野西瓜苗Hibiscus trionum
中文名（Chinese Name）：野西瓜苗
学名（Scientific Name）：Hibiscus trionum L.
英文名（English Common Name）：flower of an hour
别名（Chinese Common Name）：小秋葵、灯笼花
异名（Synonym）：Hibiscus hispidus Mill. Hibiscus africanus Mill. Hibiscus trionum var. ternatus DC. Trionum annuum Medik. Trionum trionum (L.) Woot. & Standl. Hibiscus dissectus Wall. Hibiscus hastifolius E.Mey. ex Harv. Hibiscus pallidus Raf. ex S.Watson Hibiscus physodes E.Mey. ex Harv. Hibiscus richardsonii Lindl. Hibiscus tridactylites Lindl. Hibiscus trionioides G.Don Hibiscus trionum var. cordifolius DC. Hibiscus uniflorus E.Mey. ex Harv. Hibiscus vesicarius Cav. Ketmia trionum (L.) Scop. Trionum cordifolium Moench Trionum diffusum Moench Trionum frutescens Medik.
科属（Family & Genus）：锦葵科（Malvaceae）木槿属
形态特征（Description）：一年生直立或平卧草本，高25-70厘米，茎柔软，被白色星状粗毛。叶二型，下部的叶圆形，不分裂，上部的叶掌状3-5深裂，直径3-6厘米，中裂片较长，两侧裂片较短，裂片倒卵形至长圆形，通常羽状全裂，上面疏被粗硬毛或无毛，下面疏被星状粗刺毛；叶柄长2-4厘米，被星状粗硬毛和星状柔毛；托叶线形，长约7毫米，被星状粗硬毛。花单生于叶腋，花梗长约2.5厘米，果时延长达4厘米，被星状粗硬毛；小苞片12，线形，长约8毫米，被粗长硬毛，基部合生；花萼钟形，淡绿色，长1.5-2厘米，被粗长硬毛或星状粗长硬毛，裂片5，膜质，三角形，具纵向紫色条纹，中部以上合生；花淡黄色，内面基部紫色，直径2-3厘米，花瓣5，倒卵形，长约2厘米，外面疏被极细柔毛；雄蕊柱长约5毫米，花丝纤细，长约3毫米，花药黄色；花柱枝5，无毛。蒴果长圆状球形，直径约1厘米，被粗硬毛，果爿5，果皮薄，黑色；种子肾形，黑色，具腺状突起。花期7-10月。
分布（Distribution）：原产非洲中部，分布欧洲至亚洲各地，现全国各地均有。
用途（Use）：全草和果实、种子作药用，治烫伤、烧伤、急性关节炎等。
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 12 Page 286, 293
Hibiscus trionum Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 697. 1753.
野西瓜苗 ye xi gua miao | Malvaceae | Hibiscus
Trionum annuum Medikus.
Herbs annual, erect or procumbent, 25-70 cm tall; stems slender, white stellate hirsute. Stipules filiform, ca. 7 mm, stellate coarsely hirsute; petiole 2-4 cm, stellate hirsute and stellate puberulent; leaf blade 3-6 cm in diam., dimorphic; blades on proximal part of stem orbicular, those on distal part of stem palmately 3-5-lobed, central lobe longer, lateral lobes shorter, lobes obovate to oblong, usually pinnate, sparsely stellate spiny hairy abaxially, sparsely hirsute or glabrous adaxially. Flowers solitary, axillary. Pedicel ca. 2.5 cm, elongated to 4 cm in fruiting, stellate hirsute. Epicalyx lobes 12, filiform, connate at base, ca. 8 mm, hirsute. Calyx greenish, campanulate, swollen, connate for ca. 1/2 length, 1.5-2 cm, membranous, long hirsute or stellate hirsute, lobes 5, triangular, longitudinally purple-veined. Corolla very pale yellow with purple center, 2-3 cm in diam.; petals 5, obovate, ca. 2 cm, abaxially sparsely very minutely puberulent. Staminal column ca. 5 mm; filaments slender, free for ca. 3 mm; anthers yellow. Styles 5, glabrous. Capsule oblong-globose, ca. 1 cm in diam., coarsely hirsute; mericarps 5, endocarp black, thin, exocarp papery. Seeds black, reniform, glandularly verrucose. Fl. Jul-Oct.
