牛耳朵Chirita eburnea

中文名(Chinese Name):牛耳朵
学名(Scientific Name):Chirita eburnea Hance
英文名(English Common Name):
别名(Chinese Common Name):岩青菜
异名(Synonym):Chirita fauriei Franch.  Didymocarpus eburneus (Hance) H. Lév.  Didymocarpus fauriei (Franch.) H. Lév.  Roettlera eburnea (Hance) Kuntze
科属(Family & Genus):苦苣苔科(Gesneriaceae)唇柱苣苔属
形态特征(Description):多年生草本,具粗根状茎。叶均基生,肉质;叶片卵形或狭卵形,长3.5-17厘米,宽2-9.5厘米,顶端微尖或钝,基部渐狭或宽楔形,边缘全缘,两面均被贴伏的短柔毛,有时上面毛稀疏,侧脉约4对;叶柄扁,长1-8厘米,宽达1厘米,密被短柔毛。聚伞花序2-石条,不分枝或一回分枝,每花序有(1-)2-13(-17)花;花序梗长6-30厘米,被短柔毛;苞片2,对生,卵形、宽卵形或圆卵形,长1-4.5厘米,宽0.8-2.8厘米,密被短柔毛;花梗长达2.3厘米,密被短柔毛及短腺毛。花萼长0.9-1厘米,5裂达基部,裂片狭披针形,宽2-2.5毫米,外面被短柔毛及腺毛,内面被疏柔毛。花冠紫色或淡紫色,有时白色,喉部黄色,长3-4.5厘米,两面疏被短柔毛,与上唇2裂片相对有2纵条毛;筒长2-3厘米,口部直径1-1.4厘米;上唇长5-9毫米,2浅裂,下唇长1.2-1.8厘米,3裂。雄蕊的花丝着生于距花冠基部1.2-1.6厘米处,长9-10毫米,下部宽,被疏柔毛,向上变狭,并膝状弯曲,花药长约5毫米;退化雄蕊2,着生于距基部 1.1-1.5毫米处,长4-6毫米,有疏柔毛。花盘斜,高约2毫米,边缘有波状齿。雌蕊长2.2-3厘米,子房及花柱下部密被短柔毛,柱头二裂。蒴果长4-6厘米,粗约2毫米,被短柔毛。花期4-7月。
分布(Distribution):产广东、广西、贵州、湖南、四川、湖北。生于海拔100-1500米石灰山林中石上或沟边林下。
用途(Use):民间全草供药用,有清肺止咳等效
引自中国植物志英文版FOC Vol. 18 Page 323      
Chirita eburnea Hance, J. Bot. 21: 168. 1883.
牛耳朵 niu er duo | Gesneriaceae  | Chirita
Chirita fauriei Franchet; Didymocarpus eburneus (Ha nce) H. Léveillé; D. fauriei (Franchet) H. Léveillé; Roettlera eburnea (Hance) Kuntze.
Perennials, stemless. Rhizome internodes inconspicuous. Leaves basal, opposite; petiole 1-8 X 0.5-1 cm; leaf blade ovate to elliptic or obovate, 3.5-17 X 2-9.5 cm, papery, appressed puberulent to pilose, eglandular, base attenuate to broadly cuneate, margin entire, apex acute; lateral veins 4 or 5 on each side of midrib, inconspicuous. Cymes (1 or)2-13(-17)-flowered; peduncle 4-30 cm, puberulent; bracts 2, free, ovate to orbicular-ovate, 1-4.5 X 0.8-2.8 cm, densely puberulent, margin entire, apex acute to obtuse. Pedicel to 2.3 cm, puberulent and glandular puberulent. Calyx 5-sect from base; segments equal, narrowly lanceolate, (3-)7-10 X (1-)2-2.5 mm, outside puberulent and glandular puberulent, inside sparsely puberulent, margin entire, apex acute. Corolla purple to white or yellow, 3-4.5 cm, sparsely puberulent; tube nearly tubular, ca. 3 X 1-1.4 cm; adaxial lip 5-9 mm; abaxial lip 1.2-1.8 cm. Filaments 9-10 mm, sparsely puberulent basally; anthers fused by entire adaxial surfaces, 3-5 mm, nearly glabrous; staminodes 2, 4-6 mm. Pistil 2.2-3 cm, densely puberulent; ovary ca. 2 cm. Stigma cuneate, ca. 3 mm, 2-lobed. Capsule erect, 4-8 cm. Fl. Apr-Sep, fr. May-Oct.
* Rocks in forests or along streamsides in forests on limestone hills; near sea level to 1900 m. N Guangdong, N Guangxi, Guizhou, W Hubei, SE and W Hunan, E and S Sichuan.
牛耳朵Chirita eburnea

牛耳朵Chirita eburnea

牛耳朵Chirita eburnea

牛耳朵Chirita eburnea


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