹄叶橐吾
学名（Scientific Name）：Ligularia fischeri (Ledeb.) Turcz.
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：马蹄草
异名（Synonym）：Cineraria fischeri Ledeb.  Hoppea speciosa Reichb.  Ligularia sibirica var. longibracteata Kitam.  Ligularia sibirica var. racemosa (DC.) Kitam.  Ligularia racemosa DC.  Cacalia elata Spreng. ex Spreng. ex DC  Cineraria elata Steud.  Ligularia glabrescens Vorosch.  Senecillis fischerii (Ledeb.) Kitam.
科属（Family & Genus）：菊科（Compositae）橐吾属
形态特征（Description）：多年生草本。根肉质，黑褐色，多数。茎高大，直立，高80-200厘米，上部及花序被黄褐色有节短柔毛，下部光滑，基部直径0.5-1厘米，被褐色枯叶柄纤维包围。丛生叶与茎下部叶具柄，柄长18-59厘米，光滑，基部鞘状，叶片肾形，长10-30厘米，宽13-40厘米，先端圆形，有时具尖头，边缘有整齐的锯齿，基部弯缺宽，长为叶片的1/3，两侧裂片近圆形，不外展，上面绿色，下面淡绿色，两面光滑，叶脉掌状，主脉5-7条，明显突起；茎、中上部叶具短柄，鞘膨大，叶片肾形，长4.5-5.5厘米，宽5-6厘米。总状花序长25-75厘米；苞片草质，卵形或卵状披针形，下部者长达6厘米，宽至2厘米，向上渐小，先端具短尖，边缘有齿；花序梗细，下部者长达9厘米，向上渐短；头状花序多数，辐射状；小苞片狭披针形至线形；总苞钟形，长7-20毫米，宽5-14毫米，总苞片8-9，2层，长圆形，宽3-5毫米，先端急尖，背部光滑，内层具宽膜质边缘。舌状花5-6(9)，黄色，舌片长圆形，长15-25毫米，宽至8毫米，先端钝圆，管部长5-11毫米；管状花多数，长10-17毫米，管部长5-9毫米，冠毛红褐色短于管部。瘦果圆柱形，长6-11毫米，光滑。花果期7-10月。
分布（Distribution）：产四川、湖北、贵州、湖南、河南、安徽、浙江、甘肃、陕西、华北及东北，生于海海拔100-2700米的水边、草甸、山坡、灌丛中及林缘下。尼泊尔、印度、不丹、蒙古、朝鲜及日本也有。
用途（Use）：
引自中国植物志英文版FOC Vol. 20-21 Page 382, 410, 411
Ligularia fischeri (Ledebour) Turczaninow, Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou. 11: 95. 1838.
蹄叶橐吾 ti ye tuo wu| Asteraceae  | Ligularia
Cineraria fischeri Ledebour, Index Sem. Horti Dorpat. 1820: 17. 1820; C. speciosa Schrader ex Link; Hoppea speciosa (Schrader ex Link) Reichenbach; Ligularia sibirica (Linnaeus) Cassini var. speciosa (Schrader ex Link) Candolle; L. speciosa (Schrader ex Link) Fischer & C. A. Meyer; ?L. splendens (H. Léveillé & Vaniot) Nakai; Senecillis fischeri (Ledebour) Kitamura; Senecio cacaliifolius Schultz Bipontinus var. speciosus (Schrader ex Link) Franchet; ?S. splendens H. Léveillé & Vaniot.
Stem erect, 80-200 cm tall, 5-10 mm in diam. at base, proximally glabrous or shortly yellowish brown pilose, distally and synflorescence densely shortly yellowish brown pilose. Basal leaves petiolate; petiole 18-59 cm, shortly brown pilose, base sheathed; leaf blade abaxially pale green, adaxially green, reniform, 8-30 × 13-40 cm, abaxially shortly brown pilose, adaxially glabrous, palmately veined, with 5-7 prominent principal veins, margin regularly dentate, apex rounded, sometimes mucronate; sinus ca. 1/3 as long as leaf blade, broad; basal lobes suborbicular, not divergent. Middle to distal stem leaves shortly petiolate; sheath enlarged; leaf blade reniform, 4.5-5.5 × 5-6 cm. Synflorescence racemose, 27-75 cm; proximal leaflike bracts ovate or ovate-lanceolate, to 6 × 2 cm, smaller distally, herbaceous, margin dentate, apex mucronate; distal leaflike bracts lanceolate; peduncles: proximal ones to 9 cm, smaller distally, slender. Capitula numerous; supplementary bracts narrowly lanceolate to linear. Involucre campanulate, 7-20 × 5-14 mm, outside shortly brown pilose; phyllaries 8-14, in 2 rows, oblong, 3-5 mm wide, apex acute; inner phyllaries broadly membranous at margin. Ray florets 5-9, yellow; lamina oblong, 1.5-2.5 cm × to 6 mm wide, apex obtuse; tube 5-11 mm. Tubular florets numerous, 8-17 mm; tube 5-9 mm. Achenes dark brown, fusiform-cylindric, 6-8 mm. Pappus yellowish brown, shorter than tubular corolla. Fl. and fr. Jul-Oct, 2n = 60.
Stream banks, swamp meadows, grassy slopes, scrub, forest margins; below 2500 m. Anhui, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Zhejiang [Bhutan, India, Japan, Kashmir, Korea, Mongolia, Myanmar, Nepal, Russia (Far East, E Siberia)].
One of us (Illarionova) treats Ligularia splendens (syn. Senecio splendens) as a distinct species. Ligularia splendens is similar to L. fischeri but differs in having leaflike bracts ovate around the whole synflorescence and glabrous phyllaries. According to Illarionova, Ligularia fischeri is distributed only in NE China (Heilongjiang, Jilin, Nei Mongol), Mongolia, and Russia (Far East, E Siberia).
（责任编辑：徐晔春）