中文名（Chinese Name）：华凤仙
学名（Scientific Name）：Impatiens chinensis Linn.
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：水边指甲花
异名（Synonym）：Impatiens cosmia Hook. f.；Impatiens crassicornu Hook. f.  
科属（Family & Genus）：凤仙花科（Balsaminaceae）凤仙花属
形态特征（Description）：一年生草本，高30-60厘米。茎纤细，无毛，上部直立，下部横卧，节略膨大，有不定根。叶对生，无柄或几无柄；叶片硬纸质，线形或线状披针形，稀倒卵形，长2-10厘米，宽0.5-1厘米，先端尖或稍钝，基部近心形或截形，有托叶状的腺体，边缘疏生刺状锯齿，上面绿色，被微糙毛，下面灰绿色，无毛，侧脉5-7对，不明显。花较大，单生或2-3朵簇生于叶腋，无总花梗，紫红色或白色；花梗细，长2-4厘米，一侧常被硬糙毛；苞片线形，位于花梗的基部；侧生萼片2，线形，长约10毫米，宽约1毫米，先端尖，唇瓣漏斗状，长约15毫米，具条纹，基部渐狭成内弯或旋卷的长距；旗瓣圆形，直径约10毫米，先端微凹，背面中肋具狭翅，顶端具小尖，翼瓣无柄，长14-15毫米，2裂，下部裂片小，近圆形，上部裂片宽倒卵形至斧形，先端圆钝，外缘近基部具小耳；雄蕊5，花丝线形，扁，花药卵球形，顶端钝；子房纺锤形，直立，稍尖。蒴果椭圆形，中部膨大，顶端喙尖，无毛。种子数粒，圆球形，直径约2毫米，黑色，有光泽。
分布（Distribution）：产江西、福建、浙江、安徽、广东、广西及云南等各省区，生于海拔100-1200米的池塘、水沟旁、田边或沼泽地。东南亚也有。
用途（Use）：全草入药，有清热解毒、消肿拔脓、活血散瘀之功效。用于治肺结核、颜面及喉头肿痛、热痢、小便混浊、湿热带下及痈疮肿毒等症。
引自中国植物志英文版FOC Vol. 12 Page 44, 57
Impatiens chinensis Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 2: 937. 1753.
华凤仙 hua feng xian| Balsaminaceae  | Impatiens
Impatiens cosmia J. D. Hooker; I. crassicornu J. D. Hooker.
Plants annual, 30-60 cm tall. Stem erect in upper part, prostrate basally, slender, glabrous; nodes slightly swollen, with adventitious roots. Leaves opposite, sessile or subsessile; leaf blade gray-green abaxially, green adaxially, linear or linear-lanceolate, rarely obovate, 2-10 × 0.5-1 cm, rigidly papery, with stipular basal glands, abaxially glabrous, adaxially scabrous, lateral veins 5-7 pairs, inconspicuous, base subcordate, truncate, or rounded, margin remotely spiniform-serrate, apex acute or slightly obtuse. Inflorescences 1-flowered, or flowers 2- or 3-fascicled in leaf axils; peduncles absent. Pedicels 2-4.4 cm, slender, often scabrous hairy on one side, bracteate at base; bracts linear. Flowers purple-red or white, large. Lateral sepals 2, linear, ca. 1 × 0.1 cm, apex acute. Lower sepal funnelform, ca. 1.5 cm deep, striate, gradually narrowed into an incurved or involute, slender spur. Upper petal orbicular, ca. 1 cm in diam., apex emarginate, mucronulate, abaxial midvein narrowly carinate; lateral united petals not clawed, 1.4-1.5 cm, 2-lobed; basal lobes suborbicular, small; distal lobes broadly obovate to dolabriform (axe-shaped), apex rounded-obtuse; auricle narrow. Stamens 5; filaments linear, compressed; anthers ovoid-orbicular, apex obtuse. Ovary fusiform. Capsule elliptic, turgid at middle, glabrous. Seeds black, globose, ca. 2 mm in diam., shiny. Fl. Jun-Aug, fr. Sep-Nov. 2n = 16.
Often beside ponds, streamsides, field margins, swamps; 100-1200 m. Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Hunan, Jiangxi, Yunnan, Zhejiang [India, Malaysia, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam].
The whole plant is used medicinally for relieving fever and pain, removing toxic materials, promoting blood circulation, treating diarrhea, curing urinary infections, and healing carbuncles.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）