山枣Ziziphus montana

中文名(Chinese Name):山枣
学名(Scientific Name):Ziziphus montana W. W. Smith
英文名(English Common Name):
别名(Chinese Common Name):
异名(Synonym):
科属(Family & Genus):鼠李科Rhamnaceae枣属Ziziphus
形态特征(Description):乔木或灌木,高达14米;幼枝和当年生枝被红褐色绒毛,小枝褐色或紫黑色,具明显的皮孔。叶纸质,椭圆形,卵状椭圆形或卵形,长5-8厘米,宽3-4.5厘米,顶端钝或近圆形,稀短突尖,基部不对称,偏斜,近圆形,边缘具细圆齿,上面绿色,无毛,下面浅绿色,沿脉被锈色疏柔毛,基生三,稀五出脉,叶脉两面凸起,中脉两边无明显的次生侧脉;叶柄长7-15毫米,初时多少有疏短柔毛,后变无毛;托叶刺2个,红紫色,直立,长10-18毫米;花绿色,两性,5基数,数个至10余个密集成腋生二歧式聚伞花序,总花梗短或近无总花梗,长1-2毫米,被锈色密短柔毛,花梗长1-2毫米,被密短柔毛;萼片三角形,长约2毫米,顶端尖,外面被棕色短柔毛;花瓣倒卵圆形,兜状,与萼片近等长;花盘厚,肉质,5裂;子房球形,大部藏于花盘内,2室,每室有1胚珠,花柱长,2浅裂。核果球形或近球形,黄褐色,长2.5-3厘米,直径2-2.5厘米,无毛,基部凹陷,边缘不增厚;果梗长6-12毫米,常弯曲,被疏短柔毛;中果皮厚,海绵质,厚6-7毫米,内果皮硬骨质,壁厚3-4毫米,2室,具2种子;种子扁平,倒卵圆形,橄榄色,长宽9-10毫米。花期4-6月,果期5-8月。
分布(Distribution):产四川西部至西南部(康定、木里、盐源、乡城)、云南西北部(滨川、丽江、中甸)、西藏(察瓦龙)。生于海拔1400-2600米的山谷疏林或干旱多岩石处。
用途(Use):
引自中国植物志英文版:FOC Vol. 12 Page 120, 121   
Ziziphus montana W. W. Smith, Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh. 10: 78. 1917.
山枣 shan zao | Rhamnaceae  | Ziziphus
Trees or shrubs, to 14 m tall, spinose. Young and annual branches red-brown tomentose; branchlets brown or purple black, with conspicuous lenticels. Stipular spines 2, both erect, red-purple, 1-1.8 cm; petiole 7-15 mm, ± pilose at first, glabrescent; leaf blade abaxially pale green, adaxially green, elliptic, ovate-elliptic, or ovate, 5-8 × 3-4.5 cm, papery, abaxially ferruginous pubescent on major veins, adaxially glabrous, 3(or 5)-veined from base, veins prominent on both surfaces, midvein without conspicuous secondary veins, base asymmetric, subrounded, margin crenulate, apex obtuse or subrounded, rarely shortly acute. Flowers greenish, few to 10 crowded in axillary dichotomous cymes; peduncles 1-2 mm, densely pilose. Sepals triangular, ca. 2 mm, abaxially brownish pilose, apex acute. Petals obovate, subequal to sepals, clawed. Disk thick, fleshy, 5-lobed. Ovary globose, deeply immersed in disk; styles long, 2-branched. Drupe yellow-brown, globose or subglobose, 2.5-3 cm, 2-2.5 cm in diam., glabrous, concave at base; fruiting pedicel often curved, 6-12 mm, sparsely pilose; mesocarp 6-7 mm, thick, spongy; endocarp woody, wall 3-4 mm, 2-loculed, with 2 seeds. Seeds compressed, obovoid, 9-10 mm. Fl. Apr-Jun, fr. May-Aug.
● Sparse forests in valleys, dry stony places; 1400-2600 m. SW and W Sichuan, E Xizang, NW Yunnan.
This species differs from Ziziphus mairei in having tomentose annual branches, leaf blade elliptic or ovate-elliptic, with an obtuse or subrounded apex, and mesocarp spongy and thicker than endocarp, not thickening at basal margin.
 山枣Ziziphus montana

山枣Ziziphus montana
(责任编辑:徐晔春)

顶一下[3]

踩一下[0]