蔓草虫豆Cajanus scarabaeoides
中文名（Chinese Name）：蔓草虫豆
学名（Scientific Name）： Cajanus scarabaeoides (L.) Thouars ex Graham
英文名（English Common Name）：showy pigeonpea
别名（Chinese Common Name）：
异名（Synonym）：Atylosia scarabaeoides (L.) Benth. Stizolobium scarabaeoides (L.)Spreng. Rhynchosia scarabaeoides (L.)DC. Rhynchosia biflora DC. Cantharospermum scarabaeoideum (L.)Baill. Cantharospermum pauciflorum Wight & Arn. Atylosia pauciflora (Wight & Arn.)Druce Dolichos minutus Wight & Arn. Glycine scarabaeoides Hb. Ham. & HBC ex Wallich
科属（Family & Genus）：蝶形花科,Fabaceae,木豆属
形态特征（Description）：蔓生或缠绕状草质藤本。茎纤弱，长可达2米，具细纵棱，多少被红褐色或灰褐色短绒毛。叶具羽状3小叶；托叶小，卵形，被毛，常早落；叶柄长1-3厘米；小叶纸质或近革质，下面有腺状斑点，顶生小叶椭圆形至倒卵状椭圆形，长1.5-4厘米，宽0.8-1.5 (3)厘米，先端钝或圆，侧生小叶稍小，斜椭圆形至斜倒卵形，两面薄被褐色短柔毛，但下面较密；基出脉3，在下面脉明显凸起；小托叶缺；小叶柄极短。总状花序腋生，通常长不及2厘米，有花1-5朵；总花梗长2-5毫米，与总轴同被红褐色至灰褐色绒毛；花萼钟状，4齿裂或有时上面2枚不完全合生而呈5裂状，裂片线状披针形，总轴、花梗、花萼均被黄褐色至灰褐色绒毛；花冠黄色，长约1厘米，通常于开花后脱落，旗瓣倒卵形，有暗紫色条纹，基部有呈齿状的短耳和瓣柄，翼瓣狭椭圆状，微弯，基部具瓣柄和耳，龙骨瓣上部弯，具瓣柄；雄蕊二体，花药一式，圆形；子房密被丝质长柔毛，有胚珠数颗。荚果长圆形，长1.5-2.5厘米，宽约6毫米，密被红褐色或灰黄色长毛，果瓣革质，于种子间有横缢线；种子3-7颗，椭圆状，长约4毫米，种皮黑褐色，有凸起的种阜。花期9-10月，果期11-12月。
分布（Distribution）：产云南、四川、贵州、广西、广东、海南、福建、台湾。常生于海拔150-1500米的旷野、路旁或山坡草丛中。为本属分布最广的一种，东自太平洋上一些岛屿、日本琉球群岛，经越南、泰国、缅甸、不丹、尼泊尔，孟加拉、印度、斯里兰卡、巴基斯坦，直至马来西亚、印度尼西亚、大洋洲乃至非洲均有分布。
用途（Use）：叶入药，有健胃、利尿作用。
引自植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 10 Page 230, 232
Cajanus scarabaeoides (Linnaeus) Thouars, Dict. Sci. Nat. 6: 617. 1817.
蔓草虫豆 man cao chong dou | Fabaceae | Cajanus
Dolichos scarabaeoides Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 720. 1753; Atylosia pauciflora (Wight & Arnott) Druce; A. scarabaeoides (Linnaeus) Bentham; A. scarabaeoides var. argyrophyllus Y. T. Wei & S. K. Lee; Cajanus scarabaeoides var. argyrophyllus (Y. T. Wei & S. K. Lee) Y. T. Wei & S. K. Lee; Cantharospermum pauciflorum Wight & Arnott; C. scarabaeoides (Linnaeus) Baillon; Dolichos medicagineus Roxburgh; D. minutus Wight & Arnott; Rhynchosia biflora Candolle; R. scarabaeoides (Linnaeus) Candolle; Stizolobium scarabaeoides (Linnaeus) Sprengel.
Vines, woody, twining or trailing, to 2 m. Stems slender, ± pubescent. Leaves pinnately 3-foliolate; stipules small, ovate, hairy, usually deciduous; petiole 1-2 cm; stipels absent; petiolules extremely short; leaflets papery or nearly leathery, with glandular spots, sparsely pubescent on both surfaces, denser abaxially, basal veins 3, obviously convex below; terminal leaflet elliptic or obovate-elliptic to obovate, 1.2-4 × 0.8-1.5(-3) cm, apex obtuse or rounded; lateral leaflets smaller, obliquely elliptic to obliquely obovate. Raceme axillary, usually less than 2 cm, 1-5-flowered; peduncle 2-5 mm, densely brown to dull brown villous. Calyx campanulate, 5-lobed, or 4-lobed with upper 2 incompletely connate; lobes linear-lanceolate. Corolla yellow, ca. 1 cm, usually deciduous; standard obovate, with emarginate auricle and claw at base; wings narrowly elliptic, slightly curved, base auriculate; keels curved at apex, densely very pale brown villous. Ovules several. Legume oblong, 1.5-2.5 × 0.4-0.6 cm, leathery, densely villous, transversely constricted between seeds. Seeds 2-7, dark brown, ellipsoidal, ca. 4 mm; strophiole convex. Fl. Sep-Nov, fr. Oct-Dec.
Fields, roadsides, grassy slopes, seasides; below 100-1500 m. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Sichuan, Taiwan, Yunnan [Bangladesh, Bhutan, Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Japan, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam; Africa, Oceania].
