糯米团Gonostegia hirta

中文名(Chinese Name):糯米团
学名(Scientific Name):Gonostegia hirta (Bl.) Miq.
英文名(English Common Name):
别名(Chinese Common Name):糯米草
异名(Synonym):Driessenia sinensis H. Lév.  Memorialis hirta (Blume ex Hassk.) Wedd.  Pouzolzia hirta Blume ex Hassk.  Gonostegia quinquenervis Miq.
科属(Family & Genus):荨麻科(Urticaceae)糯米团属
形态特征(Description):多年生草本,有时茎基部变木质;茎蔓生、铺地或渐升,长50-100 (-160)厘米,基部粗1-2.5毫米,不分枝或分枝,上部带四棱形,有短柔毛。叶对生;叶片草质或纸质,宽披针形至狭披针形、狭卵形、稀卵形或椭圆形,长(1-2-) 3-10厘米,宽(0.7-)1.2-2.8厘米,顶端长渐尖至短渐尖,基部浅心形或圆形,边缘全缘,上面稍粗糙,有稀疏短伏毛或近无毛,下面沿脉有疏毛或近无毛,基出脉3-5条;叶柄长1-4毫米;托叶钻形,长约2.5毫米。团伞花序腋生,通常两性,有时单性,雌雄异株,直径2-9毫米;苞片三角形,长约2毫米。雄花:花梗长1-4毫米;花蕾直径约2毫米,在内折线上有稀疏长柔毛;花被片5,分生,倒披针形,长2-2.5毫米,顶端短骤尖;雄蕊5,花丝条形,长2-2.5毫米,花药长约1毫米;退化雌蕊极小,圆锥状。雌花:花被菱状狭卵形,长约1毫米,顶端有2小齿,有疏毛,果期呈卵形,长约1.6毫米,有10条纵肋;柱头长约3毫米,有密毛。瘦果卵球形,长约1.5毫米,白色或黑色,有光泽。花期5-9月。
分布(Distribution):自西藏东南部、云南、华南至陕西南部及河南南部广布,生于海拔100-1000米丘陵或低山林中、灌丛中、沟边草地。亚洲热带和亚热带地区及澳大利亚也广布。
用途(Use):茎皮纤维可制人造棉,供混纺或单纺。全草药用,治消化不良、食积胃痛等症,外用治血管神经性水肿、疗疮疖肿、乳腺炎、外伤出血等症。全草可饲猪。
引自中国植物志英文版:FOC Vol. 5 Page 178   
Gonostegia hirta (Blume) Miquel, Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi. 4: 303. 1868.
糯米团 nuo mi tuan| Urticaceae  | Gonostegia
Urtica hirta Blume, Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. 495. 1826; Driessenia sinensis H. Léveillé; Memorialis hirta (Blume) Weddell; Pouzolzia hirta (Blume) Hasskarl.
Herbs, sometimes subshrubs, often prostrate, 50-100(-160) cm, monoecious or dioecious. Stems 4-angled distally, pubescent. Leaves opposite, stipules broadly ovate, ca. 2.5 mm; petiole 1-4 mm; leaf blade narrowly lanceolate, rarely narrowly ovate or elliptic, (1.2-)3-10 × (0.7-)1.2-2.8 cm, herbaceous or thinly papery, 3(or 5)-veined, adaxial surface sparsely strigillose or subglabrous, abaxial surface sparsely pubescent along veins or subglabrous, base subcordate or rounded, apex acuminate or acute. Glomerules often bisexual or sometimes unisexual, 2-9 mm in diam. Male flowers: pedicel 1-5 mm; buds ca. 2 mm in diam.; perianth lobes 5, oblanceolate, 2-2.5 mm, apex acute. Female flowers sessile; perianth tube ovoid, ca. 1.6 mm, longitudinally 10-winged, apex 2-toothed. Achene white to black, ovoid, ca. 1.4 mm. Fl. May-Jul, fr. Aug-Sep.
Weedy places, thickets by ditches and rice fields; 100-1000 (-2700) m. Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, S Henan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, S Shaanxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, SE Xizang, Yunnan [Asia, Australia].
The plants are used agriculturally as fodder for pigs and medicinally as treatment for boils and bone dislocations and fractures.
 糯米团Gonostegia hirta

糯米团Gonostegia hirta


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