广东丝瓜Luffa acutangula

中文名(Chinese Name):广东丝瓜
学名(Scientific Name):Luffa acutangula (Linn.) Roxb.
英文名(English Common Name):
别名(Chinese Common Name):棱角丝瓜
异名(Synonym):Luffa acutangula var. subangulata (Miq.) Cogn.  Cucumis acutangula L.  Cucumis lineatus Bosc  Cucumis longus var. indicus Grew  Cucumis megacarpus G.Don  Cucumis operculatus Roxb. ex Wight & Arn.  Cucurbita acutangula (L.) Blume  Luffa acutangula var. amara C.B.Clarke  Luffa acutangula var. forskalii (Schweinf. ex Harms) Heiser & E.E.Schill.  Luffa amara Roxb.  Luffa drastica Mart.  Luffa fluminensis Roem.  Luffa foetida Cav.  Luffa forskalii Schweinf. ex Harms  Luffa gosa Ham.  Momordica tubiflora Wall.
科属(Family & Genus):葫芦科Cucurbitaceae丝瓜属Luffa
形态特征(Description):一年生草质攀援藤本;茎稍粗壮,具明显的棱角,被短柔毛。卷须粗壮,下部具棱,常3歧,有短柔毛。叶柄粗壮,棱上具柔毛,长8-12厘米;叶片近圆形,膜质,长、宽均为15-20厘米,常为5-7浅裂,中间裂片宽三角形,稍长,其余的裂片不等大,基部裂片最小,顶端急尖或渐尖,边缘疏生锯齿,基部弯缺近圆形,深2-2.5厘米,宽1-2厘米,上面深绿色,粗糙,下面苍绿色,两面脉上有短柔毛。雌雄同株;通常17-20朵花生于总梗顶端,呈总状花序,总花梗长10-15厘米,花梗长1-4厘米,有白色短柔毛;花萼筒钟形,长0.5-0.8厘米,径约1厘米,外面有短柔毛,裂片披针形,长0.4-0.6厘米,宽0.2-0.3厘米,顶端渐尖,稍向外反折,里面密被白色短柔毛,具1脉,基部有3个明显的瘤状凸起;花冠黄色,辐状,裂片倒心形,长1.5-2.5厘米,宽1-2厘米,顶端凹陷,两面近无毛,外面具3条隆起脉,脉上有短柔毛;雄蕊3,离生,1枚1室,2枚2室,花丝长4-5毫米,基部有髯毛,花药有短柔毛,药室2回折曲。雌花:单生,与雄花序生于同一叶腋;子房棍棒状,具10条纵棱,花柱粗而短,柱头3,膨大,2裂。果实圆柱状或棍棒状,具8-10条纵向的锐棱和沟,没有瘤状凸起,无毛,长15-30厘米,径6-10厘米。种子卵形,黑色,有网状纹饰,无狭翼状边缘,基部2浅裂,长11-12毫米,宽7-8毫米,厚约1.5毫米。花果期:夏、秋季。
分布(Distribution):我国南部多栽培,北部各省少见。世界其他热带地区也有栽培。
用途(Use):果嫩时作菜蔬,成熟后网状纤维即丝瓜络药用,能通经络。
引自中国植物志英文版:FOC Vol. 19 Page 34, 35      
Luffa acutangula (Linnaeus) Roxburgh, Hort. Bengal. 70. 1814.
广东丝瓜 guang dong si gua | Cucurbitaceae  | Luffa
Cucumis acutangulus Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 1011. 1753; Luffa acutangula var. subangulata (Miquel) Cogniaux; L. subangulata Miquel.
Stem rather robust, sulcate-angular, pubescent. Tendrils robust, often 3-fid, puberulent. Petiole 8-12 cm; leaf blade suborbicular, 15-20 × 15-20 cm, membranous, often 5-7-lobed; median lobe broadly triangular, lateral lobes smaller, both surfaces puberulent, margin dentate, apex acute or acuminate; sinus subrounded. Male flowers 17-20 in raceme at apex of peduncle; peduncle 10-15 cm; pedicels 1-4 cm, white puberulent; calyx tube campanulate, 5-8 × ca. 10 mm; segments lanceolate, 4-6 × 2-3 mm, densely white pubescent, 1-veined, apex acuminate, slightly reflexed; corolla yellow, rotate; segments obcordate, 15-25 × 10-20 mm, both surfaces subglabrous; stamens 3, free; filaments 4-5 mm; anthers puberulent. Female flowers solitary; ovary terete, longitudinally 8-10-angled; style short; stigmas expanded, 2-lobed. Fruit cylindric or clavate-oblong, 8-10-angled, 15-40 × 6-10 cm, glabrous. Seeds black, ovoid, 11-12 × 7-8 mm, ca. 1.5 mm thick, margin without wing. Fl. and fr. summer and autumn.
Cultivated in S China [S and SW Asia; also cultivated in tropical regions].
The fruit is eaten as a vegetable.
 广东丝瓜Luffa acutangula

广东丝瓜Luffa acutangula
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