石榴Punica granatum
中文名（Chinese Name）：石榴
学名（Scientific Name）：Punica granatum Linn.
英文名（English Common Name）：pomegranate
别名（Chinese Common Name）：丹若、若榴木
异名（Synonym）：Punica florida Salisb. Punica grandiflora hort. ex Steud. Punica nana L. Punica spinosa Lam.
科属（Family & Genus）：石榴科（Punicaceae）石榴属
形态特征（Description）：落叶灌木或乔木，高通常3-5米，稀达IO米，枝顶常成尖锐长刺，幼枝具棱角，无毛，老枝近圆柱形。叶通常对生，纸质，矩圆状披针形，长2-9厘米，顶端短尖、钝尖或微凹，基部短尖至稍钝形，上面光亮，侧脉稍细密；叶柄短。花大，1-5朵生枝顶；萼筒长2-3厘米，通常红色或淡黄色，裂片略外展，卵状三角形，长8-13毫米，外面近顶端有1黄绿色腺体，边缘有小乳突；花瓣通常大，红色、黄色或白色，长1.5-3厘米，宽1-2厘米，顶端圆形；花丝无毛，长达13毫米；花柱长超过雄蕊。浆果近球形，直径5-12厘米，通常为淡黄褐色或淡黄绿色，有时白色，稀暗紫色。种子多数，钝角形，红色至乳白色，肉质的外种皮供食用。
分布（Distribution）：原产巴尔干半岛至伊朗及其邻近地区，全世界的温带和热带都有种植。
用途（Use）：石榴是一种常见果树，我国南北都有栽培。
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 13 Page 283
Punica granatum Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 472. 1753.
石榴 shi liu| Lythraceae | Punica
Shrubs or small trees, 2-3 m tall, glabrous. Branches and branchlets 4-angled, becoming terete with age, often terminating as indurate spines. Petiole 2-10 mm; leaf blade adaxially shiny, lanceolate, elliptic-oblanceolate, or oblong, 2-9 × 1-2 cm, base attenuate, apex obtuse or mucronate. Floral tube red-orange or pale yellow, campanulate-urceolate, 2-3 × 1-1.5 cm; sepals 5-9, erect, deltate. Petals 5-9, bright red-orange [or white], obovate, 1.5-3 × 1-2 cm, apex rounded or obtuse. Stamens numerous, included to exserted. Ovary 8-13-loculed, in 2 or 3 superposed layers, lower locules with axile placentation, upper ones with apparent parietal placentation. Fruit globose, leathery berries, variable in color, red to yellow-green or red-brown, 5-12 cm in diam., crowned by persistent sepals, irregularly dehiscent. Seeds obpyramidal within juicy sarcotestal layer, ruby-red, pink, or yellowish white. Fl. Mar-Jul. 2n = 16, 18.
Widely cultivated in China, and naturalized in W China [widespread in cultivation].
Punica granatum is grown for its showy flowers and edible fruit (pomegranate). It was probably introduced to China from C Asia or Europe during the Han dynasty (207 BCE to 220 CE).
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）：Punica granatum Linn.
英文名（English Common Name）：pomegranate
别名（Chinese Common Name）：丹若、若榴木
异名（Synonym）：Punica florida Salisb. Punica grandiflora hort. ex Steud. Punica nana L. Punica spinosa Lam.
科属（Family & Genus）：石榴科（Punicaceae）石榴属
形态特征（Description）：落叶灌木或乔木，高通常3-5米，稀达IO米，枝顶常成尖锐长刺，幼枝具棱角，无毛，老枝近圆柱形。叶通常对生，纸质，矩圆状披针形，长2-9厘米，顶端短尖、钝尖或微凹，基部短尖至稍钝形，上面光亮，侧脉稍细密；叶柄短。花大，1-5朵生枝顶；萼筒长2-3厘米，通常红色或淡黄色，裂片略外展，卵状三角形，长8-13毫米，外面近顶端有1黄绿色腺体，边缘有小乳突；花瓣通常大，红色、黄色或白色，长1.5-3厘米，宽1-2厘米，顶端圆形；花丝无毛，长达13毫米；花柱长超过雄蕊。浆果近球形，直径5-12厘米，通常为淡黄褐色或淡黄绿色，有时白色，稀暗紫色。种子多数，钝角形，红色至乳白色，肉质的外种皮供食用。
分布（Distribution）：原产巴尔干半岛至伊朗及其邻近地区，全世界的温带和热带都有种植。
用途（Use）：石榴是一种常见果树，我国南北都有栽培。
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 13 Page 283
Punica granatum Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 472. 1753.
石榴 shi liu| Lythraceae | Punica
Shrubs or small trees, 2-3 m tall, glabrous. Branches and branchlets 4-angled, becoming terete with age, often terminating as indurate spines. Petiole 2-10 mm; leaf blade adaxially shiny, lanceolate, elliptic-oblanceolate, or oblong, 2-9 × 1-2 cm, base attenuate, apex obtuse or mucronate. Floral tube red-orange or pale yellow, campanulate-urceolate, 2-3 × 1-1.5 cm; sepals 5-9, erect, deltate. Petals 5-9, bright red-orange [or white], obovate, 1.5-3 × 1-2 cm, apex rounded or obtuse. Stamens numerous, included to exserted. Ovary 8-13-loculed, in 2 or 3 superposed layers, lower locules with axile placentation, upper ones with apparent parietal placentation. Fruit globose, leathery berries, variable in color, red to yellow-green or red-brown, 5-12 cm in diam., crowned by persistent sepals, irregularly dehiscent. Seeds obpyramidal within juicy sarcotestal layer, ruby-red, pink, or yellowish white. Fl. Mar-Jul. 2n = 16, 18.
Widely cultivated in China, and naturalized in W China [widespread in cultivation].
Punica granatum is grown for its showy flowers and edible fruit (pomegranate). It was probably introduced to China from C Asia or Europe during the Han dynasty (207 BCE to 220 CE).
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
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