三白草Saururus chinensis
中文名（Chinese Name）：三白草
学名（Scientific Name）：Saururus chinensis (Lour.) Baill.
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：塘边藕
异名（Synonym）：Saururus loureiri Decne. Saururopsis chinensis (Lour.) Turcz. Saururopsis cumingii C. DC. Spathium chinense Lour. Saururus cumingii C.DC. Saururus loureiroi Decne.
科属（Family & Genus）：三白草科（Saururaceae）三白草属
形态特征（Description）：湿生草本，高约1米余；茎粗壮，有纵长粗棱和沟槽，下部伏地，常带白色，上部直立，绿色。叶纸质，密生腺点，阔卵形至卵状披针形，长10-20厘米，宽5-10厘米，顶端短尖或渐尖，基部心形或斜心形，两面均无毛，上部的叶较小，茎顶端的2-3片于花期常为白色，呈花瓣状; 叶脉5-7条，均自基部发出，如为7脉时，则最外1对纤细，斜升约2-2.5厘米即弯拱网结，网状脉明显；叶柄长1-3厘米，无毛，基部与托叶合生成鞘状，略抱茎。花序白色，长12-20厘米；总花梗长3-4.5厘米，无毛，但花序轴密被短柔毛; 苞片近匙形，上部圆，无毛或有疏缘毛，下部线形，被柔毛，且贴生于花梗上；雄蕊6枚，花药长圆形，纵裂，花丝比花药略长。果近球形，直径约3毫米，表面多疣状凸起。花期4-6月。
分布（Distribution）：产于河北、山东、河南和长江流域及其以南各省区，生于低湿沟边，塘边或溪旁。日本、菲律宾至越南也有分布。
用途（Use）：全株药用，内服治尿路感染、尿路结石、脚气水肿及营养性水肿；外敷治痈疮疖肿、皮肤湿疹等。
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 4 Page 108
Saururus chinensis (Loureiro) Baillon, Adansonia. 10(2): 71. 1871.
三白草 san bai cao| Saururaceae | Saururus
Spathium chinense Loureiro, Fl. Cochinch. 217. 1790; Saururopsis chinensis (Loureiro) Turczaninow; S. cumingii C. de Candolle; Saururus cernuus Thunberg (1784), not Linnaeus (1753); S. loureiri Decaisne.
Herbs to more than 1 m high; rhizomes creeping, white, thick. Stems strong, basal part creeping and usually whitish, apical part erect and green. Stipular sheath 2-10 mm, ca. as long as petiole, slightly clasping; petiole 1-3 cm, glabrous; leaf blade ovate to ovate-lanceolate, (4-)10-20 × (2-)5-10 cm, papery, densely glandular, glabrous, base cordate or oblique-cordate, apex acute or acuminate; veins 5-7, basal, if 7-veined, outermost pair slender, ascending and then arched and combined; reticulate veins conspicuous. Apical leaves smaller, 2 or 3 at stem apex, usually petal-like, white at anthesis. Inflorescence an elongated, axillary or terminal raceme, (3-)12-20 (-22) cm; peduncles 0.5-4.5 cm, glabrous; rachis densely pubescent. Bract beneath each flower spatulate, basal part linear and pilose, apical part orbicular and glabrous or sparsely ciliate, small, apex rounded to acute. Filaments slightly longer than anthers. Fruit subglobose, ca. 3 mm in diam., tuberculate. Fl. Apr-Jun, fr. Jun-Jul. 2n = 22*.
Wet places, ditches, meadows, riverbanks, streamsides, forests, thickets, roadsides, field margins; near sea level to 1700 m. Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Hebei, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shandong, Sichuan, Taiwan, Yunnan, Zhejiang [India, Japan (including Ryukyu Islands), Korea, Philippines, Vietnam]
Type from Guangzhou, Guangdong.
Rhizomes and flowers used medicinally.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）：Saururus chinensis (Lour.) Baill.
英文名（English Common Name）：
别名（Chinese Common Name）：塘边藕
异名（Synonym）：Saururus loureiri Decne. Saururopsis chinensis (Lour.) Turcz. Saururopsis cumingii C. DC. Spathium chinense Lour. Saururus cumingii C.DC. Saururus loureiroi Decne.
科属（Family & Genus）：三白草科（Saururaceae）三白草属
形态特征（Description）：湿生草本，高约1米余；茎粗壮，有纵长粗棱和沟槽，下部伏地，常带白色，上部直立，绿色。叶纸质，密生腺点，阔卵形至卵状披针形，长10-20厘米，宽5-10厘米，顶端短尖或渐尖，基部心形或斜心形，两面均无毛，上部的叶较小，茎顶端的2-3片于花期常为白色，呈花瓣状; 叶脉5-7条，均自基部发出，如为7脉时，则最外1对纤细，斜升约2-2.5厘米即弯拱网结，网状脉明显；叶柄长1-3厘米，无毛，基部与托叶合生成鞘状，略抱茎。花序白色，长12-20厘米；总花梗长3-4.5厘米，无毛，但花序轴密被短柔毛; 苞片近匙形，上部圆，无毛或有疏缘毛，下部线形，被柔毛，且贴生于花梗上；雄蕊6枚，花药长圆形，纵裂，花丝比花药略长。果近球形，直径约3毫米，表面多疣状凸起。花期4-6月。
分布（Distribution）：产于河北、山东、河南和长江流域及其以南各省区，生于低湿沟边，塘边或溪旁。日本、菲律宾至越南也有分布。
用途（Use）：全株药用，内服治尿路感染、尿路结石、脚气水肿及营养性水肿；外敷治痈疮疖肿、皮肤湿疹等。
引自中国植物志英文版：FOC Vol. 4 Page 108
Saururus chinensis (Loureiro) Baillon, Adansonia. 10(2): 71. 1871.
三白草 san bai cao| Saururaceae | Saururus
Spathium chinense Loureiro, Fl. Cochinch. 217. 1790; Saururopsis chinensis (Loureiro) Turczaninow; S. cumingii C. de Candolle; Saururus cernuus Thunberg (1784), not Linnaeus (1753); S. loureiri Decaisne.
Herbs to more than 1 m high; rhizomes creeping, white, thick. Stems strong, basal part creeping and usually whitish, apical part erect and green. Stipular sheath 2-10 mm, ca. as long as petiole, slightly clasping; petiole 1-3 cm, glabrous; leaf blade ovate to ovate-lanceolate, (4-)10-20 × (2-)5-10 cm, papery, densely glandular, glabrous, base cordate or oblique-cordate, apex acute or acuminate; veins 5-7, basal, if 7-veined, outermost pair slender, ascending and then arched and combined; reticulate veins conspicuous. Apical leaves smaller, 2 or 3 at stem apex, usually petal-like, white at anthesis. Inflorescence an elongated, axillary or terminal raceme, (3-)12-20 (-22) cm; peduncles 0.5-4.5 cm, glabrous; rachis densely pubescent. Bract beneath each flower spatulate, basal part linear and pilose, apical part orbicular and glabrous or sparsely ciliate, small, apex rounded to acute. Filaments slightly longer than anthers. Fruit subglobose, ca. 3 mm in diam., tuberculate. Fl. Apr-Jun, fr. Jun-Jul. 2n = 22*.
Wet places, ditches, meadows, riverbanks, streamsides, forests, thickets, roadsides, field margins; near sea level to 1700 m. Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hainan, Hebei, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shandong, Sichuan, Taiwan, Yunnan, Zhejiang [India, Japan (including Ryukyu Islands), Korea, Philippines, Vietnam]
Type from Guangzhou, Guangdong.
Rhizomes and flowers used medicinally.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
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