接骨草Sambucus javanica

接骨草Sambucus javanica

接骨草Sambucus javanica
中文名(Chinese Name):接骨草
学名(Scientific Name):Sambucus javanica Reinw. ex Blume
英文名(English Common Name):
别名(Chinese Common Name):陆英
异名(Synonym):Sambucus chinensis Lindl.;Sambucus formosana Nakai;Sambucus hookeri Rehder
科属(Family & Genus):忍冬科(Caprifoliaceae)接骨木属
形态特征(Description):高大草本或半灌木,高1-2米;茎有棱条,髓部白色。羽状复叶的托叶叶状或有时退化成蓝色的腺体;小叶2-3对,互生或对生,狭卵形,长6-13厘米,宽2-3厘米,嫩时上面被疏长柔毛,先端长渐尖,基部钝圆,两侧不等,边缘具细锯齿,近基部或中部以下边缘常有1或数枚腺齿;顶生小叶卵形或倒卵形,基部楔形,有时与第一对小叶相连,小叶无托叶,基部一对小叶有时有短柄。复伞形花序顶生,大而疏散,总花梗基部托以叶状总苞片,分枝3-5出,纤细,被黄色疏柔毛;杯形不孕性花不脱落,可孕性花小;萼筒杯状,萼齿三角形;花冠白色,仅基部联合,花药黄色或紫色;子房3室,花柱极短或几无,柱头3裂。果实红色,近圆形,直径3-4毫米;核2-3粒,卵形,长2.5毫米,表面有小疣状突起。花期4-5月,果熟期8-9月。
分布(Distribution):产我国中南部,生于海拔300-2600米的山坡、林下、沟边及草丛中。日本也有。
用途(Use):为药用植物,可治跌打损伤,有去风湿、通经活血、解毒消炎之功效。
引自中国植物志英文版FOC Vol. 19 Page 612
Sambucus javanica Blume, Bijdr. 657. 1825.
接骨草 jie gu cao | Adoxaceae  | Sambucus
Ebulus chinensis (Lindley) Nakai; E. formosana (Nakai) Nakai; Sambucus argyi H. Léveillé; S. chinensis Lindley; S. chinensis var. formosana (Nakai) H. Hara; S. chinensis var. pinnatilobata G. W. Hu; S. formosana Nakai; S. formosana var. arborescens Kanehira & Sasaki; S. henriana Samutina; S. hookeri Rehder; S. javanica var. argyi (H. Léveillé) Rehder; S. javanica subsp. chinensis (Lindley) Fukuoka.
Herbs, suffrutescent, or low shrubs, 1-2 m tall. Stem obviously striate; pith white; lenticels inconspicuous. Leaves imparipinnate; stipules leaflike or sometimes reduced to blue glands; lateral leaflets 2 or 3 pairs, alternate or opposite, narrowly ovate, 6-13 × 2-3 cm, adaxially sparsely pubescent when young, base obtuse and oblique, margin serrulate, often with 1 to several glandular teeth from below middle nearly to base, apex long acuminate; terminal leaflet ovate or obovate, base cuneate, sometimes connected with next lower leaflets, basal pair of leaflets shortly petiolulate; stipules of leaflets absent. Inflorescences terminal, compound umbellate cymes, lax, pedunculate, with leaflike bracts at base of peduncle, with 3-5 slender rays, with sparse yellow pubescence. Some flowers modified into persistent urceolate nectaries. Flowers: calyx tube urceolate, lobes triangular; corolla white, connate at base; anthers yellow or purple; ovary locules 3; styles short or nearly absent; stigma 3-lobed. Fruit red, subglobose, 3-4 mm in diam.; pyrenes 3 or 4, ovoid, ca. 2.5 mm, verrucate. Fl. Apr-May(-Aug), fr. Aug-Sep.
Mountain slopes, forests, streamsides, grasslands; 300-2600 m. Anhui, Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Xizang, Yunnan, Zhejiang [India, Indonesia, Japan, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam].
Sambucus javanica often has abundant extrafloral nectaries on the petioles, branchlets, young stems, peduncle, and inflorescence branches.

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