长叶蝴蝶草Torenia asiatica
中文名（Chinese Name）：长叶蝴蝶草
学名（Scientific Name）：Torenia asiatica L.
英文名（English Common Name）：wishbone flower
别名（Chinese Common Name）：光叶蝴蝶草
异名（Synonym）：Torenia glabra Osbeck Lindernia multiflora (Roxb.) Mukerjee Treisteria cordata Griff. Lindernia trichotoma Schltr. Tittmannia trichotoma Benth. Torenia cordata (Griff.) N.M.Dutta
科属（Family & Genus）：玄参科（Scrophulariaceae）蝴蝶草属
形态特征（Description）：一年生草本，疏被向上弯的硬毛，铺散或倾卧而后上升。茎具棱或狭翅，自基部起多分枝；枝对生，或由于一侧不发育而成二歧状。叶具长0.3-0.5厘米之柄；叶片卵形或卵状披针形，长2-3.5厘米，宽1-1.8厘米，两面疏被短糙毛，边缘具带短尖的锯齿或圆锯齿，先端渐尖或稀为急尖，基部近于圆形，多少下延。花单生于分枝顶部叶腋或顶生，或3-5朵于近顶部的叶腋，排成伞形花序；萼狭长，长1.5-2厘米，宽约4毫米；上部稍扩大；萼齿2枚，长三角形，先端渐尖，具5枚宽1-1.5毫米之翅，其中后方有2枚较窄；果期萼长2.5-3厘米，宽约0.7厘米，成长椭圆形，先端渐尖而稍弯曲，常裂成3-4枚小齿；花冠长3-3.5厘米，暗紫色；上唇倒卵圆形，长0.8厘米，宽1.1厘米；下唇三裂片近于圆形，各有1蓝色斑块；中裂片直径约7毫米，侧裂片稍小；前方一对花丝各具1长约4毫米的丝状附属物。蒴果长椭圆形，长1.6厘米，宽0.4厘米。种子小，矩圆形或近于球形，黄色。花果期5-11月。
分布（Distribution）：分布于云南、贵州，生于拔海1100-1800米间之沟边湿润处。南亚和东南亚也有。
用途（Use）：
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 18 Page 39
Torenia asiatica Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 619. 1753.
长叶蝴蝶草 guang ye hu die cao| Scrophulariaceae | Torenia
Torenia glabra Osbeck.
Herbs, creeping to suberect, rooting from nodes. Branches numerous, long, slender. Petiole 2-8 mm; leaf blade triangular-ovate, narrowly ovate, or ovate-orbicular, 1.5-3.2 X 1-2 cm, glabrous or sparsely villous, base abruptly constricted and subtruncate to broadly cuneate, margin crenate and serrate. Flowers axillary and solitary or in fascicles. Pedicel 0.5-2 cm. Calyx 0.8-1.5 cm, 1.5-2 cm in fruit, 2-lipped, 5-winged; lips narrowly triangular, apex acuminate, further lobed into 5 small lobes; wings more than 1 mm wide, decurrent. Corolla purple-red to blue-red, 1.5-2.5 cm, exceeding calyx by 0.4-1 cm. Anterior stamens appendages linear, 1-2 mm. Capsule 1-1.3 cm. Seeds yellow, ca. 0.4 mm. Fl. and fr. Jun-Sep.
Mountain slopes, trailsides, shady places; below 1700 m. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Xizang, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Japan, Vietnam].
We agree with Burtt (Rheedea 1: 7. 1991) in that the species treated as Torenia asiatica in Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 67(2): 164. 1979 may in fact be a Himalayan species, T. cordata (Griffith) Dutta, and the species that was treated as T. glabra is in fact T. asiatica.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）：Torenia asiatica L.
英文名（English Common Name）：wishbone flower
别名（Chinese Common Name）：光叶蝴蝶草
异名（Synonym）：Torenia glabra Osbeck Lindernia multiflora (Roxb.) Mukerjee Treisteria cordata Griff. Lindernia trichotoma Schltr. Tittmannia trichotoma Benth. Torenia cordata (Griff.) N.M.Dutta
科属（Family & Genus）：玄参科（Scrophulariaceae）蝴蝶草属
形态特征（Description）：一年生草本，疏被向上弯的硬毛，铺散或倾卧而后上升。茎具棱或狭翅，自基部起多分枝；枝对生，或由于一侧不发育而成二歧状。叶具长0.3-0.5厘米之柄；叶片卵形或卵状披针形，长2-3.5厘米，宽1-1.8厘米，两面疏被短糙毛，边缘具带短尖的锯齿或圆锯齿，先端渐尖或稀为急尖，基部近于圆形，多少下延。花单生于分枝顶部叶腋或顶生，或3-5朵于近顶部的叶腋，排成伞形花序；萼狭长，长1.5-2厘米，宽约4毫米；上部稍扩大；萼齿2枚，长三角形，先端渐尖，具5枚宽1-1.5毫米之翅，其中后方有2枚较窄；果期萼长2.5-3厘米，宽约0.7厘米，成长椭圆形，先端渐尖而稍弯曲，常裂成3-4枚小齿；花冠长3-3.5厘米，暗紫色；上唇倒卵圆形，长0.8厘米，宽1.1厘米；下唇三裂片近于圆形，各有1蓝色斑块；中裂片直径约7毫米，侧裂片稍小；前方一对花丝各具1长约4毫米的丝状附属物。蒴果长椭圆形，长1.6厘米，宽0.4厘米。种子小，矩圆形或近于球形，黄色。花果期5-11月。
分布（Distribution）：分布于云南、贵州，生于拔海1100-1800米间之沟边湿润处。南亚和东南亚也有。
用途（Use）：
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 18 Page 39
Torenia asiatica Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 619. 1753.
长叶蝴蝶草 guang ye hu die cao| Scrophulariaceae | Torenia
Torenia glabra Osbeck.
Herbs, creeping to suberect, rooting from nodes. Branches numerous, long, slender. Petiole 2-8 mm; leaf blade triangular-ovate, narrowly ovate, or ovate-orbicular, 1.5-3.2 X 1-2 cm, glabrous or sparsely villous, base abruptly constricted and subtruncate to broadly cuneate, margin crenate and serrate. Flowers axillary and solitary or in fascicles. Pedicel 0.5-2 cm. Calyx 0.8-1.5 cm, 1.5-2 cm in fruit, 2-lipped, 5-winged; lips narrowly triangular, apex acuminate, further lobed into 5 small lobes; wings more than 1 mm wide, decurrent. Corolla purple-red to blue-red, 1.5-2.5 cm, exceeding calyx by 0.4-1 cm. Anterior stamens appendages linear, 1-2 mm. Capsule 1-1.3 cm. Seeds yellow, ca. 0.4 mm. Fl. and fr. Jun-Sep.
Mountain slopes, trailsides, shady places; below 1700 m. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Xizang, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Japan, Vietnam].
We agree with Burtt (Rheedea 1: 7. 1991) in that the species treated as Torenia asiatica in Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 67(2): 164. 1979 may in fact be a Himalayan species, T. cordata (Griffith) Dutta, and the species that was treated as T. glabra is in fact T. asiatica.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
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