头花赤瓟Thladiantha capitata

中文名(Chinese Name):头花赤瓟
学名(Scientific Name):Thladiantha capitata Cogn.
英文名(English Common Name):
别名(Chinese Common Name):
异名(Synonym):
科属(Family & Genus):葫芦科(Cucurbitaceae)赤瓟属
形态特征(Description):草质藤本;茎、枝具较深的棱沟,几无毛。叶柄纤细,长7-9厘米,无毛;叶片膜质,宽卵形或宽卵状三角形,长10-15 (-20) 厘米,宽8-12 (-15) 厘米,顶端渐尖,边缘有稀疏的具胼胝质小齿,基部的弯缺深而宽,深1.5-3厘米,宽2-3.5厘米,两面无毛,上面深绿色,密布基部疣状膨大的白色短刚毛,毛断裂后,成瘤状突起,粗糙,背面色浅,无毛或在脉上有极少数短刚毛,掌状脉,基部一对侧脉沿弯缺向外展开。卷须稍粗壮,无毛,2歧。雌雄异株。雄花:聚成伞形总状花序或近头状总状花序,密集生于花序轴顶端,花序常具8-15朵花,花序轴细弱或有时粗壮,长 (2-) 5-11 (-17) 厘米,无毛,多数无总苞片和苞片,有时在花序轴上端花丛的基部有一叶状苞片,总苞片卵形,长1.5-3厘米,宽1-2.8厘米;花梗纤细,丝状,无毛,长4-8毫米;花萼筒倒锥形,基部急尖,长5毫米,裂片线状披针形或线状舌形,长约10毫米,基部宽1.2毫米,向上部渐宽,中部达1.5毫米,1脉,顶端急尖,内面有短柔毛,外面近无毛;花冠黄色,裂片狭卵形,长1-1.2厘米,宽0.5-0.6厘米,顶端急尖,5脉,内面被微柔毛,尤以下部的毛较密;雄蕊5枚,花丝稍粗,长4-4.5毫米,有微柔毛,花药卵状长圆形,长2-2.2毫米。雌花:单生或2-3朵生于总花梗的顶端,总花梗短而粗,长0.5-2.5 (-5) 厘米;花梗粗壮,长1.5-2厘米,单生花花梗长达3-5厘米;花萼筒倒锥形,裂片线状披针形,长8-12毫米,宽1.5-1.8毫米,1脉,两面近无毛;花冠黄色,裂片长圆形,长1.5-2.8厘米,宽1-1.2厘米,先端渐尖,里面被微柔毛,下部尤密,5脉;子房狭长圆形,长1.5-1.8厘米,粗0.3-0.4毫米,顶端渐狭,基部近截平,稍向内凹,表面光滑,花柱细,长0.5厘米,自3毫米处3裂,柱大膨大,肾形,宽2毫米。果实长圆形,长约4厘米,粗约2.5毫米。花果期夏、秋季。
分布(Distribution):产四川西部,生于海拔1000-2700米的林缘、山坡及灌木丛中。
用途(Use):
引自中国植物志英文版FOC Vol. 19 Page 21, 27
Thladiantha capitata Cogniaux in Engler, Pflanzenr. 66(IV. 275. I): 51. 1916.
头花赤瓟 tou hua chi bao| Cucurbitaceae  | Thladiantha
Vines, climbing, herbaceous. Stem and branches angular-sulcate, subglabrous. Petiole slender, 7-9 cm, glabrous; leaf blade abaxially pale green, broadly ovate or broadly ovate-triangular, 10-15(-20) × 8-12(-15) cm, membranous, both surfaces glabrous, adaxially scabrous, basal lateral veins along margin of sinus, margin sparsely dentate, apex acuminate; basal sinus 1.5-3 cm deep, 2-3.5 cm wide. Tendrils glabrous, 2-fid. Male flowers at apex of peduncle in congested subumbel, umbelliform raceme, or pseudocapitulum, usually 8-15-flowered; peduncle (2-)5-11(-17) cm, glabrous, sometimes with a bract; bract ovate, 1.5-3 × 1-2.8 cm; pedicels filiform, 4-8 mm; calyx tube obconical, ca. 5 mm; segments linear-lanceolate, ca. 10 × 1.5 mm, abaxially puberulent, adaxially glabrous, 1-veined, apex acute; corolla segments narrowly ovate, 10-12 × 5-6 mm, adaxially pubescent, 5-veined, apex acute; filaments 4-4.5 mm, puberulent; anthers ovoid-oblong, 2-2.2 mm. Female flowers solitary, or 2 or 3 flowers at apex of peduncle; pedicels 3-5 cm when flowers solitary; calyx segments linear-lanceolate, 8-12 × 1.5-1.8 mm, 1-veined; corolla segments oblong, 15-28 × 1-12 mm, 5-veined, apex acuminate; ovary narrowly oblong, 15-18 mm, smooth, base subtruncate, apex attenuate; style slender, ca. 5 mm, 3-fid; stigma enlarged, reniform, ca. 2 mm wide. Fruit oblong, ca. 4 × 2.5 cm. Fl. and fr. May-Nov.
● Forest margins, thickets, mountain slopes; 1000-2700 m. W Sichuan.
头花赤瓟Thladiantha capitata

头花赤瓟Thladiantha capitata

(责任编辑:徐晔春)

顶一下[0]

踩一下[0]