羽毛荸荠Eleocharis wichurae
中文名（Chinese Name）：羽毛荸荠
学名（Scientific Name）：Eleocharis wichurae Boeckeler
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：
异名（Synonym）：Eleocharis liukiuensis Makino Eleocharis wichurae f. teres (H.Hara) Ohwi Eleocharis wichurae var. teres H.Hara Eleocharis wichurae f. vivipara Ueno Eleocharis hakonensis Franch. & Sav.
科属（Family & Genus）：莎草科Cyperaceae荸荠属Eleocharis
形态特征（Description）：一般无匍匐根状茎，但有时具短的匍匐根状茎。稈少数，丛生，高30-50厘米，锐四稜柱状，细弱，光滑，无毛，灰绿色，在稈的基部有1-2个叶鞘；鞘带红色或紫红色，顶端向一面深裂因而鞘口很斜。小穗卵形、长圆形或披针形，顶端急尖，稍斜生，长8-12毫米，直径3-5毫米，初近褐色。后期苍白色，有多数花。在小穗基部的2片鳞片中空无花，对生，最下的一片抱小穗基部几一周，其余鳞片紧密地螺旋状排列，全有花，长圆形或椭圆形，顶端钝圆，长3毫米，宽近2毫米，膜质，舟状，背部淡绿色，中脉一条细而不明显，两侧有带锈色条纹，边缘为宽干膜质；下位刚毛6条，或多或少与小坚果（连花柱基在内）等长，锈褐色，密生疏柔毛，毛白色，倒向或平展，软弱，羽毛状或近似鸡毛掸；柱头3。小坚果倒卵形或宽倒卵形，微扁，钝三稜形，腹面微凸，背面十分隆起，长（不连花柱基）1.3-1.5毫米，宽1-1.1毫米，淡橄榄色，后期淡褐色；花柱基异常膨大，圆锥形至长圆形，顶端急尖或钝，有时截形，扁，白色，密布乳头状突起，长为小坚果的3/5-2/3，宽为小坚果1/2-2/3（-4/5）。花果期7月。
分布（Distribution）：产于甘肃、河北、山东、浙江、东北等省；生于水边草丛中，海拔1680米。此外，分布于朝鲜、苏联远东地区和日本。
用途（Use）：
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 23 Page 189, 194
Eleocharis wichurae Boeckeler, Linnaea. 36: 448. 1870.
羽毛荸荠 yu mao bi qi | Cyperaceae | Eleocharis
Eleocharis petasata (Maximowicz) G. Zinserling; Scirpus petasatus Maximowicz.
Perennials. Stolons short or absent. Culms grayish green, tufted, 30-60 cm tall, slender, sharply 4-angled, smooth. Leaf sheaths 1 or 2, reddish to purplish, mouth very obliquely truncate. Spikelet brownish at first but becoming pale green, ovoid, narrowly ovoid, or oblong, 8-15 × 3-5 mm, slightly oblique, many flowered, apex acute. Basal 2 glumes empty; basalmost glume amplexicaul for whole spikelet base; fertile glumes pale green medially and rust-colored striate on both sides, tightly spirally imbricate, oblong to elliptic and boat-shaped, 4-6 × 2-2.5 mm, membranous, midvein thin and obscure, margin broadly hyaline, apex obtuse-rounded. Perianth bristles 6, rust-colored, as long as nutlet (including style base), plumose with spreading hairs. Stigmas 3. Nutlet pale olivaceous, turning brownish when mature, shortly stipitate, obovoid to broadly obovoid, ca. 1.5 × 2 mm, obtusely 3-sided, slightly compressed, both surfaces smooth, apex not constricted; persistent style base very inflated, narrowly ovoid, as long and as wide as nutlet or nearly so, laterally compressed, densely mammillate, apex acute to obtuse. Fl. and fr. Jul-Sep.
Shallow water in valleys, grasslands by water, marshy areas; 900-1700 m. Anhui, SE Gansu, W Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Jiangsu, Jilin, Liaoning, NE Nei Mongol, S Shaanxi, Shandong, Zhejiang [Japan, Korea, Russia (Far East, Siberia)].
