鸦跖花Ranunculus kamchaticus

中文名(Chinese Name):鸦跖花
学名(Scientific Name):Ranunculus kamchaticus DC.
英文名(English Common Name):Kamchatka buttercup
别名(Chinese Common Name):
异名(Synonym):Caltha glacialis (Fisch. ex DC.) Spreng.  Ficaria glacialis Fisch. ex DC.  Ranunculus kamchaticus DC.  Caltha kamchatica (DC.) Spreng.
科属(Family & Genus):毛茛科(Ranunculaceae)鸦跖花属
形态特征(Description):植株高2-9厘米,有短根状茎;须根细长,簇生。叶全部基生,卵形、倒卵形至椭圆状长圆形,长0.3-3厘米,宽5-25毫米,全缘,有3出脉,无毛,常有软骨质边缘; 叶柄较宽扁,长1-4厘米,基部鞘状,最后撕裂成纤维状残存。花葶1-3 (-5)条,无毛;花单生,直径1.5-3厘米;萼片5,宽倒卵形,长4-10毫米,近革质,无毛,果后增大,宿存;花瓣橙黄色或表面白色, 10-15枚,披针形或长圆形,长7-15毫米,宽1.5-4米,有3-5脉,基部渐狭成爪,蜜槽呈杯状凹穴;花药长0.5-1.2毫米;花托较宽扁。聚合果近球形,直径约1厘米;瘦果楔状菱形,长2.5-3毫米,宽1-1.5毫米,有4条纵肋,背肋明显,喙顶生,短而硬,基部两侧有翼。花果期6月至8月。
分布(Distribution):分布于西藏、云南、四川、陕西、甘肃、青海和新疆,生海拔3600-5100米间的高山草甸或高山灌丛中。印度至俄罗斯也有。
引自中国植物志英文版:FOC Vol. 6 Page 435     
Oxygraphis glacialis (Fischer ex de Candolle) Bunge, Verz. Altai Pfl. 47. 1836.
Credit: Harvard University Herbaria | Ranunculaceae  | Oxygraphis
Ficaria glacialis Fischer ex de Candolle, Prodr. 1: 305. 1817; Caltha glacialis (Fischer ex de Candolle) Sprengel; C. kamchatica (de Candolle) Sprengel; Ranunculus kamchaticus de Candolle.
Basal leaves 5--10, glabrous; petiole 1--8 cm, narrowly vaginate at base; leaf blade ovate, broadly ovate, obovate, or elliptic, 0.5--3 × 0.5--3 cm, base broadly cuneate, margin entire, or rarely crenate, apex obtuse. Scapes 1--8, more than 2 cm, elongating to 10 cm in fruit, glabrous. Flowers solitary, 1.5--3 cm in diam. Sepals 5, orbicular-obovate or elliptic-ovate, 3--5 mm, subleathery, glabrous, persistent, accrescent after anthesis to 10--18 mm. Petals 12--19, oblanceolate or oblong, 7--12 × 1.5--3 mm. Anthers oblong, 0.6--1 mm. Aggregate fruit subglobose, ca. 1 cm in diam.; achenes narrowly obovate-rhombic, 2.2--3 × 1.2--1.8 mm, glabrous. Persistent style 1.5--2 mm. Fl. Apr--Sep, fr. Jun--Oct. 2n = 16*.
Alpine meadows, often on level wet stony areas, grassy slopes, scrub, by rivers; 2700--5000 m. S Gansu, Qinghai, S Shaanxi (Taibai Shan), W Sichuan, Xinjiang, Xizang, NW Yunnan [Bhutan, N India, Kazakhstan, Mongolia, Nepal, Russia (Siberia)].
If Oxygraphis is included within Ranunculus, the correct name for this species is R. kamchaticus because the epithet “glacialis” was already used in 1753 for the alpine European species Ranunculus glacialis Linnaeus.
 鸦跖花Ranunculus kamchaticus

鸦跖花Ranunculus kamchaticus

鸦跖花Ranunculus kamchaticus

鸦跖花Ranunculus kamchaticus
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