中文名（Chinese Name）：扫帚菜
学名（Scientific Name）： Kochia scoparia f.trichophylla
英文名（English Common Name）：burningbush
别名（Chinese Common Name）：
异名（Synonym）：Chenopodium scoparium L.  Bassia sieversiana (Pallas) W.A. Weber  Kochia alata Bates  Kochia trichophila Stapf  Bassia scoparia (L.) A.J. Scott  Kochia scoparia var. subvillosa Moq.  Kochia scoparia var. trichophila (Stapf) Bailey  Kochia scoparia var. culta Farw.  Kochia scoparia var. pubescens Fenzl  Atriplex scoparia (L.) Crantz  Bassia scoparia subsp. culta (Voss) Nebot & al.  Bassia scoparia subsp. densiflora (Turcz. ex Aellen) Cirujano & Velayos  Bassia scoparia var. culta Voss  Bassia scoparia var. subvillosa (Moq.) Lambinon  Bassia scoparia var. trichophylla (Voss) S.L.Welsh  Bassia sicorica (O.Bolòs & Masclans) Greuter & Burdet  Bushiola scoparia (L.) Nieuwl.  Chenopodium scoparia L.  Kochia scoparia f. densiflora Moq.  Kochia scoparia f. remotiflora Beck  Kochia scoparia subsp. densiflora (Turcz. ex Aellen) Aellen  Kochia scoparia var. alata Blom  Kochia scoparia var. densiflora Moq.  Kochia scoparia var. songarica (Siev. ex Pall.) Moq.  Kochia sicorica O.Bolòs & Masclans  Kochia trichophylla hort.  Kochia densiflora Turcz. ex Aellen  Kochia parodii var. contracta Aellen  Kochia parodii var. densa Aellen  Kochia parodii var. elongata Aellen  Kochia parodii var. glabrescen Aellen  Kochia parodii Aellen  Kochia prostrata var. densiflora Moq.  Salsola scoparia (L.) M.Bieb.  Salsola sieversiana Pall. ex Steud.  Salsola songarica Siev. ex Pall.  Suaeda cinerea Schur
科属（Family & Genus）：藜科（Chenopodiaceae）地肤属
形态特征（Description）：一年生草本，高50-100厘米。根略呈纺锤形。茎直立，圆柱状，淡绿色或带紫红色，有多数条棱，稍有短柔毛或下部几无毛；分枝稀疏，斜上。叶为平面叶，披针形或条状披针形，长2-5厘米，宽3-7毫米，无毛或稍有毛，先端短渐尖，基部渐狭入短柄，通常有3条明显的主脉，边缘有疏生的锈色绢状缘毛；茎上部叶较小，无柄，1脉。花两性或雌性，通常1-3个生于上部叶腋，构成疏穗状圆锥状花序，花下有时有锈色长柔毛；花被近球形，淡绿色，花被裂片近三角形，无毛或先端稍有毛；翅端附属物三角形至倒卵形，有时近扇形，膜质，脉不很明显，边缘微波状或具缺刻；花丝丝状，花药淡黄色；柱头2,丝状，紫褐色，花柱极短。胞果扁球形，果皮膜质，与种子离生。种子卵形，黑褐色，长1.5-2毫米，稍有光泽；胚环形，胚乳块状。花期6-9月，果期7-10月。
分布（Distribution）：全国各地均产。生于田边、路旁、荒地等处。分布于欧洲及亚洲。
用途（Use）：。幼苗可做蔬菜；果实称“地肤子”，为常用中药，能清湿热、利尿，治尿痛、尿急、小便不利及荨麻疹。
引自中国植物志英文版FOC Vol. 5 Page 385
Kochia scoparia (Linnaeus) Schrader, Neues J. Bot. 3: 85. 1809.
地肤 di fu | Chenopodiaceae  | Kochia
Chenopodium scoparium Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 221. 1753.
Herbs annual, 50-100 cm tall. Root fusiform. Stem erect, terete, light green or reddish purple, ribbed, slightly pubescent or subglabrous below; branches sparse, oblique. Leaves lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, complanate, 2-5 cm × 3-7 mm, usually with 3 distinct main veins, glabrous or slightly hairy, base attenuate into petiole, margin sparsely ferruginous ciliate, apex shortly acuminate; upper leaves sessile, smaller, 1-veined. Flowers bisexual or female, usually 1-3 per glomerule in axils of upper leaves and forming sparse, spikelike panicles; rachis beneath flowers sometimes ferruginous pilose. Perianth light green, subglobose; segments subtriangular, glabrous or apex slightly hairy, rarely wholly pubescent; winglike appendages triangular to obovate, sometimes subflabellate, membranous, obscurely veined, margin repand or incised. Filaments filiform. Style very short; stigmas 2, usually brownish purple. Utricle depressed globose; pericarp membranous, free from seed. Seed black-brown, sublustrous, ovoid, 1.5-2 mm; perisperm coherent. Fl. Jun-Sep, fr. Jul-Oct.
Valleys, river banks, beaches, wastelands, field margins, roadsides; also cultivated. Throughout China [Asia, Europe; widely naturalized in Africa, Australia, and North and South America].
Kochia scoparia is an extremely variable species. Several forms, varieties, and subspecies have been described. Of these taxa, the most widespread in China is probably var. (or subsp.) scoparia, whereas plants with lower branches arcuate, axis of inflorescence distinctly pubescent, and flowers surrounded by a dense tuft of long hairs exceeding the perianth segments have been called var. subvillosa Moquin-Tandon (in Candolle, Prodr. 13(2): 131. 1849). The nomenclature of this latter variety is extremely confused; in particular, it has been called K. densiflora Turczaninow ex B. D. Jackson (K. scoparia subsp. densiflora (Turczaninow ex B. D. Jackson) M. Velayos & S. Cirujano; K. scoparia var. albovillosa Kitagawa), and the names K. sieversiana (Pallas) C. A. Meyer and K. scoparia var. sieversiana (Pallas) Ulbrich ex Ascherson & Graebner have been misapplied to this entity.
This species also has a horticultural form, f. trichophylla (A. Voss) Stapf ex Schinz & Thellung, which is characterized by plants appearing ovoid or obovoid (“cypresslike”), with crowded branches, and leaves narrower. It is cultivated in the countryside for brooms. In late autumn, the branches and leaves become red or orange and can be used ornamentally.
The young plants are eaten as a vegetable, and the utricles are used medicinally.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）