枸杞Lycium chinense

中文名(Chinese Name):枸杞
学名(Scientific Name):Lycium chinense Mill.
英文名(English Common Name):Chinese desert-thorn
别名(Chinese Common Name):枸杞菜、狗奶子
异名Synonym):Lycium sinense Gren.  Lycium trewianum Roem. et Schult.  Lycium barbarum var. chinense (Mill.) Aiton  Lycium ovatum Loisel.  Lycium megistocarpum var. ovatum (Loiseleur) Dunal  Lycium chinense var. ovatum (Loiseleur) C. K. Schneid. 
科属(Family & Genus):茄科(Solanaceae)枸杞属
形态特征(Description):多分枝灌木,高0.5-1米,栽培时可达2米多;枝条细弱,弓状弯曲或俯垂,淡灰色,有纵条纹,棘刺长0.5-2厘米,生叶和花的棘刺较长,小枝顶端锐尖成棘刺状。叶纸质或栽培者质稍厚,单叶互生或2-4枚簇生,卵形、卵状菱形、长椭圆形、卵状披针形,顶端急尖,基部楔形,长1.5-5厘米,宽0.5-2.5厘米,栽培者较大,可长达10厘米以上,宽达4厘米;叶柄长0.4-1厘米。花在长枝上单生或双生于叶腋,在短枝上则同叶簇生;花梗长1-2厘米,向顶端渐增粗。花萼长3-4毫米,通常3中裂或4-5齿裂,裂片多少有缘毛;花冠漏斗状,长9-12毫米,淡紫色,筒部向上骤然扩大,稍短于或近等于檐部裂片,5深裂,裂片卵形,顶端圆钝,平展或稍向外反曲,边缘有缘毛,基部耳显著;雄蕊较花冠稍短,或因花冠裂片外展而伸出花冠,花丝在近基部处密生一圈绒毛并交织成椭圆状的毛丛,与毛丛等高处的花冠筒内壁亦密生一环绒毛;花柱稍伸出雄蕊,上端弓弯,柱头绿色。浆果红色,卵状,栽培者可成长矩圆状或长椭圆状,顶端尖或钝,长7-15毫米,栽培者长可达2.2厘米,直径5-8毫米。种子扁肾脏形,长2.5-3毫米,黄色。花果期6-11月。
分布(Distribution):分布于东北、河北、山西、陕西、甘肃以及西南、华中、华南和华东各省区,朝鲜,日本,欧洲有栽培或逸为野生。常生于山坡、荒地、丘陵地、盐碱地、路旁及村边宅旁。
用途(Use):果实(中药称枸杞子),药用功能与宁夏枸杞同;根皮(中药称地骨皮),有解热止咳之效用;嫩叶可作蔬菜;种子油可制润滑油或食用油;由于它耐干旱,可生长在沙地,因此可作为水土保持的灌木。
引自中国植物志英文版:FOC Vol. 17 Page 303   
Lycium chinense Miller, Gard. Dict., ed. 8. no. 5. 1768.
枸杞 gou qi| Solanaceae  | Lycium
Shrubs erect or sprawling, 0.5-1(-2) m tall. Stems much branched; branches pale gray, slender, curved or pendulous, with thorns 0.5-2 cm. Leaves solitary or in clusters of 2-4; leaf blade ovate, rhombic, lanceolate, or linear-lanceolate, 1.5-5 × 0.5-2.5 cm (to 10 × 4 cm in cultivation). Inflorescences solitary or paired flowers on long shoots or fasciculate among leaves on short shoots. Pedicel 1-2 cm. Calyx campanulate, 3-4 mm, 3-5-divided to halfway, lobes densely ciliate. Corolla pale purple, 0.9-l.2 cm; tube funnel-form, shorter than or subequaling lobes, lobes pubescent at margin. Stamens slightly shorter or longer than corolla, with a villous ring slightly above filament base and adjacent corolla tube. Berry red, ovoid or oblong, 0.7-1.5 cm × 5-8 mm (ca. 2.2 × 1 cm in cultivation). Seeds numerous, yellow, 2.5-3 mm.
Slopes, wastelands, saline places, roadsides, near houses. Anhui, Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Sichuan, Taiwan,
 枸杞Lycium chinense

枸杞Lycium chinense

枸杞Lycium chinense
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