四子马蓝Strobilanthes tetrasperma

中文名(Chinese Name):四子马蓝
学名(Scientific Name):Strobilanthes tetrasperma (Champ. ex Benth.) Druce
英文名(English Common Name):
别名(Chinese Common Name):黄猄草
异名(Synonym):Acanthopale tetrasperma (Champ ex Benth.) Hand.-Mazz.  Ruellia tetrasperma Champion ex Bentham  Strobilanthes radicans T. Anderson ex Benth.  Acanthopale radicans (T. Anderson ex Benth.) C. B. Clarke ex Benoist
科属(Family & Genus):爵床科canthaceae紫云菜属Strobilanthes
形态特征(Description):直立或匍匐草本;茎细瘦,近无毛。叶纸质,卵形或近椭圆形,顶端钝,基部渐狭或稍收缩,边缘具圆齿,长2-7厘米,宽1-2.5厘米;侧脉每边3-4条;叶柄长5-25毫米。穗状花序短而紧密,通常仅有花数朵;苞片叶状,倒卵形或匙形,具羽状脉,长约15毫米,和2枚线形、长5-6毫米的小苞片及萼裂片均被扩展、流苏状缘毛;花萼5裂,裂片长6-7毫米,稍钝头;花冠淡红色或淡紫色,长约2厘米,外面被短柔毛,内有长柔毛,冠檐裂片几相等,直径约3毫米,被缘毛。雄蕊4,2强,花丝基部有膜相连,有1枚退化雄蕊残迹,花粉粒圆球形具种阜形纹饰。蒴果长约10毫米,顶部被柔毛。花期:秋季。
分布(Distribution):产四川、重庆、贵州、湖北、湖南、江西、福建、广东、香港、海南、广西。生于密林中。越南北部也有分布。
用途(Use):
引自中国植物志英文版:FOC Vol. 19 Page 383, 384, 392, 393
Strobilanthes tetrasperma (Champion ex Bentham) Druce, Rep. Bot. Soc. Exch. Club Brit. Isles. 1916: 649. 1917.
四子马蓝 si zi ma lan | Acanthaceae  | Strobilanthes
Ruellia tetrasperma Champion ex Bentham, Hooker’s J. Bot. Kew Gard. Misc. 5: 132. 1853; Acanthopale radicans (T. Anderson ex Bentham) C. B. Clarke ex Benoist; A. tetrasperma (Champion ex Bentham) Handel-Mazzetti; Championella tetrasperma (Champion ex Bentham) Bremekamp; Strobilanthes radicans T. Anderson ex Bentham.
Herbs 30-50 cm tall, isophyllous. Stems often procumbent and rooting at base, 4-angled, sulcate, retrorsely pubescent along sulci, glabrescent, basally slightly woody. Petiole 0.5-2.5 cm, sulcate, glabrous; leaf blade ovate, elliptic, or oblong, 1.5-11 × 1-4.5 cm, glabrous, adaxially darker and densely covered with cystoliths, secondary veins ca. 5 on each side of midvein, base attenuate or decurrent onto petiole, margin serrate to dentate, apex acuminate to acute. Inflorescences terminal or (sometimes) axillary, short often headlike spikes, few flowered, often reduced to a single flower pair; bracts leaflike, obovate to spatulate, 1-1.5 × 0.4-0.5 cm, sparsely pilose, pinnately veined; bracteoles linear, 5-6 × ca. 1 mm, abaxially glabrous or sparsely pilose and densely covered with cystoliths. Calyx 5-lobed almost to base; lobes linear, 5-7 × ca. 1 mm, accrescent to ca. 8 mm in fruit, glabrous except for large-celled trichomes on margin, densely covered with cystoliths. Corolla purple to purplish blue, funnel-shaped, 1.5-2 cm, straight, outside pubescent, inside villous; tube basally cylindric and ca. 2 mm wide for ca. 5 mm then gradually widened to ca. 1.5 cm at mouth; lobes oblong, ca. 4 × 5 mm, apex obtuse. Stamens 4, included; shorter filament pair ca. 2 mm, glabrous; longer filament pair ca. 5 mm, sparsely pubescent; anther thecae oblong, ca. 2 mm; pollen type 10. Ovary ovoid, ca. 3 mm, hispid at tip, with 4 ovules per locule; style ca. 1.5 cm, hirsute; stigma 2-lobed, lobes unequal. Capsule oblong, 7-10 mm, apically pubescent, 4-seeded. Seeds ovate in outline, ca. 2 × 2 mm, pubescent. Fl. Jul-Dec.
Forests, shaded grasslands, rocks by streams, roadsides; 100-1000 m. Chongqing, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Sichuan [Vietnam].
 四子马蓝Strobilanthes tetrasperma

四子马蓝Strobilanthes tetrasperma

四子马蓝Strobilanthes tetrasperma
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