大刺茶藨子Ribes alpestre
中文名（Chinese Name）：大刺茶藨子
学名（Scientific Name）：Ribes alpestre Wall. ex Decne.
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：长刺李、长刺茶藨子、光果高山醋栗
异名（Synonym）：Ribes Subgen. Grossularia (Mill.) A. Rich. Ribes alpestre var. commune Jancz. Ribes grossularia L.: Wall. Roxb.
科属（Family & Genus）：虎耳草科（Saxifragaceae）茶藨子属
形态特征（Description）：落叶灌木，高1-3米；老枝灰黑色，无毛，皮呈条状或片状剥落，小枝灰黑色至灰棕色，幼时被细柔毛，在叶下部的节上着生3枚粗壮刺，刺长1-2厘米，节间常疏生细小针刺或腺毛；芽卵圆形，小，具数枚干膜质鳞片。叶宽卵圆形，长1.5-3厘米，宽2-4厘米，不育枝上的叶更宽大，基部近截形至心脏形，两面被细柔毛，沿叶脉毛较密，老时近无毛，3-5裂，裂片先端钝，顶生裂片稍长于侧生裂片或几等长，边缘具缺刻状粗钝锯齿或重锯齿；叶柄长2-3.5厘米，被细柔毛或疏生腺毛。花两性，2-3朵组成短总状花序或花单生于叶腋；花序轴短，长5-7毫米，具腺毛；花梗长5-8毫米，无毛或具疏腺毛；苞片常成对着生于花梗的节上，宽卵圆形或卵状三角形，长2-3毫米，宽几与长相似；先端急尖或稍圆钝，边缘有稀疏腺毛，具3脉；花萼绿褐色或红褐色，外面具柔毛，常混生稀疏腺毛，稀近无毛；萼筒钟形，长5-6毫米，宽几与长相似，萼片长圆形或舌形，长5-7毫米，宽2-3毫米，先端圆钝，花期向外反折，果期常直立；花瓣椭圆形或长圆形，稀倒卵圆形，长2.5-3.5毫米，宽1.5-2毫米，先端钝或急尖，色较浅，带白色；花托内部无毛；雄蕊长约4-5毫米，伸出花瓣之上，花丝白色，花药卵圆形，先端常具1个杯状蜜腺；子房无柔毛，具腺毛；花柱棒状，长于雄蕊，无毛，约分裂至中部。果实近球形或椭圆形，长12-15毫米，直径10-12毫米，紫红色，无柔毛，具腺毛，味酸。花期4-6月，果期6-9月。
分布（Distribution）：产山西、甘肃、宁夏、青海、四川，生于海拔2500-3700米山坡阴处阔叶林或针叶林下及林缘。
用途（Use）：
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 8 Page 435
Ribes alpestre Wallich ex Decaisne in Jacquemont, Voy. Inde. 4(Bot.): 64. 1844.
长刺茶藨子 chang ci cha biao zi| Saxifragaceae | Ribes
Shrubs 1-3 m tall. Branchlets puberulent when young; nodal spines 3, verticillate, stout, 1-3 cm; internodes sparsely and minutely prickly or stalked glandular. Buds ovoid; scales scarious. Petiole 2-3.5 cm, puberulent or sparsely glandular hairy; leaf blade broadly ovate, 1.5-3 × 2-4 cm, puberulent, more densely so along veins, glabrescent, base subtruncate to cordate; lobes 3-5, margin coarsely obtusely serrate or doubly serrate, apex obtuse; terminal lobe subequaling or slightly longer than lateral ones. Flowers axillary, solitary or 2 or 3 in short racemes, bisexual; bracts paired, broadly ovate to ovate-triangular, 2-3 mm, 3-veined; pedicel 5-8 mm, glabrous or sparsely glandular hairy. Calyx greenish or reddish brown, pubescent and sparsely stalked glandular, rarely glabrous; tube campanulate, 5-6 mm, glabrous adaxially; lobes reflexed, erect in fruit, oblong to ligulate, 5-7 mm. Petals white, elliptic to oblong, rarely obovate, 2.5-3.5 mm. Stamens ca. 4-5 mm; anthers exserted, ovoid, apex with cupular nectary. Ovary glabrous, rarely pubescent, usually stalked glandular. Style clavate, divided for almost 1/2 its length. Fruit purple, globose to ellipsoid, 1.2-1.5 × 1-1.2 cm, usually stalked glandular. Fl. Apr-Jun, fr. Jun-Sep.
Broad-leaved or coniferous forests, undergrowth of sparse forests on sunny slopes, forest margins, foothills, grasslands in ravines, river banks; 1000-3900 m. Gansu, SE Ningxia, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shanxi, W Sichuan, SE Xizang, W Yunnan [Afghanistan, Bhutan, Kashmir].
