高山捕虫堇

中文名Chinese Name):高山捕虫堇
学名Scientific Name):Pinguicula alpina Bergeret
英文名English Common Name):
别名Chinese Common Name):捕虫堇
异名Synonym):Pinguicula vulgaris L.
科属Family & Genus):狸藻科(Lentibulariaceae)捕虫堇属
形态特征Description):多年生草本。根多数,粗0.4-1毫米。叶3-13,基生呈莲座状,脆嫩多汁,干时膜质;叶片长椭圆形,长1-4.5厘米,宽0.5-1.7厘米,边缘全缘并内卷,顶端钝形或圆形,基部宽楔形,下延成短柄,上面密生多数分泌粘液的腺毛,背面无毛,两面淡绿色,侧脉每边5-7条。花单生。花梗1-5条,长2.5-13厘米,粗0.4-1.2毫米,上部于结果时增粗,无毛。花萼2深裂,无毛;上唇3浅裂,裂片卵圆形,花期长2-3毫米,果期长2.5-4毫米,下唇2浅裂,裂片卵形,花期长1-1.5毫米,果期长1.5-2.5毫米。花冠长9-20毫米,白色,距淡黄色;上唇2裂达中部,裂片宽卵形至近圆形,长2-4.5毫米,宽2-4.5毫米,下唇3深裂,中裂片较大,圆形或宽倒卵形,顶端圆形或截形,长3-8毫米,宽4-8毫米,侧裂片宽卵形,长1.5-5毫米,宽2-6毫米;筒漏斗状,长3-7毫米,口直径5-10毫米,外面无毛,内面具白色短柔毛;距圆柱状,长3-6毫米,中部粗2-2.5毫米,顶端圆形。雄蕊无毛;花丝线形,弯曲,长1.4-1.6毫米;药室顶端汇合。雌蕊无毛;子房球形,直径约1.5毫米;花柱极短;柱头下唇圆形,宽约1.8-2毫米,边缘流苏状,上唇微小,狭三角形。蒴果卵球形至椭圆球形,长5-7毫米,宽2.5-5毫米,无毛,室背开裂。种子多数,长椭圆形,长0.6-0.8毫米,种皮无毛,具网状突起,网格纵向延长。花期5-7月,果期7-9月。
分布Distribution):产陕西、四川、贵州、云南和西藏。生海拔2300-4500米的阴湿岩壁间或高山杜鹃灌丛下。分布于欧洲和亚洲的温带高山地区。
用途Use):
引自植物志英文版FOC Vol. 19 Page 480
Pinguicula alpina Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 17. 1753.
高山捕虫堇 gao shan bu chong jin | Lentibulariaceae  | Pinguicula
Herbs, perennial, overwintering by a resting bud; bud ovoid, ca. 1 cm. Roots numerous, 0.4-1 mm thick. Leaves shortly petiolate; leaf blade pale green, elliptic-oblong to lanceolate-oblong, 1-4.5 × 0.5-1.7 cm, abaxially glabrous, secondary veins 5-7 on each side of midvein, base broadly cuneate, margin involute, apex obtuse to rounded. Flowers 1-5, from generative (spring) rosette. Pedicel 2.5-13 cm × 0.4-1.2 mm, glabrous, apical part enlarged in fruit. Calyx parted from base into 2 lips, glabrous; lower lip 1-2.5 mm, 2-lobed, lobes obovate; upper lip 2-4 mm, 3-lobed, lobes triangular-ovate. Corolla mostly white with 1 or more yellow spots on palate, 0.9-2 cm; tube shortly funnelform-tubular, 3-7 mm, outside glabrous, inside puberulent; spur yellowish, cylindric, straight, ± as long as corolla tube, apex rounded; lobes of lower lip circular to broadly ovate, apex rounded to obtuse; lobes of upper lip broadly ovate to suborbicular, apex obtuse. Filaments curved, 1.4-1.6 mm; anther thecae confluent. Ovary globose, ca. 1.5 mm in diam.; style short but distinct; stigma lower lip circular and ciliate, upper lip deltoid. Capsule ovoid-oblong, 5-7 mm, glabrous. Seeds narrowly ellipsoid, 0.6-0.8 mm; seed coat with small prominent elongate reticulations. Fl. May-Jul, fr. Jul-Sep. 2n = 32.
Bogs and wet places on mountains; 1800-4500 m. Chongqing, Gansu, NE Guizhou, W Hubei, E Qinghai, S Shaanxi, Sichuan, S and SE Xizang, NW Yunnan [Bhutan, N India, Kashmir, Mongolia, N Myanmar, Nepal, Russia; Europe].
The report of Pinguicula vulgaris Linnaeus from Shaanxi (Iconogr. Cormophyt. Sin. 4: 148. 1975) is in fact P. alpina.
高山捕虫堇

高山捕虫堇

高山捕虫堇
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