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）：Eleocharis wichurae Boeckeler
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：
异名（Synonym）：Eleocharis liukiuensis Makino Eleocharis wichurae f. teres (H.Hara) Ohwi Eleocharis wichurae var. teres H.Hara Eleocharis wichurae f. vivipara Ueno Eleocharis hakonensis Franch. & Sav.
科属（Family & Genus）：莎草科Cyperaceae荸荠属Eleocharis
形态特征（Description）：一般无匍匐根状茎，但有时具短的匍匐根状茎。稈少数，丛生，高30-50厘米，锐四稜柱状，细弱，光滑，无毛，灰绿色，在稈的基部有1-2个叶鞘；鞘带红色或紫红色，顶端向一面深裂因而鞘口很斜。小穗卵形、长圆形或披针形，顶端急尖，稍斜生，长8-12毫米，直径3-5毫米，初近褐色。后期苍白色，有多数花。在小穗基部的2片鳞片中空无花，对生，最下的一片抱小穗基部几一周，其余鳞片紧密地螺旋状排列，全有花，长圆形或椭圆形，顶端钝圆，长3毫米，宽近2毫米，膜质，舟状，背部淡绿色，中脉一条细而不明显，两侧有带锈色条纹，边缘为宽干膜质；下位刚毛6条，或多或少与小坚果（连花柱基在内）等长，锈褐色，密生疏柔毛，毛白色，倒向或平展，软弱，羽毛状或近似鸡毛掸；柱头3。小坚果倒卵形或宽倒卵形，微扁，钝三稜形，腹面微凸，背面十分隆起，长（不连花柱基）1.3-1.5毫米，宽1-1.1毫米，淡橄榄色，后期淡褐色；花柱基异常膨大，圆锥形至长圆形，顶端急尖或钝，有时截形，扁，白色，密布乳头状突起，长为小坚果的3/5-2/3，宽为小坚果1/2-2/3（-4/5）。花果期7月。
分布（Distribution）：产于甘肃、河北、山东、浙江、东北等省；生于水边草丛中，海拔1680米。此外，分布于朝鲜、苏联远东地区和日本。
用途（Use）：
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 23 Page 189, 194
Eleocharis wichurae Boeckeler, Linnaea. 36: 448. 1870.
羽毛荸荠 yu mao bi qi | Cyperaceae | Eleocharis
Eleocharis petasata (Maximowicz) G. Zinserling; Scirpus petasatus Maximowicz.
Perennials. Stolons short or absent. Culms grayish green, tufted, 30-60 cm tall, slender, sharply 4-angled, smooth. Leaf sheaths 1 or 2, reddish to purplish, mouth very obliquely truncate. Spikelet brownish at first but becoming pale green, ovoid, narrowly ovoid, or oblong, 8-15 × 3-5 mm, slightly oblique, many flowered, apex acute. Basal 2 glumes empty; basalmost glume amplexicaul for whole spikelet base; fertile glumes pale green medially and rust-colored striate on both sides, tightly spirally imbricate, oblong to elliptic and boat-shaped, 4-6 × 2-2.5 mm, membranous, midvein thin and obscure, margin broadly hyaline, apex obtuse-rounded. Perianth bristles 6, rust-colored, as long as nutlet (including style base), plumose with spreading hairs. Stigmas 3. Nutlet pale olivaceous, turning brownish when mature, shortly stipitate, obovoid to broadly obovoid, ca. 1.5 × 2 mm, obtusely 3-sided, slightly compressed, both surfaces smooth, apex not constricted; persistent style base very inflated, narrowly ovoid, as long and as wide as nutlet or nearly so, laterally compressed, densely mammillate, apex acute to obtuse. Fl. and fr. Jul-Sep.
Shallow water in valleys, grasslands by water, marshy areas; 900-1700 m. Anhui, SE Gansu, W Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Jiangsu, Jilin, Liaoning, NE Nei Mongol, S Shaanxi, Shandong, Zhejiang [Japan, Korea, Russia (Far East, Siberia)].
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
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