黑萼棘豆Oxytropis melanocalyx

中文名(Chinese Name):黑萼棘豆
学名(Scientific Name):Oxytropis melanocalyx Bunge
英文名(English Common Name):
别名(Chinese Common Name):
异名(Synonym):Spiesia melanocalyx (Bunge) Kuntze
科属(Family & Genus):蝶形花科,Fabaceae,棘豆属
形态特征(Description):多年生草本,高10-15厘米,较幼的茎几成缩短茎,高75-100毫米;着花的茎多从基部伸出,细弱,散生,有羽状复叶4-6片,被白色及黑色短硬毛。羽状复叶长57 (-15) 厘米;托叶草质,卵状三角形,先端急尖,基部合生但与叶柄分离,下部托叶宿存;叶轴细,疏被黄色长柔毛;小叶9-25,卵形至卵状披针形,长5-11毫米,宽2-4毫米,先端急尖,基部圆形,两面疏被黄色长柔毛。3-10花组成腋生几伞形总状花序;总花梗在开花时长约5厘米,略短于叶,而后伸长至8-14厘米,细弱,下部被白色柔毛,上部被黑色和白色杂生的柔毛;苞片较花梗长,干膜质;花长12毫米;花萼钟状,长约4-6毫米,宽2-3.5毫米,密被黑色短柔毛,并混有黄色或白色长柔毛,萼齿披针状线形,较萼筒短,不超过5毫米;花冠蓝色,旗瓣宽卵形,长12.5毫米,宽9毫米,先端2浅裂,基部有长瓣柄,翼瓣长10毫米,先端微凹,近微缺,基部具极细瓣柄,龙骨瓣长7.5毫米,喙长0.5毫米。荚果纸质,宽长椭圆形,膨胀,下垂,长15-20毫米,宽7-12毫米,具紫堇色彩纹,两端尖,具极短的小尖头,密被黑色杂生的短柔毛,沿两侧缝线成扁的龙骨状突起,二缝线无毛,1室,无梗。花期7-8月,果期8-9月。
分布(Distribution):产陕西、甘肃、青海、四川、云南、西藏等省区。生于海拔3100-4100米的山坡草地或灌丛下。
用途(Use):
引自植物志英文版:FOC Vol. 10 Page 455, 470, 479
Oxytropis melanocalyx Bunge, Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint Pétersbourg, sér. 7. 22(1): 8. 1874.
黑萼棘豆 hei e ji dou | Fabaceae  | Oxytropis
Herbs, usually 5-15(-17) cm tall, caulescent from a sim­ple to much-branched at least slightly subterranean sometimes rhizomatous caudex. Stems with (0 or)1-4 apparent internodes, basally with persistent stipules. Stipules ovate-triangular, herba­ceous, free from petiole, basally connate, apex acute. Leaves mainly (1.8-)4.5-16 cm, 9-25-foliolate; rachis thin, with sparse yellow long trichomes; leaflet blades ovate, ovate-lanceolate, or lanceolate, 5-11 × 2-4 mm, both surfaces with sparse yellow, white, and black long trichomes, base rounded, apex acute. Ra­cemes compact, 3-10(-15)-flowered; peduncle 5.5-14 cm, slightly shorter to longer than leaves, thin, basally with white trichomes, apically with white and black trichomes intermixed; bracts longer than pedicels, membranous. Calyx campanulate, 4-9.2 × 2-3.5 mm, with black short trichomes intermixed with yellow and white trichomes; lobes lanceolate-linear, 2.5-4.7 mm, slightly shorter than tube. Corolla blue; standard (1-)1.1-1.4 cm, lamina broadly ovate, apex rounded to 2-lobed; wings (7.3-)8-11.6 mm, apex rounded to emarginate; keel 6.9-9.5(-11) mm, beak 0.2-1.1 mm. Legume sessile or with a stipe; body broadly oblong, 1.5-2 × 0.7-1.2 cm, pendulous, inflated, papery, 1-locular, with long trichomes. Fl. Jul-Aug, fr. Aug-Sep.
  • Hillsides, among scrub, grasslands, gravelly areas, alpine mead­ows among dwarf Salix on steep slopes, heavily grazed pasture/mead­ows in alpine areas, Larix forests; 2200-5100 m. Gansu, Nei Mongol, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Xinjiang, Xizang, Yunnan.




黑萼棘豆Oxytropis melanocalyx(责任编辑:徐晔春)

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