水车前Ottelia alismoides
中文名（Chinese Name）：水车前
学名（Scientific Name）：Ottelia alismoides (L.) Pers.
英文名（English Common Name）：ducklettuce
别名（Chinese Common Name）：龙舌草
异名（Synonym）：Damasonium indicum Willd. Ottelia japonica Miq. Ottelia condorensis Gagnep. Ottelia dioecia Yan Stratiotes alismoides L. Hydrocharis bodinieri H.Lév. & Vaniot Hymenotheca latifolia Salisb. Ottelia alata (Gagnep.) H.Li Ottelia bodinieri (H.Lév. & Vaniot) Dandy Ottelia ensiformis Blanco Ottelia hoffmeisteri Klotzsch Ottelia indica (Willd.) Planch. ex Dalzell & A.Gibson Ottelia javanica (Blume) Voigt Ottelia lactucifolia (Planch.) Walp. Ottelia lanceolata (Gagnep.) Dandy Ottelia philippinensis Ostenf. Ottelia thorelii (Gagnep.) Dandy Stratiotes quinquealatus Stokes Boottia alata Gagnep. Boottia bodinieri (H.Lév. & Vaniot) H.Lév. & Vaniot Boottia lanceolata Gagnep. Boottia thorelii Gagnep. Damasonium alismoides (L.) R.Br. Damasonium javanicum Blume Damasonium lactucifolium Planch. Damasonium lancifolium C.Presl Damasonium timorense Zipp. ex Span. Damasonium tranquebariense Schult.f. Ottelia alismoides var. cordifolia Kuntze Ottelia alismoides var. lanceolata Kuntze Ottelia alismoides var. lacustris (Kom.) Kitag. Ottelia alismoides var. oryzetorum (Kom.) Kitag. Ottelia alismoides f. oryzetorum Kom. Ottelia alismoides f. lacustris Kom. Ottelia alismoides var. javanica (Blume)
科属（Family & Genus）：水鳖科（Hydrocharitaceae）水车前属
形态特征（Description）：沉水草本，具须根。茎短缩。叶基生，膜质；叶片因生境条件的不同而形态各异，多为广卵形、卵状椭圆形、近圆形或心形，长约20厘米，宽约18厘米，或更大，常见叶形尚有狭长形、披针形乃至线形，长达8-25厘米，宽仅1.5-4厘米，全缘或有细齿；在植株个体发育的不同阶段，叶形常依次变更：初生叶线形，后出现披针形、椭圆形、广卵形等叶；叶柄长短随水体的深浅而异，多变化于2-40厘米之间。两性花，偶见单性花，即杂性异株 (dioecio-polygamous); 佛焰苞椭圆形至卵形，长2.5-4厘米，宽1.5-2.5厘米，顶端2-3浅裂，有3-6条纵翅，翅有时成折叠的波状，有时极窄，在翅不发达的脊上有时出现瘤状凸起；总花梗长40-50厘米；花无梗，单生；花瓣白色．淡紫色或浅蓝色；雄蕊3-9(-12) 枚，花丝具腺毛，花药条形，黄色，长3-4毫米，宽0.5-1毫米，药隔扁平；子房下位，近圆形，心皮3-9 (-10)枚，侧膜胎座；花柱6-10，2深裂。果长2-5厘米，宽0.8-1.8厘米。种子多数，纺锤形，细小，长1-2毫米，种皮上有纵条纹，被有白毛。花期4-10月。
分布（Distribution）：分布于我国大部分省区，常生于湖泊、沟渠、水塘、水田以及积水洼地。广布于非洲东北部、亚洲东部及东南部至澳大利亚热带地区。
用途（Use）：全株可作蔬菜、饵料、饲料、绿肥以及药用等。
引自中国植物志英文版FOC Vol. 23 Page 95
Ottelia alismoides (Linnaeus) Persoon, Syn. Pl. 1: 400. 1805.
龙舌草 long she cao | Hydrocharitaceae | Ottelia
Stratiotes alismoides Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 535. 1753; Damasonium alismoides (Linnaeus) R. Brown; D. indicum Willdenow, nom. illeg. superfl.; Ottelia alismoides f. oryzetorum Komarov; O. condorensis Gagnepain; O. dioecia S. Z. Yan; O. indica Planchon ex Dalzell & A. Gibson, nom. illeg. superfl.; O. japonica Miquel; S. quinquealatus Stokes, nom. illeg. superfl.
Petiole varying greatly in length according to depth of water; leaf blade wholly submerged, varying greatly in shape and size, usually broadly ovate, ovate-elliptic, suborbicular, cordate, or sometimes lanceolate, ca. 20 × 18 cm or more, membranous. Flowers bisexual or plants occasionally dioecious-polygamous. Spathe 2.5-4 × 1.5-2.5 cm, 2- or 3-lobed at apex, with 3-6 longitudinal wings. Flowers solitary, sessile. Petals white, slightly purple, or bluish. Stamens 3-9(-12); filaments glandular hairy; anthers narrowly oblong, 3-4 mm. Ovary subglobose, with 3-9(or 10) carpels; styles 6-10, deeply 2-lobed. Fruit 2-5 × 0.8-1.8 cm. Seeds fusiform, 1-2 mm, densely hairy. Fl. and fr. Apr-Oct. 2n = 44.
Still or running water. Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, NW Hainan, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Japan (including Ryukyu Islands), Korea, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, New Guinea, Philippines, Thailand, Sri Lanka, Vietnam; Africa, Australia; introduced in North America].
