假地豆Desmodium heterocarpon
中文名（Chinese Name）：假地豆
学名（Scientific Name）：Desmodium heterocarpon (L.) DC.
英文名（English Common Name）：Asian ticktrefoil
别名（Chinese Common Name）：稗豆
异名（Synonym）：Desmodium heterocarpon var. buergeri (Miq.) Hosok. Desmodium buergeri Miq. Hedysarum heterocarpon L. Meibomia heterocarpa (L.) Kuntze Meibomia buergeri (Miq.) Kuntze Desmodium heterocarpon subsp. ovalifolium (Prain) H. Ohashi Hedysarum siliquosum Burm.f. Desmodium heterocarpum (L.)DC. Desmodium buergeri var. patulepilosum Ohwi Desmodium heterocarpon var. patulepilosum (Ohwi)Ohwi Desmodium heterophyllum var. buergeri (Miq.)Hosok. Desmodium polycarpon f. hirsutum Pamp. Desmodium polycarpon var. trichocaulon Baker Desmodium polycarpon (Poir.) DC. Desmodium nervosum Vogel Hedysarum polycarpon Poir.
科属（Family & Genus）：蝶形花科,Fabaceae,山蚂蟥属
形态特征（Description）：小灌木或亚灌木。茎直立或平卧，高30-150厘米，基部多分枝，多少被糙伏毛，后变无毛。叶为羽状三出复叶，小叶3；托叶宿存，狭三角形，长5-15毫米，先端长尖，基部宽，叶柄长1-2厘米，略被柔毛；小叶纸质，顶生小叶椭圆形，长椭圆形或宽倒卵形，长2.5-6厘米，宽1.3-3厘米，侧生小叶通常较小，先端圆或钝，微凹，具短尖，基部钝，上面无毛，无光泽，下面被贴伏白色短柔毛，全缘，侧脉每边5-10条，不达叶缘；小托叶丝状，长约5毫米；小叶柄长1-2毫米，密被糙伏毛。总状花序顶生或腋生，长2.5-7厘米，总花梗密被淡黄色开展的钩状毛；花极密，每2朵生于花序的节上；苞片卵状披针形，被缘毛，在花未开放时呈覆瓦状排列；花梗长3-4毫米，近无毛或疏被毛；花萼长1.5-2毫米，钟形，4裂，疏被柔毛，裂片三角开，较萼筒稍短，上部裂片先端微2裂；花冠紫红色，紫色或白色，长约5毫米，旗瓣倒卵状长圆形先端圆至微缺，基部具短瓣柄，翼瓣倒卵形，具耳和瓣柄，龙骨瓣极弯曲，先端钝；雄蕊二体，长约5毫米；雌蕊长约6毫米，子房无毛或被毛，花柱无毛。荚果密集，狭长圆形，长12-20毫米，宽2.5-3毫米，腹缝线浅波状，腹背两缝线被钩状毛，有荚节4-7，荚节近方形。花期7-10月，果期10-11月。
分布（Distribution）：产长江以南各省区，西至云南，东至台湾。生于海拔350-1800米山坡草地、水旁、灌丛或林中。东南亚、日本、太平洋群岛及大洋洲也有。
用途（Use）：全株供药用，能清热，治跌打损伤。
引自植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 10 Page 269, 273,274
Desmodium heterocarpon (Linnaeus) Candolle, Prodr. 2: 337. 1825.
假地豆 jia di dou | Fabaceae | Desmodium
Shrubs or subshrubs, erect or prostrate, 30-150 cm tall, much branched from base of stem. Leaves 3-foliolate; petiole 1-2 cm, slightly pubescent; terminal leaflet blade elliptic, narrowly elliptic, or broadly obovate, 2.5-6 × 1.3-3 cm, abaxially white adpressed pubescent, adaxially glabrous, base obtuse, apex rounded or obtuse, emarginate, mucronate. Racemes terminal or axillary, 2.5-7 cm; rachis with white, spreading, hooked hairs or yellowish or white, straight, appressed hairs, densely flowered. Pedicel 3-4 mm. Calyx 1.5-2 mm, 4-lobed; upper lobes slightly 2-toothed at apex. Corolla purple, purple-red, or white, ca. 5 mm; standard obovate-oblong, shortly clawed; wings obovate, auriculate, clawed; keel extremely curved, apex obtuse. Infructescence crowded. Legume erect, narrowly oblong, 1.2-2 cm × 2.5-3 mm, upper suture shallowly undulate, both sutures hooked hairy, 4-7-jointed; articles quadrate. Fl. Jul-Oct, fr. Oct-Dec. 2n = 22*.
Grasslands, grassy slopes, watersides, thickets, forests; 300-1800 m. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Bhutan, Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Japan, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam; Africa, Australia, Pacific islands].
We (Huang and Ohashi) differ in our circumscriptions of Desmodium heterocarpon. One of us (Ohashi) recognizes eight infraspecific taxa, including D. heterocarpon subsp. angustifolium H. Ohashi, which corresponds to D. reticulatum in this treatment, and D. heterocarpon subsp. heterocarpon, comprising var. heterocarpon and var. strigosum (see J. Jap. Bot. 66: 14-25. 1991).
