野生稻Oryza rufipogon
中文名（Chinese Name）：野生稻
学名（Scientific Name）：Oryza rufipogon Griffiths
英文名（English Common Name）：brownbeard rice
别名（Chinese Common Name）：
异名（Synonym）：
科属（Family & Genus）：禾本科（Gramineae）稻属
形态特征（Description）：多年生水生草本。秆高约1.5米，下部海绵质或于节上生根。叶鞘圆筒形，疏松、无毛；叶舌长达17毫米；叶耳明显；叶片线形、扁平，长达40厘米，宽约1厘米，边缘与中脉粗糙，顶端浙尖。圆锥花序长约20厘米，直立而后下垂；主轴及分枝粗糙；小穗长8-9毫米，宽2-2.5 (3)毫米，基部具2枚微小半圆形的退化颖片；成熟后自小穗柄关节上脱落；第一和第二外稃退化呈鳞片状，长约2.5毫米，具1脉成脊，顶端尖，边缘微粗糙；孕性外稃长圆形厚纸质，长7-8毫米，具5脉，遍生糙毛状粗糙，沿脊上部具较长纤毛；芒着生于外稃顶端并具一明显关节，长5-40毫米不等；内秤与外稃同质，被糙毛，具3脉；鳞被2枚；雄蕊6，花药长约5毫米；柱头2，羽状。颖果长圆形，易落粒。花果期4-5月和10-11月。
分布（Distribution）：产广东、海南、广西、云南、台湾。生于海拔600米以下的江河流域，平原地区的池塘、溪沟、藕塘、稻田、沟渠、沼泽等低湿地。东南亚等地广泛分布。
用途（Use）：
引自中国植物志英文版FOC Vol. 22 Page 182, 183
Oryza rufipogon Griffith, Not. Pl. Asiat. 3: 5. 1851.
野生稻 ye sheng dao | Poaceae | Oryza
Oryza sativa Linnaeus subsp. rufipogon (Griffith) de Wet; O. sativa var. rufipogon (Griffith) G. Watt.
Perennial, aquatic, tufted or stoloniferous. Culms decumbent, rooting and tillering at nodes, sometimes floating, lower part spongy, 0.7–1.5 m or more tall. Leaf sheaths slightly inflated below, upper sheaths tight, glabrous, auricles conspicuous, glabrous or ciliate; leaf blades up to 40 × 1–2 cm, margins and midrib scabrid, apex acuminate; ligule up to 17 mm. Panicle spreading, 12–30 cm, eventually nodding; branches 1–5 at lowest node, longest 2.5–12 cm, axils bearded or glabrous. Spikelets oblong, 8–11 mm, length 2.7–4.5 times width, yellowish green with reddish apex, deciduous; sterile lemmas lanceolate, ca. 2.5 mm, apex acuminate; fertile lemma finely reticulate with scattered short glassy hairs, flanks slightly sulcate, keel stiffly ciliate, apex acuminate; awn 5–40 mm or more, stout, scaberulous. Anthers 4–6 mm. Caryopsis reddish brown, 5–7 mm. Fl. and fr. Apr–May and Oct–Nov. 2n = 24.
Riversides, ponds, streams, lotus ponds, rice fields, ditches, marshes; below 700 m. Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Taiwan, Yunnan [Bangladesh, Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, New Guinea, Sri Lanka, Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam; Australia (Queensland)].
This is a member of the AA genome complex, which includes cultivated rice, of which it is a progenitor. Members of this group hybridize quite easily and have contributed to the development of rice cultivars. Oryza rufipogon is perennial, but the most important difference from cultivated rice is the possession of readily deciduous spikelets.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
学名（Scientific Name）：Oryza rufipogon Griffiths
英文名（English Common Name）：brownbeard rice
别名（Chinese Common Name）：
异名（Synonym）：
科属（Family & Genus）：禾本科（Gramineae）稻属
形态特征（Description）：多年生水生草本。秆高约1.5米，下部海绵质或于节上生根。叶鞘圆筒形，疏松、无毛；叶舌长达17毫米；叶耳明显；叶片线形、扁平，长达40厘米，宽约1厘米，边缘与中脉粗糙，顶端浙尖。圆锥花序长约20厘米，直立而后下垂；主轴及分枝粗糙；小穗长8-9毫米，宽2-2.5 (3)毫米，基部具2枚微小半圆形的退化颖片；成熟后自小穗柄关节上脱落；第一和第二外稃退化呈鳞片状，长约2.5毫米，具1脉成脊，顶端尖，边缘微粗糙；孕性外稃长圆形厚纸质，长7-8毫米，具5脉，遍生糙毛状粗糙，沿脊上部具较长纤毛；芒着生于外稃顶端并具一明显关节，长5-40毫米不等；内秤与外稃同质，被糙毛，具3脉；鳞被2枚；雄蕊6，花药长约5毫米；柱头2，羽状。颖果长圆形，易落粒。花果期4-5月和10-11月。
分布（Distribution）：产广东、海南、广西、云南、台湾。生于海拔600米以下的江河流域，平原地区的池塘、溪沟、藕塘、稻田、沟渠、沼泽等低湿地。东南亚等地广泛分布。
用途（Use）：
引自中国植物志英文版FOC Vol. 22 Page 182, 183
Oryza rufipogon Griffith, Not. Pl. Asiat. 3: 5. 1851.
野生稻 ye sheng dao | Poaceae | Oryza
Oryza sativa Linnaeus subsp. rufipogon (Griffith) de Wet; O. sativa var. rufipogon (Griffith) G. Watt.
Perennial, aquatic, tufted or stoloniferous. Culms decumbent, rooting and tillering at nodes, sometimes floating, lower part spongy, 0.7–1.5 m or more tall. Leaf sheaths slightly inflated below, upper sheaths tight, glabrous, auricles conspicuous, glabrous or ciliate; leaf blades up to 40 × 1–2 cm, margins and midrib scabrid, apex acuminate; ligule up to 17 mm. Panicle spreading, 12–30 cm, eventually nodding; branches 1–5 at lowest node, longest 2.5–12 cm, axils bearded or glabrous. Spikelets oblong, 8–11 mm, length 2.7–4.5 times width, yellowish green with reddish apex, deciduous; sterile lemmas lanceolate, ca. 2.5 mm, apex acuminate; fertile lemma finely reticulate with scattered short glassy hairs, flanks slightly sulcate, keel stiffly ciliate, apex acuminate; awn 5–40 mm or more, stout, scaberulous. Anthers 4–6 mm. Caryopsis reddish brown, 5–7 mm. Fl. and fr. Apr–May and Oct–Nov. 2n = 24.
Riversides, ponds, streams, lotus ponds, rice fields, ditches, marshes; below 700 m. Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Taiwan, Yunnan [Bangladesh, Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, New Guinea, Sri Lanka, Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam; Australia (Queensland)].
This is a member of the AA genome complex, which includes cultivated rice, of which it is a progenitor. Members of this group hybridize quite easily and have contributed to the development of rice cultivars. Oryza rufipogon is perennial, but the most important difference from cultivated rice is the possession of readily deciduous spikelets.
（责任编辑：徐晔春）
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