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）：Ottelia alismoides (L.) Pers.
英文名（English Common Name）：ducklettuce
别名（Chinese Common Name）：龙舌草
异名（Synonym）：Damasonium indicum Willd. Ottelia japonica Miq. Ottelia condorensis Gagnep. Ottelia dioecia Yan Stratiotes alismoides L. Hydrocharis bodinieri H.Lév. & Vaniot Hymenotheca latifolia Salisb. Ottelia alata (Gagnep.) H.Li Ottelia bodinieri (H.Lév. & Vaniot) Dandy Ottelia ensiformis Blanco Ottelia hoffmeisteri Klotzsch Ottelia indica (Willd.) Planch. ex Dalzell & A.Gibson Ottelia javanica (Blume) Voigt Ottelia lactucifolia (Planch.) Walp. Ottelia lanceolata (Gagnep.) Dandy Ottelia philippinensis Ostenf. Ottelia thorelii (Gagnep.) Dandy Stratiotes quinquealatus Stokes Boottia alata Gagnep. Boottia bodinieri (H.Lév. & Vaniot) H.Lév. & Vaniot Boottia lanceolata Gagnep. Boottia thorelii Gagnep. Damasonium alismoides (L.) R.Br. Damasonium javanicum Blume Damasonium lactucifolium Planch. Damasonium lancifolium C.Presl Damasonium timorense Zipp. ex Span. Damasonium tranquebariense Schult.f. Ottelia alismoides var. cordifolia Kuntze Ottelia alismoides var. lanceolata Kuntze Ottelia alismoides var. lacustris (Kom.) Kitag. Ottelia alismoides var. oryzetorum (Kom.) Kitag. Ottelia alismoides f. oryzetorum Kom. Ottelia alismoides f. lacustris Kom. Ottelia alismoides var. javanica (Blume)
科属（Family & Genus）：水鳖科（Hydrocharitaceae）水车前属
形态特征（Description）：沉水草本，具须根。茎短缩。叶基生，膜质；叶片因生境条件的不同而形态各异，多为广卵形、卵状椭圆形、近圆形或心形，长约20厘米，宽约18厘米，或更大，常见叶形尚有狭长形、披针形乃至线形，长达8-25厘米，宽仅1.5-4厘米，全缘或有细齿；在植株个体发育的不同阶段，叶形常依次变更：初生叶线形，后出现披针形、椭圆形、广卵形等叶；叶柄长短随水体的深浅而异，多变化于2-40厘米之间。两性花，偶见单性花，即杂性异株 (dioecio-polygamous); 佛焰苞椭圆形至卵形，长2.5-4厘米，宽1.5-2.5厘米，顶端2-3浅裂，有3-6条纵翅，翅有时成折叠的波状，有时极窄，在翅不发达的脊上有时出现瘤状凸起；总花梗长40-50厘米；花无梗，单生；花瓣白色．淡紫色或浅蓝色；雄蕊3-9(-12) 枚，花丝具腺毛，花药条形，黄色，长3-4毫米，宽0.5-1毫米，药隔扁平；子房下位，近圆形，心皮3-9 (-10)枚，侧膜胎座；花柱6-10，2深裂。果长2-5厘米，宽0.8-1.8厘米。种子多数，纺锤形，细小，长1-2毫米，种皮上有纵条纹，被有白毛。花期4-10月。
分布（Distribution）：分布于我国大部分省区，常生于湖泊、沟渠、水塘、水田以及积水洼地。广布于非洲东北部、亚洲东部及东南部至澳大利亚热带地区。
用途（Use）：全株可作蔬菜、饵料、饲料、绿肥以及药用等。
引自中国植物志英文版FOC Vol. 23 Page 95
Ottelia alismoides (Linnaeus) Persoon, Syn. Pl. 1: 400. 1805.
龙舌草 long she cao | Hydrocharitaceae | Ottelia
Stratiotes alismoides Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 535. 1753; Damasonium alismoides (Linnaeus) R. Brown; D. indicum Willdenow, nom. illeg. superfl.; Ottelia alismoides f. oryzetorum Komarov; O. condorensis Gagnepain; O. dioecia S. Z. Yan; O. indica Planchon ex Dalzell & A. Gibson, nom. illeg. superfl.; O. japonica Miquel; S. quinquealatus Stokes, nom. illeg. superfl.
Petiole varying greatly in length according to depth of water; leaf blade wholly submerged, varying greatly in shape and size, usually broadly ovate, ovate-elliptic, suborbicular, cordate, or sometimes lanceolate, ca. 20 × 18 cm or more, membranous. Flowers bisexual or plants occasionally dioecious-polygamous. Spathe 2.5-4 × 1.5-2.5 cm, 2- or 3-lobed at apex, with 3-6 longitudinal wings. Flowers solitary, sessile. Petals white, slightly purple, or bluish. Stamens 3-9(-12); filaments glandular hairy; anthers narrowly oblong, 3-4 mm. Ovary subglobose, with 3-9(or 10) carpels; styles 6-10, deeply 2-lobed. Fruit 2-5 × 0.8-1.8 cm. Seeds fusiform, 1-2 mm, densely hairy. Fl. and fr. Apr-Oct. 2n = 44.
Still or running water. Anhui, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, NW Hainan, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Yunnan, Zhejiang [Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Japan (including Ryukyu Islands), Korea, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, New Guinea, Philippines, Thailand, Sri Lanka, Vietnam; Africa, Australia; introduced in North America].
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