The fruit can be made into soft drinks and wine or eaten raw.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）：Ribes alpestre Wall. ex Decne.
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：长刺李、长刺茶藨子、光果高山醋栗
异名（Synonym）：Ribes Subgen. Grossularia (Mill.) A. Rich. Ribes alpestre var. commune Jancz. Ribes grossularia L.: Wall. Roxb.
科属（Family & Genus）：虎耳草科（Saxifragaceae）茶藨子属
形态特征（Description）：落叶灌木，高1-3米；老枝灰黑色，无毛，皮呈条状或片状剥落，小枝灰黑色至灰棕色，幼时被细柔毛，在叶下部的节上着生3枚粗壮刺，刺长1-2厘米，节间常疏生细小针刺或腺毛；芽卵圆形，小，具数枚干膜质鳞片。叶宽卵圆形，长1.5-3厘米，宽2-4厘米，不育枝上的叶更宽大，基部近截形至心脏形，两面被细柔毛，沿叶脉毛较密，老时近无毛，3-5裂，裂片先端钝，顶生裂片稍长于侧生裂片或几等长，边缘具缺刻状粗钝锯齿或重锯齿；叶柄长2-3.5厘米，被细柔毛或疏生腺毛。花两性，2-3朵组成短总状花序或花单生于叶腋；花序轴短，长5-7毫米，具腺毛；花梗长5-8毫米，无毛或具疏腺毛；苞片常成对着生于花梗的节上，宽卵圆形或卵状三角形，长2-3毫米，宽几与长相似；先端急尖或稍圆钝，边缘有稀疏腺毛，具3脉；花萼绿褐色或红褐色，外面具柔毛，常混生稀疏腺毛，稀近无毛；萼筒钟形，长5-6毫米，宽几与长相似，萼片长圆形或舌形，长5-7毫米，宽2-3毫米，先端圆钝，花期向外反折，果期常直立；花瓣椭圆形或长圆形，稀倒卵圆形，长2.5-3.5毫米，宽1.5-2毫米，先端钝或急尖，色较浅，带白色；花托内部无毛；雄蕊长约4-5毫米，伸出花瓣之上，花丝白色，花药卵圆形，先端常具1个杯状蜜腺；子房无柔毛，具腺毛；花柱棒状，长于雄蕊，无毛，约分裂至中部。果实近球形或椭圆形，长12-15毫米，直径10-12毫米，紫红色，无柔毛，具腺毛，味酸。花期4-6月，果期6-9月。
分布（Distribution）：产山西、甘肃、宁夏、青海、四川，生于海拔2500-3700米山坡阴处阔叶林或针叶林下及林缘。
用途（Use）：
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 8 Page 435
Ribes alpestre Wallich ex Decaisne in Jacquemont, Voy. Inde. 4(Bot.): 64. 1844.
长刺茶藨子 chang ci cha biao zi| Saxifragaceae | Ribes
Shrubs 1-3 m tall. Branchlets puberulent when young; nodal spines 3, verticillate, stout, 1-3 cm; internodes sparsely and minutely prickly or stalked glandular. Buds ovoid; scales scarious. Petiole 2-3.5 cm, puberulent or sparsely glandular hairy; leaf blade broadly ovate, 1.5-3 × 2-4 cm, puberulent, more densely so along veins, glabrescent, base subtruncate to cordate; lobes 3-5, margin coarsely obtusely serrate or doubly serrate, apex obtuse; terminal lobe subequaling or slightly longer than lateral ones. Flowers axillary, solitary or 2 or 3 in short racemes, bisexual; bracts paired, broadly ovate to ovate-triangular, 2-3 mm, 3-veined; pedicel 5-8 mm, glabrous or sparsely glandular hairy. Calyx greenish or reddish brown, pubescent and sparsely stalked glandular, rarely glabrous; tube campanulate, 5-6 mm, glabrous adaxially; lobes reflexed, erect in fruit, oblong to ligulate, 5-7 mm. Petals white, elliptic to oblong, rarely obovate, 2.5-3.5 mm. Stamens ca. 4-5 mm; anthers exserted, ovoid, apex with cupular nectary. Ovary glabrous, rarely pubescent, usually stalked glandular. Style clavate, divided for almost 1/2 its length. Fruit purple, globose to ellipsoid, 1.2-1.5 × 1-1.2 cm, usually stalked glandular. Fl. Apr-Jun, fr. Jun-Sep.
Broad-leaved or coniferous forests, undergrowth of sparse forests on sunny slopes, forest margins, foothills, grasslands in ravines, river banks; 1000-3900 m. Gansu, SE Ningxia, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shanxi, W Sichuan, SE Xizang, W Yunnan [Afghanistan, Bhutan, Kashmir].
The fruit can be made into soft drinks and wine or eaten raw.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
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