The roots of Cajanus scarabaeoides are used medicinally.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）： Cajanus scarabaeoides (L.) Thouars ex Graham
英文名（English Common Name）：showy pigeonpea
别名（Chinese Common Name）：
异名（Synonym）：Atylosia scarabaeoides (L.) Benth. Stizolobium scarabaeoides (L.)Spreng. Rhynchosia scarabaeoides (L.)DC. Rhynchosia biflora DC. Cantharospermum scarabaeoideum (L.)Baill. Cantharospermum pauciflorum Wight & Arn. Atylosia pauciflora (Wight & Arn.)Druce Dolichos minutus Wight & Arn. Glycine scarabaeoides Hb. Ham. & HBC ex Wallich
科属（Family & Genus）：蝶形花科,Fabaceae,木豆属
形态特征（Description）：蔓生或缠绕状草质藤本。茎纤弱，长可达2米，具细纵棱，多少被红褐色或灰褐色短绒毛。叶具羽状3小叶；托叶小，卵形，被毛，常早落；叶柄长1-3厘米；小叶纸质或近革质，下面有腺状斑点，顶生小叶椭圆形至倒卵状椭圆形，长1.5-4厘米，宽0.8-1.5 (3)厘米，先端钝或圆，侧生小叶稍小，斜椭圆形至斜倒卵形，两面薄被褐色短柔毛，但下面较密；基出脉3，在下面脉明显凸起；小托叶缺；小叶柄极短。总状花序腋生，通常长不及2厘米，有花1-5朵；总花梗长2-5毫米，与总轴同被红褐色至灰褐色绒毛；花萼钟状，4齿裂或有时上面2枚不完全合生而呈5裂状，裂片线状披针形，总轴、花梗、花萼均被黄褐色至灰褐色绒毛；花冠黄色，长约1厘米，通常于开花后脱落，旗瓣倒卵形，有暗紫色条纹，基部有呈齿状的短耳和瓣柄，翼瓣狭椭圆状，微弯，基部具瓣柄和耳，龙骨瓣上部弯，具瓣柄；雄蕊二体，花药一式，圆形；子房密被丝质长柔毛，有胚珠数颗。荚果长圆形，长1.5-2.5厘米，宽约6毫米，密被红褐色或灰黄色长毛，果瓣革质，于种子间有横缢线；种子3-7颗，椭圆状，长约4毫米，种皮黑褐色，有凸起的种阜。花期9-10月，果期11-12月。
分布（Distribution）：产云南、四川、贵州、广西、广东、海南、福建、台湾。常生于海拔150-1500米的旷野、路旁或山坡草丛中。为本属分布最广的一种，东自太平洋上一些岛屿、日本琉球群岛，经越南、泰国、缅甸、不丹、尼泊尔，孟加拉、印度、斯里兰卡、巴基斯坦，直至马来西亚、印度尼西亚、大洋洲乃至非洲均有分布。
用途（Use）：叶入药，有健胃、利尿作用。
引自植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 10 Page 230, 232
Cajanus scarabaeoides (Linnaeus) Thouars, Dict. Sci. Nat. 6: 617. 1817.
蔓草虫豆 man cao chong dou | Fabaceae | Cajanus
Dolichos scarabaeoides Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 720. 1753; Atylosia pauciflora (Wight & Arnott) Druce; A. scarabaeoides (Linnaeus) Bentham; A. scarabaeoides var. argyrophyllus Y. T. Wei & S. K. Lee; Cajanus scarabaeoides var. argyrophyllus (Y. T. Wei & S. K. Lee) Y. T. Wei & S. K. Lee; Cantharospermum pauciflorum Wight & Arnott; C. scarabaeoides (Linnaeus) Baillon; Dolichos medicagineus Roxburgh; D. minutus Wight & Arnott; Rhynchosia biflora Candolle; R. scarabaeoides (Linnaeus) Candolle; Stizolobium scarabaeoides (Linnaeus) Sprengel.
Vines, woody, twining or trailing, to 2 m. Stems slender, ± pubescent. Leaves pinnately 3-foliolate; stipules small, ovate, hairy, usually deciduous; petiole 1-2 cm; stipels absent; petiolules extremely short; leaflets papery or nearly leathery, with glandular spots, sparsely pubescent on both surfaces, denser abaxially, basal veins 3, obviously convex below; terminal leaflet elliptic or obovate-elliptic to obovate, 1.2-4 × 0.8-1.5(-3) cm, apex obtuse or rounded; lateral leaflets smaller, obliquely elliptic to obliquely obovate. Raceme axillary, usually less than 2 cm, 1-5-flowered; peduncle 2-5 mm, densely brown to dull brown villous. Calyx campanulate, 5-lobed, or 4-lobed with upper 2 incompletely connate; lobes linear-lanceolate. Corolla yellow, ca. 1 cm, usually deciduous; standard obovate, with emarginate auricle and claw at base; wings narrowly elliptic, slightly curved, base auriculate; keels curved at apex, densely very pale brown villous. Ovules several. Legume oblong, 1.5-2.5 × 0.4-0.6 cm, leathery, densely villous, transversely constricted between seeds. Seeds 2-7, dark brown, ellipsoidal, ca. 4 mm; strophiole convex. Fl. Sep-Nov, fr. Oct-Dec.
Fields, roadsides, grassy slopes, seasides; below 100-1500 m. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Sichuan, Taiwan, Yunnan [Bangladesh, Bhutan, Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Japan, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam; Africa, Oceania].
The roots of Cajanus scarabaeoides are used medicinally.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
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