南方菟丝子Cuscuta australis

中文名(Chinese Name):南方菟丝子
学名(Scientific Name):Cuscuta australis Kunth
英文名(English Common Name):Peruvian dodder
别名(Chinese Common Name):金线藤、欧洲菟丝子
异名(Synonym):Cuscuta hygrophilae H. Pearson  Cuscuta obtusiflora var. australis (R. Br.) Engelm.  Cuscuta kawakamii Hayata  Cuscuta cordofana (Engelm.) Yunck.  Cuscuta millettii Hook. & Arn.  Cuscuta obtusiflora var. cordofana Engelm.
科属(Family & Genus):旋花科(Convolvulaceae)菟丝子属
形态特征(Description):一年生寄生草本。茎缠绕,金黄色,纤细,直径1毫米左右,无叶。花序侧生,少花或多花簇生成小伞形或小团伞花序,总花序梗近无;苞片及小苞片均小,鳞片状;花梗稍粗壮,长1-2.5毫米;花萼杯状,基部连合,裂片3-4-5,长圆形或近圆形,通常不等大,长约0.8-1.8毫米,顶端圆;花冠乳白色或淡黄色,杯状,长约2毫米,裂片卵形或长圆形,顶端圆,约与花冠管近等长,直立,宿存;雄蕊着生于花冠裂片弯缺处,比花冠裂片稍短;鳞片小,边缘短流苏状;子房扁球形,花柱2,等长或稍不等长,柱头球形。蒴果扁球形,直径3-4毫米,下半部为宿存花冠所包,成熟时不规则开裂,不为周裂。通常有4种子,淡褐色,卵形,长约1.5毫米,表面粗糙。
分布(Distribution):我国大部分省区有分布,寄生于田边、路旁的小灌木或草本植物上。亚洲至大洋洲均有。
用途(Use):
引自中国植物志英文版FOC Vol. 16 Page 322
Cuscuta australis R. Brown, Prodr. 491. 1810.
南方菟丝子 nan fang tu si zi| Convolvulaceae  | Cuscuta
Cuscuta hygrophilae Pearson; C. kawakamii Hayata; C. millettii Hooker & Arnott; C. obtusiflora Kunth var. australis Engelmann.
Stems golden, thin, ca. 1 mm in diam. Inflorescences lateral, compact cymose glomerules, few to many flowered, subsessile; bracts scaly. Pedicel 1-2.5 mm. Calyx cupular, ca. as long as corolla tube; sepals 3-5, oblong or circular, often unequal, 0.8-1.8 mm, apex rotund. Corolla white or creamy white, cupular, ca. 2 mm; lobes persistent, erect, ovate or oblong. Stamens inserted at sinus, shorter than lobes; scales shorter than tube, deeply 2-cleft, fimbrillate. Ovary depressed globose. Styles 2, equal or unequal in length; stigmas globose. Capsule enclosed by persistent corolla, depressed-globose, 3-4 mm in diam., irregularly opening, not circumscissile. Seeds 4, brownish, ovoid, ca. 1.5 mm, scabrous.
Often on herbaceous or shrubby plants such as Fabaceae, Asteraceae (Artemisia), Verbenaceae (Vitex); 100-2000 m. Widespread in China: Anhui, Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Hebei, Heilongjiang , Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Xinjiang, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Asia, Australia, Europe]
The whole plant and the seeds have a number of medicinal uses.
According to Kamelin (in litt.), the specimens identified as Cuscuta australis require further study. Possibly two or three species are combined in this description, one of them, probably C. cesatiana Berthol, which perhaps represents the material from Xinjiang.

南方菟丝子Cuscuta australis

南方菟丝子Cuscuta australis

南方菟丝子Cuscuta australis

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