Ruderal weed. Throughout China [Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan; pantropical].
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）：Hibiscus trionum L.
英文名（English Common Name）：flower of an hour
别名（Chinese Common Name）：小秋葵、灯笼花
异名（Synonym）：Hibiscus hispidus Mill. Hibiscus africanus Mill. Hibiscus trionum var. ternatus DC. Trionum annuum Medik. Trionum trionum (L.) Woot. & Standl. Hibiscus dissectus Wall. Hibiscus hastifolius E.Mey. ex Harv. Hibiscus pallidus Raf. ex S.Watson Hibiscus physodes E.Mey. ex Harv. Hibiscus richardsonii Lindl. Hibiscus tridactylites Lindl. Hibiscus trionioides G.Don Hibiscus trionum var. cordifolius DC. Hibiscus uniflorus E.Mey. ex Harv. Hibiscus vesicarius Cav. Ketmia trionum (L.) Scop. Trionum cordifolium Moench Trionum diffusum Moench Trionum frutescens Medik.
科属（Family & Genus）：锦葵科（Malvaceae）木槿属
形态特征（Description）：一年生直立或平卧草本，高25-70厘米，茎柔软，被白色星状粗毛。叶二型，下部的叶圆形，不分裂，上部的叶掌状3-5深裂，直径3-6厘米，中裂片较长，两侧裂片较短，裂片倒卵形至长圆形，通常羽状全裂，上面疏被粗硬毛或无毛，下面疏被星状粗刺毛；叶柄长2-4厘米，被星状粗硬毛和星状柔毛；托叶线形，长约7毫米，被星状粗硬毛。花单生于叶腋，花梗长约2.5厘米，果时延长达4厘米，被星状粗硬毛；小苞片12，线形，长约8毫米，被粗长硬毛，基部合生；花萼钟形，淡绿色，长1.5-2厘米，被粗长硬毛或星状粗长硬毛，裂片5，膜质，三角形，具纵向紫色条纹，中部以上合生；花淡黄色，内面基部紫色，直径2-3厘米，花瓣5，倒卵形，长约2厘米，外面疏被极细柔毛；雄蕊柱长约5毫米，花丝纤细，长约3毫米，花药黄色；花柱枝5，无毛。蒴果长圆状球形，直径约1厘米，被粗硬毛，果爿5，果皮薄，黑色；种子肾形，黑色，具腺状突起。花期7-10月。
分布（Distribution）：原产非洲中部，分布欧洲至亚洲各地，现全国各地均有。
用途（Use）：全草和果实、种子作药用，治烫伤、烧伤、急性关节炎等。
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 12 Page 286, 293
Hibiscus trionum Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 697. 1753.
野西瓜苗 ye xi gua miao | Malvaceae | Hibiscus
Trionum annuum Medikus.
Herbs annual, erect or procumbent, 25-70 cm tall; stems slender, white stellate hirsute. Stipules filiform, ca. 7 mm, stellate coarsely hirsute; petiole 2-4 cm, stellate hirsute and stellate puberulent; leaf blade 3-6 cm in diam., dimorphic; blades on proximal part of stem orbicular, those on distal part of stem palmately 3-5-lobed, central lobe longer, lateral lobes shorter, lobes obovate to oblong, usually pinnate, sparsely stellate spiny hairy abaxially, sparsely hirsute or glabrous adaxially. Flowers solitary, axillary. Pedicel ca. 2.5 cm, elongated to 4 cm in fruiting, stellate hirsute. Epicalyx lobes 12, filiform, connate at base, ca. 8 mm, hirsute. Calyx greenish, campanulate, swollen, connate for ca. 1/2 length, 1.5-2 cm, membranous, long hirsute or stellate hirsute, lobes 5, triangular, longitudinally purple-veined. Corolla very pale yellow with purple center, 2-3 cm in diam.; petals 5, obovate, ca. 2 cm, abaxially sparsely very minutely puberulent. Staminal column ca. 5 mm; filaments slender, free for ca. 3 mm; anthers yellow. Styles 5, glabrous. Capsule oblong-globose, ca. 1 cm in diam., coarsely hirsute; mericarps 5, endocarp black, thin, exocarp papery. Seeds black, reniform, glandularly verrucose. Fl. Jul-Oct.
Ruderal weed. Throughout China [Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan; pantropical].
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