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）：Desmodium heterocarpon (L.) DC.
英文名（English Common Name）：Asian ticktrefoil
别名（Chinese Common Name）：稗豆
异名（Synonym）：Desmodium heterocarpon var. buergeri (Miq.) Hosok. Desmodium buergeri Miq. Hedysarum heterocarpon L. Meibomia heterocarpa (L.) Kuntze Meibomia buergeri (Miq.) Kuntze Desmodium heterocarpon subsp. ovalifolium (Prain) H. Ohashi Hedysarum siliquosum Burm.f. Desmodium heterocarpum (L.)DC. Desmodium buergeri var. patulepilosum Ohwi Desmodium heterocarpon var. patulepilosum (Ohwi)Ohwi Desmodium heterophyllum var. buergeri (Miq.)Hosok. Desmodium polycarpon f. hirsutum Pamp. Desmodium polycarpon var. trichocaulon Baker Desmodium polycarpon (Poir.) DC. Desmodium nervosum Vogel Hedysarum polycarpon Poir.
科属（Family & Genus）：蝶形花科,Fabaceae,山蚂蟥属
形态特征（Description）：小灌木或亚灌木。茎直立或平卧，高30-150厘米，基部多分枝，多少被糙伏毛，后变无毛。叶为羽状三出复叶，小叶3；托叶宿存，狭三角形，长5-15毫米，先端长尖，基部宽，叶柄长1-2厘米，略被柔毛；小叶纸质，顶生小叶椭圆形，长椭圆形或宽倒卵形，长2.5-6厘米，宽1.3-3厘米，侧生小叶通常较小，先端圆或钝，微凹，具短尖，基部钝，上面无毛，无光泽，下面被贴伏白色短柔毛，全缘，侧脉每边5-10条，不达叶缘；小托叶丝状，长约5毫米；小叶柄长1-2毫米，密被糙伏毛。总状花序顶生或腋生，长2.5-7厘米，总花梗密被淡黄色开展的钩状毛；花极密，每2朵生于花序的节上；苞片卵状披针形，被缘毛，在花未开放时呈覆瓦状排列；花梗长3-4毫米，近无毛或疏被毛；花萼长1.5-2毫米，钟形，4裂，疏被柔毛，裂片三角开，较萼筒稍短，上部裂片先端微2裂；花冠紫红色，紫色或白色，长约5毫米，旗瓣倒卵状长圆形先端圆至微缺，基部具短瓣柄，翼瓣倒卵形，具耳和瓣柄，龙骨瓣极弯曲，先端钝；雄蕊二体，长约5毫米；雌蕊长约6毫米，子房无毛或被毛，花柱无毛。荚果密集，狭长圆形，长12-20毫米，宽2.5-3毫米，腹缝线浅波状，腹背两缝线被钩状毛，有荚节4-7，荚节近方形。花期7-10月，果期10-11月。
分布（Distribution）：产长江以南各省区，西至云南，东至台湾。生于海拔350-1800米山坡草地、水旁、灌丛或林中。东南亚、日本、太平洋群岛及大洋洲也有。
用途（Use）：全株供药用，能清热，治跌打损伤。
引自植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 10 Page 269, 273,274
Desmodium heterocarpon (Linnaeus) Candolle, Prodr. 2: 337. 1825.
假地豆 jia di dou | Fabaceae | Desmodium
Shrubs or subshrubs, erect or prostrate, 30-150 cm tall, much branched from base of stem. Leaves 3-foliolate; petiole 1-2 cm, slightly pubescent; terminal leaflet blade elliptic, narrowly elliptic, or broadly obovate, 2.5-6 × 1.3-3 cm, abaxially white adpressed pubescent, adaxially glabrous, base obtuse, apex rounded or obtuse, emarginate, mucronate. Racemes terminal or axillary, 2.5-7 cm; rachis with white, spreading, hooked hairs or yellowish or white, straight, appressed hairs, densely flowered. Pedicel 3-4 mm. Calyx 1.5-2 mm, 4-lobed; upper lobes slightly 2-toothed at apex. Corolla purple, purple-red, or white, ca. 5 mm; standard obovate-oblong, shortly clawed; wings obovate, auriculate, clawed; keel extremely curved, apex obtuse. Infructescence crowded. Legume erect, narrowly oblong, 1.2-2 cm × 2.5-3 mm, upper suture shallowly undulate, both sutures hooked hairy, 4-7-jointed; articles quadrate. Fl. Jul-Oct, fr. Oct-Dec. 2n = 22*.
Grasslands, grassy slopes, watersides, thickets, forests; 300-1800 m. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Bhutan, Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Japan, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam; Africa, Australia, Pacific islands].
We (Huang and Ohashi) differ in our circumscriptions of Desmodium heterocarpon. One of us (Ohashi) recognizes eight infraspecific taxa, including D. heterocarpon subsp. angustifolium H. Ohashi, which corresponds to D. reticulatum in this treatment, and D. heterocarpon subsp. heterocarpon, comprising var. heterocarpon and var. strigosum (see J. Jap. Bot. 66: 14-25. 1991).
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
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